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Offers an insight into the alleged medical differences between whites and blacks that translated as racial inferiority. This work evaluates the diet, hygiene, clothing, and living and working conditions of African Americans, and analyzes the diseases and health conditions that afflicted them in urban areas, at industrial sites, and on plantations.

Documents the experiences of African Americans in Saratoga Springs, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island - towns that provided a recurring season of expanded employment opportunities, enhanced social life, cosmopolitan experience, and, in a good year, enough money to last through the winter.

A contribution to the history of American violence. It focuses on the bedrock issues of race and class, analysising the quick of urban-industrial life in the early twentieth century.

Explains how jazz was shaped by urbanization, the 'great migration' of southern blacks northward, and the 'jazz image' - dress code, jargon, and use of drugs. This book places jazz in its rich social context.

In 1905, the sociologist James Cutler observed, "It has been said that our country's national crime is lynching". If lynching was a national crime, it was a southern obsession. Based on an analysis of nearly six hundred lynchings, this volume offers a new, full appraisal of the complex character of lynching. In Virginia, the southern state with the fewest lynchings, W. Fitzhugh Brundage found that conditions did not breed endemic mob violence. The character of white domination in Georgia, however, was symbolized by nearly five hundred lynchings and became the measure of race relations in the Deep South. By focusing on these two states, Brundage addresses three central questions ignored by previous studies: How can the variation in lynching over space and time be explained? To what extent was lynching a social ritual that affirmed traditional values? What were the causes of the decline of lynching? An original aspect of the work is that it demonstrates the role blacks played in combatting lynching, whether by flight, overt protest, or other strategies. The most lasting of these were efforts to organize opposition to lynching, efforts that culminated in the expansion of the NAACP throughout the South. The book's multidisciplinary approach and the significant issues it addresses will interest historians of African-American history, the South, and American violence. At the same time, it will remind a more general audience of a tradition of violence that poisoned American life, and especially southern life.

An edition of a classic in African American history.

A study of the African American community under colonial Spanish rule. It provides a counterweight to the better-known dynamics of the Anglo slave South.

Traces the monumental battle waged by civil rights organizations and by local people to establish basic human rights for all citizens of Mississippi

Property ownership has been a traditional means for African Americans to gain recognition and enter the mainstream of American life. This landmark study documents this significant, but often overlooked, aspect of the black experience from the late eighteenth century to World War I.

Shows how the slaves labored, not because they shared values and goals with their masters, but because of the omnipresent threat of 'negative incentives,' primarily physical violence. This book provides a historical analysis of the debate over "Time on the Cross".