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This graduate-level textbook deals with different aspects of plane mirrors and mirror-related symmetries. It provides us with some new ways of understanding symmetries in crystals and the mirror combination schemes. The inclusion of topics such as the Wigner¿Seitz unit cell, reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones, diffraction of crystals, etc., based on the mirror combination scheme, are extremely helpful in understanding many other concepts in crystallography. A mirror is the only fundamental symmetry in crystals, and all other permissible symmetries in crystalline solids can be derived from suitable combinations of mirrors, called derived symmetries. A rudimentary knowledge of symmetry in crystallography is essential to students, researchers, and professionals in many subjects in science and technology: physics, chemistry, mathematics, molecular biology, geology, metallurgy, and particularly materials science and mineralogy.

This book covers the flux pinning mechanisms and properties and the electromagnetic phenomena caused by the flux pinning common for metallic, high-Tc and MgB2 superconductors. The condensation energy interaction known for normal precipitates or grain boundaries and the kinetic energy interaction proposed for artificial Nb pins in Nb-Ti, etc., are introduced for the pinning mechanism. Summation theories to derive the critical current density are discussed in detail. Irreversible magnetization and AC loss caused by the flux pinning are also discussed. The loss originally stems from the ohmic dissipation of normal electrons in the normal core driven by the electric field induced by the flux motion.The influence of the flux pinning on the vortex phase diagram in high Tc superconductors is discussed, and the dependencies of the irreversibility field are also described on other quantities such as anisotropy of superconductor, specimen size and electric field strength. Recent developments of critical current properties in various high-Tc superconductors and MgB2 are introduced.The 3rd edition has been thoroughly updated, with a new chapter on critical state model. The mechanism of irreversible properties is discussed in detail. The author provides calculations of pinning loss by the equation of motion of flux lines in the pinning potential and hysteresis loss. The readers will learn why the resultant loss is of hysteresis type in spite of such mechanism. This book aims for graduate students and researchers studying superconductivity as well as engineers working in electric utility industry.

The book details how optical transitions in the active materials, such as semiconductor quantum dots and quantum wells, can be described using a quantum approach to the dynamics of solid-state electrons under quantum confinement and their interaction with phonons, as well as their external pumping by electrical currents.

The book details how optical transitions in the active materials, such as semiconductor quantum dots and quantum wells, can be described using a quantum approach to the dynamics of solid-state electrons under quantum confinement and their interaction with phonons, as well as their external pumping by electrical currents.

This monograph presents an intuitive theory of trial wave functions for strongly interacting fermions in fractional quantum Hall states. The correlation functions for the proposed fermion interactions follow a novel algebraic approach that harnesses the classical theory of invariants and semi-invariants of binary forms.

This book provides an overview of recent developments in experiments probing the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states of the second Landau level, especially the \nu=5/2 state. The experimental part of this book gives practical advice for solving the experimental challenges which researchers studying highly fragile FQH states are faced with.

The first of its kind on the topic, this book presents a unified description of topological insulators in one, two and three dimensions based on the modified Dirac equation. Discusses topological invariants and their applications to a variety of systems.

Central approximations as Hedin's GW and the T-matrix approximation are discussed.(iv) The fourth part is focused on response functions measured in optical and loss spectroscopies and neutral pair or collective excitations.

Powerful computers now enable scientists to model the physical and chemical properties and behavior of complex materials using first principles. This book introduces dramatically new computational techniques in materials research, specifically for understanding molecular dynamics.

This volume outlines how absorption spectroscopy is important to the investigation of deep-level centers introduced in semiconductors and insulators. It also explains how vibrational spectroscopy determines the atomic structure and symmetry of complexes.

The first edition of this book was written in 1961 when I was Morris Loeb Lecturer in Physics at Harvard. I have felt that graduate students or others beginning research in magnetic resonance needed a book which really went into the details of calculations, yet was aimed at the beginner rather than the expert.

Describing space-charge effects in semiconductors, this text moves from basic principles to advanced application in semiconducting devices. It uses detailed analyses of the transport, Poisson, and continuity equations to show the behavior of solution curves.

This book covers electron transport in the materials and structures at the basis of micro- and nano-electronics. It offers step-by-step derivation of all calculations, from basic laws of classical and quantum physics to modern theoretical technique.

This comprehensive book reports on recent investigations of lattice imperfections in semiconductors by means of positron annihilation. It reviews positron techniques, and describes the application of these techniques to various kinds of defects, such as vacancies, impurity vacancy complexes and dislocations.

Devoted to the simplest kind of Green's functions, namely the solutions of linear differential equations with a -function source. This book demonstrates the powerful and unifying formalism of Green's functions across many applications, including transport properties, carbon nanotubes, and photonics and photonic crystals.

The book gives a comprehensive account of magnetism. It spans the historical development, the physical foundations and discusses new and continuing research underlying the field. Magnetism's fundamental physical concepts are reviewed in a coherent fashion.

The state-of-the-art of quantum transport and quantum kinetics in semiconductors, plus the latest applications, are covered in this monograph.

Describes the central aspects of diffusion in solids, and goes on to provide easy access to important information about diffusion in metals, alloys, semiconductors, ion-conducting materials, glasses and nanomaterials. This book covers diffusion-controlled phenomena including ionic conduction, grain-boundary and dislocation pipe diffusion.

Physical Acoustics in the Solid State reviews the modern aspects in the field, including many experimental results, especially those involving ultrasonics. After a review of the relevant experimental techniques and an introduction to the theory of elasticity, the book details applications in the various fields of condensed matter physics.

This updated second edition of the basic theoretical book on low dimensional systems and nanostructures delivers a comprehensive survey of the main features of LCAO methods for first principle calculations of the electronic structure of periodic systems.

This book presents the most important advances in the class of topological materials and discusses the topological characterization, modeling and metrology of materials.

This book presents both experimental and theoretical aspects of topology in magnetism. It first discusses how the topology in real space is relevant for a variety of magnetic spin structures, including domain walls, vortices, skyrmions, and dynamic excitations, and then focuses on the phenomena that are driven by distinct topology in reciprocal momentum space, such as anomalous and spin Hall effects, topological insulators, and Weyl semimetals. Lastly, it examines how topology influences dynamic phenomena and excitations (such as spin waves, magnons, localized dynamic solitons, and Majorana fermions). The book also shows how these developments promise to lead the transformative revolution of information technology.

It starts from basic approaches to non-equilibrium physics, such as the mean-field approach, then proceeds to more advanced methods, such as dynamical mean-field theory and master equation approaches.

This book presents the latest results of quantum properties of light in the nanostructured environment supporting surface plasmons, including waveguide quantum electrodynamics, quantum emitters, strong-coupling phenomena and lasing in plasmonic structures.

This book covers different aspects of the physics of iron-based superconductors ranging from the theoretical, the numerical and computational to the experimental ones.

It starts from basic approaches to non-equilibrium physics, such as the mean-field approach, then proceeds to more advanced methods, such as dynamical mean-field theory and master equation approaches.

This book presents the most important advances in the class of topological materials and discusses the topological characterization, modeling and metrology of materials.

This volume presents, for the very first time, an exhaustive collection of those modern numerical methods specifically tailored for the analysis of Strongly Correlated Systems.

Furthermore, it covers the entire field: bulk semiconductors, two-dimensional semiconductor structures, quantum dots, optical and electric effects, spin-related effects, electron-nuclei spin interactions, Spin Hall effect, spin torques, etc.