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This work studies the approach to the question of human perfection in a number of seminal Byzantine theological figures (from 7th-14th centuries), in conversation with modern Orthodox Christian thought. The Byzantine authors examined include Maximus the Confessor, Theodore the Studite, Symeon the New Theologian, and Gregory Palamas.

Kant is a key thinker in the emergence of our contemporary sense of what 'human freedom' is, and why it is important. This book shows that important features of Kant's philosophy were forged out of difficulties he had in reconciling his belief in God as creator with the concept of human freedom.

This book explains Pascal's understanding of the cognitive consequences of the Fall. For Pascal, the self is a fiction, constructed from without by an already duplicitous world. Drawing on the Pensees, William Wood demonstrates, by exegetical argument and constructive example, that 'Pascalian' theology is both possible and fruitful.

This study offers a new interpretation of twentieth-century Russian Orthodox theology by engaging the work of Georges Florovsky (1893-1979), especially his program of a 'return to the Church Fathers'.

This volume provides the first full study of Thomas Gallus (d. 1246) in English and represents a significant advance in his distinctive theology.

John Henry (later Cardinal) Newman is widely known to have been devoted to reading the Church Fathers. By exploring which Fathers interested Newman most and when, using both published and archive material, Benjamin J. King demonstrates the influence of the various Alexandrian theologians in different periods of Newman's life.

Is John Calvin's view of God coercive, leaving no place for the human in redemption? J. Todd Billings explores Calvin's theology of `participation in Christ', arguing that for Calvin grace fulfils nature. Billings reframes the critiques of Calvin in the Gift discussion, opening up new possibilities for contemporary theology as well.

This study describes the origin, development and crisis of the German nineteenth-century project of theology as science. It shows the groundbreaking historical work of the two major theological schools in nineteenth century Germany, the Tubingen School and the Ritschl School, as part of a broader theological and intellectual agenda.

In this study, Mark McInroy argues that the 'spiritual senses' play a crucial yet previously unappreciated role in the theological aesthetics of Hans Urs von Balthasar. The doctrine of the spiritual senses typically claims that human beings can be made capable of perceiving non-corporeal, 'spiritual' realities.

The foremost Roman Catholic theologian of the middle ages, Thomas Aquinas, was hugely popular in the last days of the Orthodox Byzantine Empire, in contrast to his largely negative reception by later Orthodox commentators. This book is the first to explore the long history of Orthodox fascination with Aquinas.

This study provides an account of Augustine's understanding of prayer and its importance to his theology by drawing on his practices as monk and bishop.

This study presents a new perspective on an important fourteenth-century Greek theologian, Gregory Palamas.

This innovative work offers a radical reinterpretation of the sixteenth-century Christological debates between Lutheran and Reformed theologians on the ascription of divine and human predicates to the person of the incarnate Son of God (the communicatio idiomatum).

This study is a reflection on the development and formulation of Christology in the first eight centuries of Christian theology.