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After an overview of the soliton concept, the authors introduce the concept of the nonlinear transmission line, the medium on which electrical solitons are formed. They also explain the unique dynamics of electrical solitons, including the many practical realities of solitons in lossy, non-ideal media.

This book delivers a comprehensive introduction to optical imaging and sensing, from devices to system-level applications. Drawing upon the extensive academic and industrial experience of its prestigious editors and renowned chapter authors, this authoritative text explains the physical principles of optical imaging and sensing, providing an essential understanding of the design, operation, and practical applications of optical imaging and sensing systems. It covers topics such as silicon-based imaging characteristics, nanophotonic phased arrays, thin-film sensors, label-free DNA sensors, and in vivo flow cytometry.

The book gives insight to the modern world of wireless communication, including 5G generation, implementation in Internet of Things (IoT), and emerging biomedical applications, as industry anticipates the next evolution towards a trillion interconnected devices. It further explains how modern RF wireless systems may handle so many wireless devices.

Circuits and Systems for Security and Privacy begins by introducing the basic theoretical concepts and arithmetic used in algorithms for security and cryptography, and by reviewing the fundamental building blocks of cryptographic systems. It then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of real-world implementations that not only optimize power, area, and throughput but also resist side-channel attacks. Merging the perspectives of experts from industry and academia, the book provides valuable insight and necessary background for the design of security-aware circuits and systems as well as efficient accelerators used in security applications.

This state-of-the-art work addresses both mainstream and emerging metallic spintronic devices. Featuring contributions from well-known academic and industrial experts, the book examines the latest metallic spintronic device research, developments, and applications, from magnetic tunneling junction sensors and spin torque oscillators to spin torque memory and logic. The text aims to equip anyone who is serious about metallic spintronic devices with up-to-date design, modeling, and processing knowledge. It can be used either by an expert in the field or a graduate student in course curriculum.

The book has two-fold intentions. Firstly it assembles the latest research in the field of nanoscale memories technology in one place. And secondly, it exposes the reader to myriad applications that nanoscale memories technology has enabled. The book is meant for advanced graduate research work or for academicians and researchers. This way the book has a widespread appeal, including practicing engineers, academicians, research scientists, and senior graduate students. Nanoscale memories today have a widespread application range.

This book addresses the problem of soft errors in digital integrated circuits subjected to the terrestrial natural radiation environment, providing comprehensive knowledge of the complete chain of the physics of soft errors. The text discusses particle interactions with matter, soft-error mechanisms, and instrumentation developments in environment characterization, particle detection, and real-time and accelerated tests. It describes the latest computational developments, modeling, and simulation strategies for the soft error-rate estimation in digital circuits. It also explores trends for future technological nodes and emerging devices.

The demand for portable and lightweight sensors is relentless in several industries, from consumer electronics to biomedical engineering to the military. This book brings together the latest research in smart sensors technology and exposes the reader to myriad applications that the technology has enabled. Contributors delve into advanced topics in photonics and optoelectronic, infrared and thermal, magnetic and inductive, sound and ultrasound, and piezoresistive, wireless, and electrical sensors. Applications include oxygen detection, sensing inside explosions, magnetic field measurements on airplanes, health monitoring, and more.

Although there have been extensive developments in computing and communications needs of integrated microsystems, the sensors required to conduct advanced and integrated tasks are only now seeing transformational change. With their huge potential interfacing applications for biological and medical fields, sensors will soon become ubiquitous. Focusing heavily on practical applications but remaining light on physics and math, this book addresses the developments necessary to make truly integrated sensors a reality in physical, biological, optical, and chemical sensing, as well as future micro- and nanotechnologies.

Written by experts from industry and academia around the world, this book focuses on electrical engineering and elaborates on how electrical circuits interface with biology, microfluidics, and photonics. Including only light math and physics, with greater focus on explanation, it covers integrated devices and other emerging structures required for future micro- and nanotechnologies. This material addresses physical and chemical sensing, imaging, smart actuation, and data fusion and management. Providing tables, figures, and equations to help illustrate concepts, the book¿s contributors examine and explain the potential of emerging applications that are in integrated microsystems.

This book reviews past, present, and emerging optical laser-based technologies for the detection of explosives. Each chapter is authored by a leading expert on the respective technology, and is structured to offer historical perspective, address current advantages and challenges, and discuss novel research and applications. With the ultimate goal of aiding military and security forces in increasing speed and accuracy of explosive detection and identification, the text covers terahertz, laser-induced breakdown, ultrafast, cavity ringdown, Raman, and reflectance spectroscopy, photodissociation laser-induced fluorescence, hyperspectral imaging, and more.

This book provides a fundamental understanding of the design, operation, and practical applications of fiber optic sensing systems. It describes the physical principles of, and latest developments in, optical fiber sensors, supplying detailed examples of various technologies in use. Chapters address state-of-the-art topics and emerging areas of research including photonic crystal fiber sensors, micro- and nanofiber sensing, and liquid crystal photonics. The text draws upon the extensive academic and industrial experience of its contributing authors to deliver a comprehensive introduction with a strong practical focus.

Microsystems technologies have found their way into an impressive variety of applications, from mobile phones and displays to smart grids and electric cars. This book explores the state of the art and the applications of microelectronics technologies. It covers a wide range of topics, including organic and flexible electronics, imaging and display technologies, sensing, and biomedical microsystems. The book serves as a source of inspiration for anyone who wants to further develop the technologies, create new applications, or get a better understanding of this multidisciplinary field.

There is a need to understand and combat potential radiation damage problems in semiconductor devices and circuits. This book explains the effects of radiation on semiconductor devices, radiation detectors, and electronic devices and components. It explores the applications, detector technologies, and circuit design techniques.

Addresses the developments in the design of semiconductor detectors and integrated circuits, in the context of medical imaging using ionizing radiation. This book explains how circuits for radiation are built, focusing on practical information about how they are being used, rather than mathematical details.

Presents illustrations, industry examples, and instructions on the application of wireless and optical networks. This title covers such topics as wireless networks such as WLAN, WPAN, 3G/4G cellular, and RF transmission; and optical networks involving long-haul and metropolitan networks, optical fiber, photonic devices, and VLSI chips.

This work is dedicated to CMOS based imaging with the emphasis on the noise modeling, characterization and optimization in order to contribute to the design of high performance imagers in general and range imagers in particular. CMOS is known to be superior to CCD due to its flexibility in terms of integration capabilities, but typically has to be enhanced to compete at parameters as for instance noise, dynamic range or spectral response. This work gathers the widespread theory on noise and extends the theory by a non-rigorous but potentially computing efficient algorithm to estimate noise in time sampled systems.

Making processing information more energy-efficient saves money, reduces energy use, and permits batteries that provide power in mobile devices to run longer or be smaller. The book addresses the need to investigate new approaches to lower energy requirement in multiple application areas and serves as a guide into emerging circuit technologies.

This handbook gives a comprehensive snapshot of the state of the art in nanodevices for nanoelectronics applications. Combining breadth and depth, the book includes 68 chapters on topics that range from nano-scaled CMOS devices through developments in nano capacitors. Among the nanodevices covered are single electron transistors and other electron tunneling devices, quantum cellular automata, memristors, graphene and carbon nanotube transistors, nanowire transistors, and nanodevices for spintronics. Featuring contributions by world-renowned experts, this is an invaluable source of ideas for anyone working in this rapidly expanding field.

This book describes the effects of ionizing radiation on modern semiconductor devices. It also discusses hardening-by-design solutions for custom chips. The text covers a range of devices, from memories and microprocessors to mixed-analog components and imagers. It addresses the experimental aspects as well as the simulation of radiation effects in electronic devices. It deals with several environments of interest, including terrestrial, space, and high-energy physics. The book provides a solid theoretical background, yet is practical enough to assist in making effective use of beam time.