Bøker i Makers of the Modern World-serien

Aleksandur Stamboliiski came to power at the end of the First World War in which Bulgaria had been defeated. This book examines the origins of this traditional nationalism from the foundation of the Bulgarian state in 1878, and of the agrarian movement which came to represent the social aspirations of the majority of the peasant population.

The end of the First World War saw Britain at the height of its power. Its main negotiator at the forthcoming peace conference would be its prime minister, the ebullient and enigmatic David Lloyd George (1863-1945), the "Welsh Wizard" - "the man who had won the war". This title investigates the extent to which Lloyd George succeeded in his aims.

Friedrich Ebert (1871-1925) was influential in securing SPD support for the war in 1914. He reluctantly accepted the need for Germany to sign the Treaty of Versailles, at one point saying he might be prepared to resume the war. This book examines how much of a part treaty played in creating the circumstances of the Second World War.

The Japanese delegation at the Paris Peace Conference did not have the Japanese prime or foreign ministers. They were led by Prince Saionji Kinmochi (1849-1940), the 'kingmaker' of early 20th-century Japanese politics whose life spanned the arrival of Commodore Perry, the Japanese civil war, the Meiji Restoration, the Sino-Japanese War and WW I.

World War I sounded the death knell of empires. The last Sultan Mehmet VI Vahdettin thought he could salvage the Ottoman state in something like its old form. But Vahdettin and his ministers could not succeed because the victorious Allies had decided on the final partition of the Ottoman state. This book deals with this topic.

Ever since the Third Partition in 1795 brought Polish independence to an end, nationalists had sought the restoration of their country, and the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 did indeed produce the modern Polish state.

Shows how the British cultivated the Hashemite Sherifs of Mecca more as an alternative focus during the First World War for Muslim loyalty from the Ottoman Sultan, who as Caliph had declared a jihad against the Allies when the Turks joined the Central Powers, than a leader of an independent and united Arabia.

The US politician Herbert Hoover described Russia as Banquo's ghost' at the Paris Peace Conference, an invisible but influential presence, and nowhere can this be more clearly seen than in the deliberations over the Baltic States. This title deals with the Baltic States.

The Arab-Israeli conflict has been one of the most defining features of recent world history, flaring up into open war fare yet again in Gaza at the end of 2008 and provoking large-scale demonstrations in the streets of cities across the world.

Austria is often overlooked as one of the successor states to the Habsburg Empire. The Socialist politician Karl Renner (1870 1950) was prime minister of the government that took power in Vienna after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The author gives an account of Karl Renner's adroit handling of a difficult situation.

The Greek Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos (1864-1936) was one of the stars of the Paris Peace Conference, impressing many of the Western delegates, already possessed of a romantic view of 'the grandeur that was Greece', with his charm and oratorical style.

Jan Smuts was one of the key figures behind the creation of the League of Nations; Wilson was inspired by his ideas, including the mandates scheme. He pleaded for a magnanimous peace, warning that the treaty of Versailles would lead to another war.

The Great War profoundly affected both New Zealand and its Prime Minister William Massey (1856-1925). Farmer Bill oversaw the dispatch of a hundred thousand New Zealanders, including his own sons, to Middle Eastern and European battlefields. In 1919 he led the New Zealand delegation to the Paris Peace Conference.

The First World War marked the emergence of the Dominions on the world stage as independent nations, none more so than Australia. Australia was represented at Versailles by the Prime Minister, the colourful Billy Hughes. Hughes was also the most vociferous opponent of the racial equality clause put forward by Japan.

Portugal's poor military performance in the First World War, notably in Africa, restricted Afonso Costa's (1871-1937) ability to secure his diplomatic aims which, in any case, were highly unrealistic. Nevertheless, his loyal press in Portugal described him as the leader of the small nations', and reported his every statement as a major triumph.

The Versailles Settlement is widely considered to have set the world on the path to a second major conflict within a generation. This book, updated with new material to mark the centenary of WWI, sets the consequences - for good or ill - of the Peace Treaties into their longer term context.