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"As officials scrambled in 2020 to manage the spread of COVID, the reverberations of the crisis reached well beyond immediate public health concerns. The governance problems that emerged in the pandemic would be problems in other climate-related disasters too. Many of these governance problems wound up in court. Businesses filed claims with their insurance for lost commerce; when they were denied, some sued. Defense attorneys tried to get people released from prison, where people lived in dangerous conditions. As state governments ordered closures and otherwise tried to adapt, interest organizations that had long sought to limit government authority challenged them in court. Political officials railed against litigation they argued would stop businesses from reopening. The United States, like other countries, governs partly through litigation, and litigation is one way of seeing the multiple governance failures during the pandemic. Drawing on databases of cases filed, news reports, and the websites of advocacy groups and law firms, Susan Sterett argues that governing during the pandemic, or in any disaster, must include the human institutions intertwined with the virus. Those institutions reveal problems well beyond the reach of technical expertise. Failures in private insurance as a way of governing risk, conflicts about the primacy of religion, government authority, and health, are problems that predated the pandemic and will persist in future disasters"--

"Japan is a place where powerful earthquakes have occurred more frequently and have caused more harm in the modern era than they have in all but a handful of other locations on the planet. In the twentieth century alone, earthquake disasters took almost as many lives as they had in all of the country's recorded history up to that point. Predicting Disasters is a history of scientists' and policy makers' efforts to reduce the uncertainty around the timing and location of powerful earthquakes in modern Japan through forecasting and prediction. Kerry Smith shows how, in the twentieth century, scientists struggled to make large-scale earthquake disasters legible to the public and to policy makers as significant threats to Japan's future and as phenomena that could be anticipated and prepared for. Smith also explains why understanding those struggles matter. Disasters belong alongside more familiar topics of analysis in modern Japanese history, such as economic growth and its impacts, political crises and popular protest, and even the legacies of the war, for the work they do in helping us better understand how the past has influenced beliefs about Japan's possible futures, and how beliefs about the future shaped the present"--