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This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Caroline M. Apovian and Nawfal Istfan, is devoted to Obesity. Articles in this comprehensive issue include: Guidelines for Obesity Management; Obesity is a Disease; Pharmacotherapy for Obesity; Bariatric Surgery Mechanisms; Diabetes Treatment in the Patient with Obesity; Adipose Tissue: Inflammation and the Endocrine Organ; Behavioral Treatment of the Patient with Obesity; The Role of Macronutrient Content in the Diet for Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance; Substrate Oxidation and Brown Adipose Tissue; Brown and Beige Adipose Tissue: Therapy for Obesity?; Ethnic Differences in Diabetes Lipids HTN and Obesity; Genetics of Bariatric Surgery Outcomes; Leptin and Hormones: Energy Homeostatis; Bariatric Surgery Clinical Outcomes; Medical Devices for Obesity; Adolescent Bariatric Surgery; Psychological Aspects of Obesity; and Nutrient Timing.

This issue of the Clinics in Laboratory Medicine on "Pharmacogenomics” is being edited by Drs. Roland Valdes and Kristen Reynolds and will cover a wide variety of topics, including but not limited to, fundamentals of pharmacology, a review of pharmacogenetics guidelines, pharmacogenetic testing in pain management, pharmacogenetics of pain management, clinical and economic impact of pharmacogenetic genotyping analysis, exosome analysis in lab medicine, and implementation of pharmacogenetics in developing countries.

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, guest edited by Dr. Michael Malone, is devoted to Allergy Primer for Primary Care. Articles in this issue include: Indoor and Outdoor Allergies; Food Allergies; Insect Allergy; Drug Allergy; Allergic Dermatoses; Allergic Rhinitis; Respiratory Allergic Disorders; Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders; Mastocytosis; Allergy Testing; Allergy Immunotherapy; Anaphylaxis; and Complementary and Alternative Treatment for Allergic Conditions.

This issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics focuses on Ambulatory Sleep Medicine. Article topics include: Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Personalised medicine for Obstructive Sleep Apnea therapies: Are we there yet?, Cardiovascular risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Motor Vehicle Accident risk related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on Neurocognitive function and impact of CPAP; CPAP therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Maximizing adherence including using novel IT based systems; Mandibular advancement splints; Surgical approaches to Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Consequences of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; and more!

This issue of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics will be Part II of II on Substance Use Disorders. Part II will be edited by Drs. Ray Hsiao and Paula Riggs. This portion will focus more on treatments, recovery, and support considerations for adolescents with substance abuse issues. Topics covered include, but are not limited to: screening brief intervention referral treatment in primary care, family-based interventions, motivational enhancement therapy, school-based interventions, contingency management, pharmacotherapy, treatment for children with co-morbid psychiatric issues, special populations, and integration of system of care.

Pediatricians care for children and families from all walks of life. Some are children known from neighborhoods. Others are children from distant lands. Pediatric focus does not stop with the physical care of children but extends to include their mental and social-emotional health and concern about their families. Pediatricians care about how children are doing at home, at school, and in their communities. In this era, children and their families are impacted by social and political changes in their homes (social media and screen time), in their communities (refugee populations and children requiring palliative supports at school), in their health care networks (EMR in every tertiary pediatric center), and in the larger world (multiple military deployments of fathers and mothers). This issue explores the impact of contemporary public health challenges for pediatric care, promising models for caring for chronically ill children, and state of the art therapies for complex childhood conditions.

This issue of Cardiology Clinics on Sports Cardiology, edited by Drs. Aaron Baggish and Andre La Gerche, will cover a variety of aspects related to cardiovascular health and complications related to athletic activity. Topics covered in this issue include, but are not limited to, molecular aspects of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling; sudden cardiac death; atrial fibrillation in endurance athletes; congenital heart disease in athletes; exercise prescription for the athlete with cardiomyopathy; and advanced exercise testing for the sports cardiologist.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Sethu K. Reddy, is devoted to Diabetes. Articles in this issue include: Approach to Multicultural Issues in Diabetes; Clinical Utility of Genetic Testing in T2DM; Utility of CGM - Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Islet Cell Transplantation; Use of Telemedicine; Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis; Microbiome: Role in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Population Management and Diabetes; Pre-diabetes; Metformin: What do we know?; Insulin: Making Sense of Current Options; Nutrition in Diabetes; Bariatric Surgery: Pathophysiology and Outcomes; Future Therapies in Diabetes; Lipodystrophic Syndromes; and In-patient Diabetes Management in the 21st Century.

Despite advances in medical technology and patient safety initiatives, maternal morbidity and mortality rates continue to increase. Maternal mortality trends in the US as reported from the CDC from 1989-2009 demonstrate increasing mortality trends from 7.2 deaths per 100,000 live births in 1987 to 17.8 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2009. To combat this problem, a thorough understanding of the critical medical and surgical issues that are often encountered in pregnancy is essential. Each article addresses a topic relevant to care of the critically ill gravida.

The Guest Editors of this issue have come together with the goal of producing a useful, basic guide on this population for pediatric primary care clinicians. Topics in this issue address: Caring for LGBT Youth & Families in Inclusive and Affirmative Environments; Mental Health and the Development of Sexual Orientation and Gender in Children and Adolescents; What the Primary care Pediatrician Needs to Know about Gender Variance in Children and Adolescents; Clinical Implications of Stigma, Minority Stress, and Resilience as Predictors of Health and Mental Health Outcomes; LGBT Youth and Bullying; LGBT Youth and Family Acceptance; HIV, Other Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Sexual Health in LGBT Youth; Substance Abuse Prevention, Assessment & Treatment for LGBT Youth; Body Image and Disordered Eating among LGBT Youth; and Sociocultural Factors and LGBT Youth''s Health-related behavior. Pediatricians will come away with a solid understanding of recognizing and communicating with LGBT children and adolescents.

This issue of Psychiatric Clinics, edited by Dr. James Knoll, is dedicated to violence and the psychological ramifications of violence in a wide array of situations. Subjects covered include, but are not limited to, violence by parents against children; gender and violence; lone wolf terrorists; inpatient violence; neuroimaging violence; workplace violence; gun violence; the military perspective on violence; homicides; suicides; sex offender risk and management; and psychopharmacology.

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Edward Frohlich, is devoted to Hypertension. Articles in this outstanding issue include The Kidney in Hypertension; Heart: Fibrosis, Apoptosis, and Cardiac Failure; Myocardial Ischemia; Oxidative Stress and Hypertensive Diseases; Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy; Aging and Hypertension; Target Organs and Microbiological Considerations in Hypertensive Diseases; Obesity and Sodium Considerations; Diabetes, Hypertension and Cardiorenal Syndrome; Renal Arterial Disease; Cardiac Transplantation and Hypertensive Diseases; Cardiac Failure: Old and New Challenges; Diastolic Dysfunction and Hypertension; Stiffening of Large Arteries; Genetics and Mechanisms; New Guidelines for Hypertensive Diseases; and Local Renin Angiotensin Systems.

Dr. Quigley has created a must-have reference on the gut microbiome for the practicing gastroenterologist. A leader in the field of human physiology and digestive disorders, he has laid out the basics on this increasingly important topic, devoting articles to the organization and biology of the human gut microbiome as well as its diagnostic potential. Top international authors have presented articles that discuss the intersection of the gut microbiome and diet and the gut-brain axis. Clinical implications of the gut microbiome are discussed with disease states like IBD, GI cancer, and liver diseases. Finally, the issue ends with the cutting-edge clinical innovation of fecal microbial transplantation. This issue bridges the gap between science and clinical practice and should be an important reference to practicing gastroenterologists.

Dr. Mimouni and Dr. Koletzko have assembled some of the world''s leaders on breast milk for preterm infants to provide a current overview of the benefits and barriers. Authors address the following  topics: Preterm human milk macronutrient composition; Bed-side human milk analysis in the NICU; Human milk fortification; DHA supplements; Potential benefits of bioactive proteins in human milk for preterm infants; New insights into variations of metabolite and hormone contents in human milk; Immune properties of human milk in relation to preterm infant feeding; Human milk oligosaccharides; Treatment and quality of banked human milk; Use of donor milk: collection, storage and safety; Postnatal CMV infection through human milk in preterm infants: Transmission, clinical presentation, and prevention; NEC and human milk feeding; Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants fed human milk; Evidence-based methods that promote human milk feeding of preterm infants; and Human flavor learning: the breastfeeding experience. Lactiation consultants, NICU nurses, and neonatologists will find these clinical review articles to be very valuable.

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, guest edited by Drs. Vincent Morelli, Roger Zoorob, and Joel J. Heidelbaugh, is devoted to Primary Care of the Medically Underserved. This outstanding issue includes the following articles: Primary Care Issues in Rural Populations; Primary Care Issues in Inner City America and Internationally; Medical Care for Undocumented Immigrants: National and International Issues; Pediatric and Adolescent Issues in Underserved Populations; Women''s Health issues in Underserved Populations; Geriatric Care Issues: American and International Perspectives; Medical Care of the Homeless: An American and International Issue; Cardiovascular Issues in the Underserved; Occupational Health and Sleep Issues in Underserved Populations; Infectious Diseases Issues in Underserved Populations; Cancer in the Underserved; Psychological Issues in Underserved Populations; Substance Abuse Issues Amongst the Underserved: American and International Perspectives; Diet and Obesity Issues in the Underserved; Exercise/Sports Medicine Issues in Underserved Populations; A Global Perspective on Climate Change and Health in Underserved Populations; and International Comparisons in Underserved Health: Issues, Policies, Needs and Projections.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, edited by Drs. Ravi Mandapati, Kalyanam Shivkumar, and Seshadri Balaji, will cover the latest in Cardiac Arrhythmias in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease. Topics covered in this issue include, but are not limited to Brady arrhythmia; Supraventricular Tachycardia in Adult Congenital Heart Disease; Atrial defects, Ebsteins; Drug therapy; Devices; and Surgery.

This issue of Critical Care Clinics focuses on Psychiatric Aspects of Critical Care Medicine. Editor Jose Maldonado has assembled an expert team of authors on topics such as: Psychiatric Aspects of Organ Transplantation in Critical Care; Medical Complications of Psychiatric Treatment; Psychiatric and Palliative Care in the ICU; Psychiatric Aspects of Heart and Lung Disease in Critical Care; Alcohol Withdrawal Syndromes: Assessment and Management; Substance Abuse and Withdrawal in the Critical Care Setting; Mood Disorders and The Outcome of Suicidal Thoughts and Attempts; Anxiety Disorders and the Outcomes of Trauma; Assessment and Management of Toxidromes in the Critical Care Unit; Neuropsychiatric Consequences of Trauma and Head Injury; Detection and Management of Pre-Existing Cognitive Impairment in the Critical Care Unit; Delirium: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment; Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Infectious Processes.

The Guest Editors, coming from the Critical Care Medicine Department in the NIH, are the top thought leaders in the area of infections in critical care. Their topic selections in this issue reflect the most clinically relevant and current information. The issue specifically covers the following topics: Catheter-related bloodstream infections: special considerations in diagnosis in the ICU; Sepsis-How does the new definition help clinicians; Therapeutic drug monitoring of antibiotics; High containment pathogen preparation; Multidrug resistant gram negative infections and enterococcus; Strategies to prevent transmission of resistant organisms; Antibiotic Stewardship: What the intensivist should know; C. Difficile infection in the ICU; Immunocompromised critically ill; Rapid diagnostics: The use of procalcitonin; Respiratory viruses in the ICU: Significance of rhino/rsv updates/adenovirus metapneumovirus; Management of invasive fungal disease in the ICU; Inhaled/Nebulized antibiotics. Infectious disease physicians and intensivists will be armed with the information they need to diagnose and treat patients with infections in the ICU.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, guest edited by Drs. J. Chris Gallagher and Daniel Bikle, is devoted to Vitamin D. Articles in this issue include: The Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Action of Vitamin D, Worldwide Review of Serum 25OHD Status; RDA Update (7 Years Post IOM); The Use of Vitamin D Metabolites and Analogs in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease; Effect of Vitamin D on Falls and Physical Performance; Vitamin D Effect on BMD and Fractures; Bariatric Surgery and Vitamin D Metabolism, Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer; Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Disease; Regulation of Immune Function by Vitamin D and its Use in Diseases of Immunity; Genetic Diseases of Vitamin D Metabolizing Enzymes; Measurement of Vitamin D Metabolites: Clinical Issues; The Free 25OHD Hypothesis, and Ethnic/Racial Differences in Vitamin D Levels: Physiologic or Pathologic.

This timely issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, edited by Drs. Paul Weigle and Kristopher Kaliebe will focus on Internet Habits and Youth Mental Health. Topics discussed in the volume include, but are not limited to: Creation of a family media plan: how tech affects family dynamics and family therapy; Interplay between media habits and development from preschool through adolescence; Interplay between Autism and media habits; Interplay between Depression and media habits including online expression of suicidality and cutting; Interplay between Behaviorally disordered youth and media habits, including violent VG, cyberbullying; Eating disorders, obesity and online engagement; Internet Gaming Disorder (and tech addictions) Treatment; Sexting and online pornography engagement; Interplay between disadvantaged, gender non-conforming and minority youth and media habits; and Media sub-cultures and their intersection with mental illness.

This issue will provide a current update on diagnosis, treatment, and management of children with being hematological disorders. Dr. Callaghan has put together a comprehensive issue with clinical reviews written by top experts in the field. Articles are devoted to the following topics: Hemophilia; Sickle cell acute chest; Sickle cell drugs; Sickle cell gene therapy; Sickle cell menses and pain; Pediatric DVT; Atypical HUS; von Willebrand Disease; Female bleeding; Functional platelet disorders; Hemolytic anemia; Advocacy in hematology; ITP; and Acquired aplastic anemia. Readers will come away with the current clinical information they need to improve clinical outcomes.

This issue of Physician Assistant Clinics, guest edited by Laura A. Kirk, MSPAS, PA-C, is devoted to Otolaryngology. Articles in this issue include: Hyperparathyroidism: Workup and Treatment; "Sinus" Headaches: Sinusitis vs. Migraine; Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss; ENT Manifestations of Sarcoidosis; Pediatric Otitis Media; Evaluation and Management of Adult Neck Masses; Vestibular Migraine; Pediatric Sleep Disordered Breathing; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV); Infectious and Inflammatory Salivary Disease; Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Neck Masses: An Otolaryngology Perspective; and Indications for Cochlear Implantation.

This issue of Anesthesiology Clinics focuses on Quality Improvement and Implementation Science, with topics including: Applying implementation science principles to perioperative care; Emergency checklists in perioperative care; Human factors applied to perioperative process improvement; Handoffs in perioperative care; Use of simulation in performance improvement; Developing capacity to do improvement science work; Developing multicenter registries to advance quality science; Rethinking clinical workflow; data-driven quality improvement; and Scaling quality improvement at the health system level.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Michael Mingzhao Xing, is dedicated to Thyroid Cancer. Topics include, but are not limited to, Current Histological Classification of Thyroid Cancer, Molecular Pathogenesis and Mechanisms of Thyroid Cancer, Clinical Diagnostic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules, Molecular Diagnostic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules, Clinical Risk Stratification of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Molecular Risk Stratification of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Conventional Thyroidectomy in the Treatment of Primary Thyroid Cancer, Neck Dissection in the Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Cancer, Conventional Robotic Endoscopic Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer, Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer, Conventional Radioiodine Therapy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Re-differentiation of Radioiodine-refractory Thyroid Cancer for Radioiodine Treatment, Management of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma, Conservative Surveillance Management of Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma, Thyroid-stimulating Hormone Suppression Therapy in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Diagnostic Imaging Testing in the Surveillance of Thyroid Cancer Recurrence, Novel Drug Treatments of Progressive Radioiodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Management of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, and Management of Medullary Thyroid cancer.

This issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, guest edited by Drs. Michael Malone and Kevin Biese, is devoted to Care for the Older Adult in the Emergency Department. Articles in this outstanding issue include: Approach to the Older Patient in the Emergency Department; Ten Best Practices for Older Adults in the Emergency Department; Delirium and Dementia; Falls and Geriatric Trauma; Older Adults in the Emergency Department with Frailty; Communication Strategies to Better Care for Older Individuals in the Emergency Department; Systems-based Practice to Improve Care Within and Beyond the Emergency Department; Common Medication Management Approaches for Older Adults in the Emergency Department; Elder Abuse and Neglect; Care of those with end-of-life needs / Advanced illnesses in the Emergency Department; Behavioral Health Needs of Older Adults in the Emergency Department; and Pain Management Strategies for Older Adults.

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, guest edited by Dr. Diane M. Harper, is devoted to Women''s Health. Articles in this issue include: Social Constructs of How Women View and Obtain Their Healthcare; Becoming Reproductive; Family Planning and Contraception; Termination of Pregnancy; Female Athlete Triad; Menopause; Bone Health in Women; Cancers in Women; Cancer Survivor Health Needs for Women; Women''s Health and the Military; Transgendered Women: Female to Male and Male to Female; Plastic Surgery for Women; Integrative Health for Women; Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care for Women; and Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) Considerations for Women with Opiate Addiction Disorders.

This issue of Cardiology Clinics, edited by Dr. Andrew M. McCoy, will focus on Resuscitation. Topics include, but are not limited to Improving survival in your community, Compression only CPR, Dispatch, CRP quality issues, Drugs in OHCA, Mechanical CPR, DSeD, Nuances of Airway Management in OHCA, refractory/recurrent VF, future of OHCA care, and more.

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics focuses on Hematology and Oncology Emergencies, with topics including: Cardiovascular toxicities of cancer therapies; The latest cancer agents and their complications; Infections in the cancer patient; Pediatric oncologic emergencies; Rapid fire oncologic emergencies; Rapid fire hypercalcemia; Rapid fire sickle cell disease; Rapid fire SVC Syndrome; The Cancer ED; EM Oncology Fellowship; Anticoagulation Reversal; and Rapid Fire Blast Crisis/Hyperviscosity.

This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics, edited by Dr. Colin A. Sieff, will focus on Bone Marrow Failure. Topics include, but are not limited to, Acquired and Inherited Bone Marrow Failure; Kickapoo Joy Juice and Somatic Mutations in the Pathogenesis of AA; Somatic Mutations in Aplastic Anemia; Recent Advances and Long-term Results of Medical Treatment of AA; Upfront Matched Unrelated Donor Transplantation in AA; Significance of Clonal Mutations in the Diagnosis and Management of Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Alternate (Haploidental) Donor Transplantation in AA; Management of Diamond Blackfan Anemia and Prospects for Novel Treatment; MDS, AML and Cancer Surveillance in Fanconi Anemia; Diagnosis, Treatment  and Molecular Pathology of Shwachman Diamond Syndrome; Clinical Implications of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Dyskeratosis congenita; and Germline GATA2 Mutations and Bone Marrow Failure.