Bøker i Elements in Perception-serien

This Element is for researchers seeking to understand visual attentional breadth. It critically considers the conceptualisation, measurement, and manipulation of attentional breadth, and how changing breadth impacts perceptual performance. The Element reviews the current 'state of the art', and provides useful frameworks for shaping future science.

This Element focuses on new knowledge about linkages between color vision genetics and color perception variation, and the color perception consequences of inheriting alternative, non-normative, forms of genetic sequence variation.

This Element looks at the physiological and social roles of taste and the proximal chemical senses. It explores how we perceive food and people when we contact them, and the influence of taste in food choice, metabolism. The impact of taste and the proximal chemical senses in emotion and social interactions is also examined.

Interactions between the senses are essential for cognitive functions. Past research helped understanding of multisensory processes in the laboratory, but efforts to extrapolate findings to the real-world are scarce. This Element discusses research that uncovers multisensory interactions under complex environments.

Examines local-level representational properties to illuminate the storage format of working memory content, as well as systems-level and brain network communication properties to illuminate the attentional processes controlling working memory. It also integrates both cognitive and neuroscientific accounts in a multi-level network architecture.

In this Element laboratory studies on crossmodal attention are situated within the applied context of driving. The conditions favoured by laboratory research, typically using a few paradigms involving simplified experimental conditions, is contrasted with multisensory, real-world environments filled with complex, intrinsically-meaningful stimuli.

This Element examines visual perception in the context of activities that involve moving about in complex, dynamic environments. A central theme is that the ability of humans and other animals to perceive their surroundings based on vision is profoundly shaped by the need to adaptively regulate locomotion to variations in the environment.

Proposes a framework in which it is assumed that visual selection is the result of the interaction between top-down, bottom-up and selection-history factors. Also discussed are top-down attentional engagement and suppression, bottom-up selection by abrupt onsets and static singletons as well as lingering biases due to selection-history.

In this review, we will present recent advances in how scene processing occurs within a few seconds of exposure, how scene information is retained in the long-term, and how different tasks affect attention in scene processing.

Even the simplest social interactions require us to gather, integrate, and act upon, multiple streams of information about others and our surroundings. In this Element, we discuss how perceptual processes provide us with an accurate account of action-relevant information in social contexts.

In this Element, we review literature on the physiological influences of music during perception and action. We outline how acoustic features of music influence physiological responses during passive listening, and then consider specific behavioural contexts in which physiological responses to music impact perception and performance.

Explores the interaction between perception and experience by studying perceptual experts, people who specialize in recognizing objects such as birds, automobiles, dogs. We propose perceptual expertise promotes a downward shift in object recognition where experts recognize objects in their domain of expertise at a more specific level than novices.

Hypothesis testing is a common statistical analysis for empirical data generated by studies of perception, but its properties and limitations are widely misunderstood. This Element describes several properties of hypothesis testing, with special emphasis on analyses common to studies of perception. The author also describes the challenges and difficulties with using hypothesis testing to interpret empirical data. Many common applications of hypothesis testing inflate the intended Type I error rate. Other aspects of hypothesis tests have important implications for experimental design. Solutions are available for some of these difficulties, but many issues are difficult to deal with.

"Our minds are severely limited in how much information they can extensively process, in spite of being massively parallel at the visual end. When people attempt to track moving objects, only a limited number can be tracked, which varies with display parameters. Associated experiments indicate that spatial selection and updating has higher capacity than selection and updating of features such as color and shape, and is mediated by processes specific to each cerebral hemisphere, such that each hemifield has its own spatial tracking limit. These spatial selection processes act as a bottleneck that gate subsequent processing. To improve our understanding of this bottleneck, future work should strive to avoid contamination of tracking tasks by high-level cognition. While we are far from fully understanding how attention keeps up with multiple moving objects, what we already know illuminates the architecture of visual processing and offers promising directions for new discoveries"--

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are the most recently discovered photoreceptor class in the human retina. This Element integrates new knowledge and perspectives from visual neuroscience, psychology, sleep science and architecture to discuss how melanopsin-mediated ipRGC functions can be measured and their circuits manipulated. It reveals contemporary and emerging lighting technologies as powerful tools to set mind, brain and behaviour.

"This Element outlines the recent understanding of ensemble representations in perception in a holistic way aimed to engage the general audience, novel and expert alike. The Element highlights the ubiquitous nature of this summary process, paving the way for a discussion of the theoretical and cortical underpinnings, and why ensemble encoding should be considered a basic, inherently necessary component of human perception. Following an overview of the topic, including a brief history of the field, the Element introduces overarching themes and a corresponding outline of the present work"--