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Landscapes of material are also landscapes of meaning. In this book fifteen historical geographers examine landscapes as messages to be decoded, as signs to be deciphered. The essays are principally concerned with the ideologies of religion and of politics, of Church and of state, and their historical impress upon the landscape.

To contemporaries the nineteenth century was 'the age of great cities'. As early as 1851 over half the population of England and Wales could be classified as 'urban'. In the first full-length treatment of nineteenth-century urbanism from a geographical perspective, Richard Dennia focuses on the industrial towns and cities of Lancashire, Yorkshire, the Midlands and South Wales, that epitomised the spirit of the new age. In recent years urban historians and geographers have produced a wide range of detailed studies, both of particular cities and of specific aspects of nineteenth-century urban society, including the housing system, local government, public transport, class structure, residential segregation and social and geographical mobility. Dr Dennis offers a critical review of this research, integrated with his own original study of mobility, social interaction and community in the West Yorkshire town of Huddersfield.

This collection of essays provide theoretical, methodological and substantive empirical analysis of migration in Latin America. Ranging in time from the sixteenth through the mid-nineteenth century, they provide conclusive evidence of the ubiquity of migration in the early modern period, and show that to migrate was one of the most important means of coping with Spanish colonialism.

Lloyd George's 'New Domesday', initiated in 1910, yields valuable insights into Edwardian Britain. Using previously untapped sources, in this 1997 book Dr Short presents a coherent overview of this diverse and stimulating material, which will be of special interest to the growing number of scholars of early twentieth century Britain.

Landscapes of material are also landscapes of meaning. In this book fifteen historical geographers examine landscapes as messages to be decoded, as signs to be deciphered. The essays are principally concerned with the ideologies of religion and of politics, of Church and of state, and their historical impress upon the landscape.

This book is the first detailed examination of the relationship of the work of Marc Bloch to both Durkheimian sociology and to Vidalian geography. Professor Friedman argues that Bloch's unique intellectual position resembled neither of the inspirational sources, despite its derivation from both.

What we now know of as environmentalism began with the establishment of the first empire forest in 1855 in British India, and during the second half of the nineteenth century, over ten per cent of the land surface of the earth became protected as a public trust. Sprawling forest reservations, many of them larger than modern nations, became revenue-producing forests that protected the whole 'household of nature', and Rudyard Kipling and Theodore Roosevelt were among those who celebrated a new class of government foresters as public heroes. Imperial foresters warned of impending catastrophe, desertification and global climate change if the reverse process of deforestation continued. The empire forestry movement spread through India, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and then the United States to other parts of the globe, and Gregory Barton's study looks at the origins of environmentalism in a global perspective.

David Meyer traces Hong Kong's history from its foundations to its handover to China in 1997. Throughout this period, Hong Kong has been pivotal as a meeting place of Chinese and foreign social networks. The author is optimistic for its future, challenging those who predict its decline under Chinese rule.

Charles Withers' book takes Scotland as an exemplar of the relationship between geographical knowledge and national identity. In so doing he explores new perspectives on empire, national identity and the geographies of science, and advances a previously unexplored area of geographical enquiry - the historical geography of geographical knowledge.

Late nineteenth-century America was a time of industrialization and urbanization. Immigration was increasing and traditional hierarchies were being challenged. Hannah demonstrates using a combination of empirical and theoretical data that the modernization of America at the time was a thoroughly spatial and explicitly geographical project.

Written from the perspective of both historical geography and intellectual history, Imperial Visions demonstrates the fundamental importance of geographical imagination in the mentalite of imperial Russia. This 1999 work offers a truly novel perspective on the complex and ambivalent ideological relationship between Russian nationalism, geographical identity, and imperial expansion.

This is an important study which systematically explores the conceptual issues raised by the geography of societal change. Robert Dodgshon shows that by first understanding the geography of change, we can learn how society changes, and how and and why change tends to occur when it does.

How do peasants, producing mainly for themselves, become capitalist farmers? What happens to farm sizes and farming practices in the process of this transition? How far does it vary from region to region? These questions are examined theoretically and empirically in this 1995 study of rural change in Sweden.

The authors uses data collected for 350 cities around the world to paint a picture of global mortality trends at the turn of the twentieth century. The authors analyse data on diphtheria, enteric fever, measles, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and whooping cough, and death from all causes, to give insights into patterns of mortality from these diseases.

In this 1999 book, Alan Baker has put together a comprehensive study of voluntary associations in a French region in the nineteenth century. In doing so he challenges the orthodox portrayal of nineteenth-century French peasants as individualists and examines the extent of their involvement in traditional, and new, forms of collective action.

This book, first published in 2000, was the first single-authored treatment of medieval English agriculture at a national scale. It deals comprehensively with cultivation carried out by landowners on their demesne farms. Methodologically innovative, the book provides a framework and context for all future scholarship on the medieval and early agrarian economies.

This is the first book to take a comprehensive view of the historical geography of Scotland since the Union. The book contains a number of original researches and Dr Turnock attempts to set the Scottish experience in a framework of general ideas on modernisation.

This book examines the social history and historical geography of the most important agricultural pressure groups in France since about 1918, which helped to shape the evolution of French farming this century.

The Iconography of Landscape, first published in 1988, draws together fourteen scholars from diverse disciplines across the humanities and social sciences to explicate the status of landscape as a cultural image, 'a pictorial way of representing, structuring or symbolising surroundings'.

Geography and History is the first book for over a century to examine comprehensively the interdependence of the two disciplines. Alan Baker considers in turn locational geographies and spatial histories, environmental geographies and histories, landscape geographies and histories, and regional geographies and regional histories.

This is the first authoritative and comprehensive historical geography of Australia during the second century of white occupation. Originally published in hardback in 1988, Dr Powell's substantial study immediately established itself as essential reading for all those with a serious interest in Australian studies.

Urbanising Britain brings together the work of some leading British historical geographers of the younger generation to consider nineteenth-century urbanization as a process, emphasizing the dimensions of class and community.

This reference volume on the Caribbean contains historical and geographical information from 1492 to the present, and contains a bibliography and a set of maps and tables. Much of the book covers the history of sugar cultivation in the region.

This collection of essays provide theoretical, methodological and substantive empirical analysis of migration in Latin America. Ranging in time from the sixteenth through the mid-nineteenth century, they provide conclusive evidence of the ubiquity of migration in the early modern period, and show that to migrate was one of the most important means of coping with Spanish colonialism.

This book is the first available survey of English agriculture between 1500 and 1850. Written specifically for students, it combines new material with an analysis of the existing literature. The author argues that the impact of related changes in output and productivity, and in social and economic structure, in the century after 1750 amount to an agricultural revolution.

Power and Pauperism aims to provide a new perspective on the place of the workhouse in the history and geography of nineteenth-century society and social policy. Dr Driver demonstrates that despite appearances the workhouse system was far from monolithic, and that official policy was beset with conflict.

This book considers what it meant to be a white Briton in the West Indian colony of Barbados during the age of abolitionism. David Lambert offers a unique perspective into the consequences of these tumultuous times for a colony once renowned as the most loyal in the British Empire.

Underdraining has been recognized as one of the major capital-intensive agricultural improvements of the nineteenth century. Over half the agricultural area of England is subject to waterlogging and is in need of some form of underdraining, rendering the improvement both technically and economically basic to much of English agriculture.

This book demonstrates that territoriality for humans is not an instinct, but a powerful and often indispensable geographical strategy used to control people.

This book examines, from an explicitly geographic perspective, the relationships between migrants and the inner city during the period of mass immigration to the United States from about 1840 until the introduction of immigration restriction in 1923-4.