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Not only scientific research, but also modern-day social life, is demonstrating a strongly renewed interest in ¿chance¿ ¿ a theme that has accompanied the whole history of human thought. This volume brings together many of the topics in which chance, or randomness, plays a significant role. The interest in randomness has been accentuated by the emergence of theories and concrete phenomena, which appear to be homing in upon the complex, many-sided, multidimensional and uncertain aspects of reality, such as the dynamics of living or economic systems, or of technological and political trends. Furthermore, in scientific and technological fields, there is a growing need for ¿good¿ random sequences of numbers or symbols for use in simulation or testing activities, cryptographic methods, and so on.