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This book explores the application of external physical fields to the solidification processing of metallic alloys. Throughout, all chapters are illustrated with both historical and very recent research cases, including typical examples of in-situ studies, modeling, and simulation.

The updated and expanded second edition of this book explores the physical and mechanical properties of carbon fibers and their composites, their manufacture and processing, and their current and emerging applications.

This book discusses the tribological, rheological and optical properties of liquid-crystal nanomaterials as well as lubricant media. It also describes the formation of liquid-crystal materials and the application of cholesteric liquid-crystal compounds in technical friction units and in human and animal joints.

This revised, updated and expanded new edition presents an overview of biomimetics and biologically inspired structured surfaces. The focus in the book is on the Lotus Effect, Salvinia Effect, Rose Petal Effect, Oleophobic/philic Surfaces, Shark Skin Effect, and Gecko Adhesion.

This book is intended to serve as core text or handy reference on two key areas of metallic materials: (i) mechanical behavior and properties evaluated by mechanical testing;

The purpose of this book is to show how general principles afford insight into laser processes. The principles may be from fundamental physical theory or from direct observation, but understanding of the general characteristics of a process is essential.

This volume covers the basics and applications of thermoelectricity and thermoelectric materials. It presents the theory in sufficient detail to enable researchers to understand their observations and develop improved thermoelectric materials.

This book reviews the current status of semiconductor materials for conversion of sunlight to electricity, and highlights advances in both basic science and manufacturing.  Photovoltaic (PV) solar electric technology will be a significant contributor to world energy supplies when reliable, efficient PV power products are manufactured in large volumes at low cost.  Expert chapters cover the full range of semiconductor materials for solar-to-electricity conversion, from crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon to cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium sulfide selenides, dye sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, and environmentally friendly copper zinc tin sulfide selenides. The latest methods for synthesis and characterization of solar cell materials are described, together with techniques for measuring solar cell efficiency. Semiconductor Materials for Solar Photovoltaic Cells presents the current state of the art as well as key details about future strategies to increase the efficiency and reduce costs, with particular focus on how to reduce the gap between laboratory scale efficiency and commercial module efficiency. This book will aid materials scientists and engineers in identifying research priorities to fulfill energy needs, and will also enable researchers to understand novel semiconductor materials that are emerging in the solar market. This integrated approach also gives science and engineering students a sense of the excitement and relevance of materials science in the development of novel semiconductor materials.·         Provides a comprehensive introduction to solar PV cell materials ·         Reviews current and future status of solar cells with respect to cost and efficiency ·         Covers the full range of solar cell materials, from silicon and thin films to dye sensitized and organic solar cells ·         Offers an in-depth account of the semiconductor material strategies and directions for further research ·         Features detailed tables on the world leaders in efficiency demonstrations ·         Edited by scientists with experience in both research and industry

This book covers various aspects of lasers in materials science, including a comprehensive overview on basic principles of laser-materials interactions and applications enabled by pulsed laser systems.

This book explains friction micro-dynamics, gives a survey of dynamic micro-processes in solids, and presents the idea of relativistic tribology. It also discusses the physical structure of solids tribo-surfaces.

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the field of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells and modules.

This book is the first to provide a comprehensive introduction to the synthesis, optical properties, and photonics applications of tellurite glasses.

Authored by many of the world's leading experts on high-Tc superconductivity, this volume presents a panorama of ongoing research in the field, as well as insights into related multifunctional materials.

This book presents the physico-technical basis and current state of the technology of boronized layers. This is important for the mining industry, agriculture, textile and chemical industry. The book is important for thermochemical treatment and surface hardening of metals and alloys.

This book provides a comprehensiveoverview of the theory and practical development of metamaterial-based perfectabsorbers (MMPAs). The theoretical background and fundamental working principles ofMMPAs are then discussed, providing the necessary background on how MMPAs workand are constructed.

This book presents the basics and applications of photonic materials. The book includes fundamental aspects with a particular focus on the application of photonic materials. The field of photonic materials is both a burgeoning, and mature field.

This book is about applied materials research in industry. The chapters, written by senior people from large companies, include successful manufacturing undertakings, several distinct and unresolved manufacturing challenges, with the focus on approaches, timelines and the skills needed for future company research and development.

This book discusses in detail the recent trends in Computational Physics, Nano-physics and Devices Technology. Numerous modern devices with very high accuracy, are explored In conditions such as longevity and extended possibilities to work in wide temperature and pressure ranges, aggressive media, etc. This edited volume presents 32 selected papers  of the 2013 International Conference on Science & Engineering in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics. The book is divided into three scientific Sections: (i) Computational Physics, (ii) Nanophysics and Technology, (iii) Devices and Systems and is addressed to Professors, post-graduate students, scientists and engineers taking part in R&D of nano-materials, ferro-piezoelectrics, computational Physics and devices system, and also different devices based on broad applications in different areas of modern science and technology.

The behavior of nanoscale materials can change rapidly with time either because the environment changes rapidly or because the influence of the environment propagates quickly across the intrinsically small dimensions of nanoscale materials.

This book presents a unified approach to understanding the diverse phenomena observed at metal-dielectric interfaces. It offers a clear account of the relationship between interface science and its applications in interconnect structures.

This book examines the physics of transformation of internal structures of diamonds subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure treatment and discusses how these transformations can be detected using methods of optical microscopy and spectroscopy.

The book provides an introduction to all aspects of the physics of quasicrystals. The study of defects in quasicrystals by high resolution electron microscopy and the computer simulations of defects and fracture in decorated tilings are important subjects for the application of these aperiodic crystals.

This book contains a comprehensive review of CMP (Chemical-Mechanical Planarization) technology, one of the most exciting areas in the field of semiconductor technology. The leading edge issues of damascene and new dielectrics as well as slurryless technology are discussed.

Aimed at researchers and graduate students, this book provides up-to-date information about the electronic interactions that impact the optical properties of rare earth ions in solids.

This book delivers a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of several types of materials that are widely used in the current era of supercapacitors;

This book deals with a group of architectured materials. Through its 14 chapters, the book provides definitions and descriptions of the archetypes of architectured materials and addresses the various techniques in which they can be designed, optimized, and manufactured.