Implantable and Wearable Antennas for Bio-Medical Applications

In order to support body-centric application cases, a new generation of antennas is needed. When transmitters and receivers are placed in close proximity to one another on the body, whether they are surgically implanted beneath the skin, directly linked to the skin, or integrated into clothes, these antennas will play a crucial role in the resulting Body-Centric Wireless communication.The several ways in which patch antennas are employed in the medical profession. Research into on-body and in-body antennas, as well as current experimental results on implantable and wearable antennas. Over the past decade, research into implanted and wearable devices as a key area for wireless medical applications has increased dramatically. These devices are utilized to offer crucial data like glucose levels, blood pressure. Using a wireless connection, the data may be sent from the implantable and wearable antennas to devices located in the outside world given in figure 1.3. These antenna's frequency response and radiation efficiency alter when it is placed in close proximity to lossy human tissue, such as in a device worn by a person or an implanted device. One way to prevent this is to use a body phantom during the design phase and to keep the antenna isolate from the human body as feasible by using a ground plane to block electromagnetic radiation. The entire system's efficiency will be preserved if the antenna>