Bøker av National Research Council

Human reproductive cloning is an assisted reproductive technology that would be carried out with the goal of creating a newborn genetically identical to another human being. This work considers the scientific and medical sides of this issue and ethical issues that pertain to human-subjects research.

Provides an exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. This book also presents an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells.

Explores the potential of networked systems of embedded computers and the research challenges arising from embedding computation and communications technology into a variety of applications. This book describes how these emerging networks operate under constraints not present in more traditional distributed systems, such as the Internet.

Provides an overview of what we know about behavior, pain, and distress in laboratory animals. This volume explores topics such as stressors in the laboratory and the animal behaviors they cause and a review of euthanasia of lab animals - exploring the decision, the methods, and the emotional effects on technicians.

Looks at how mathematical research and methods have made possible discoveries in biology. This volume explores how differential geometry, topology, and differential mechanics have allowed to explore DNA's double helix to understand the phenomenon of supercoiling. It explains how mathematical tools reveal the workings of enzymes and proteins.

Examines the complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. This book proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, and obesity.

Explores how the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. This volume explores the "default option" and other concepts. It is meant for the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, and students.

Reviews relevant materials, describes each technique, makes recommendations in some cases for scientific research and investigation, and notes applications in military and industrial settings. This book contains techniques that address a range of goals, from enhancing classroom learning to improving creativity and motor skills.

Provides a survey of what is known about injuries, and suggests that there is a vast need to know more. This book traces findings on the epidemiology of injuries, prevention of injuries, injury biomechanics and the prevention of impact injury, treatment, rehabilitation, and administration of injury research.

Brings together the research on protein absorption by ruminants and takes a look at the calculation of optimum nutrient requirements, including bacterial digestion, in the calculations. This book also describes the parameters of nitrogen conversion in the ruminant and examines the different kinds of protein found in animal feedstuffs.

Examines the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. This book presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. It includes recommendations for areas of further research.

In the quest to reduce costs and improve the efficiency of water and wastewater services, many communities in the United States are exploring the potential advantages of privatization of those services. This book evaluates the policy implications of privatization and the efficiencies that may be gained by contracting with private water utilities.

This text present a comprehensive review of the current scientific evidence and theoretical knowledge to fully understand what is known about abrupt climate change.

Aging is a process that encompasses virtually all aspects of life. This work looks at the behavioral and socio-economic aspects of aging; and focuses on work, retirement, and pensions; wealth and savings behavior; health and disability; intergenerational transfers; and concepts of well-being.

We are at a special moment in our journey to understand the universe and the physical laws that govern it. In this text, the Committee on the Physics of the Universe has posed 11 questions that encapsulate the most pressing physics issues that we face.

Presents the results of studies of hazardous wastes in the air, water, soil, and food, and examines the potential of biological markers in health risk assessment. This volume is of interest to toxicologists, environmental health professionals, epidemiologists, and other biologists.

Explores the mortality patterns in humanitarian emergencies of forced migration, by examining four recent case studies: Rwanda, North Korea, Kosovo and Cambodia. The text highlights the need for research in this field.

Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach if it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process. This book, written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, is sponsored by the US Department of Energy, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in 8 other countries.

Evaluate how marine protected areas can be employed to support specific conservation needs of marine and coastal waters. This work compares conventional management of marine resources with proposals to augment these management strategies with a system of protected areas. It argues that implementation of MPAs should be incremental and adaptive.

Examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. This work draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of intervention strategies. It offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of information.

The Mathematics Teacher Preparation Content Workshop activities focused on using actual acts of teaching such as examining student work, designing tasks, or posing questions, as a medium for teacher learning. This work is a collection of the papers presented, the activities, and plenary sessions that took place.

A study of the status and future of marine biotechnology. It addresses the question of where the federal government should invest its limited funds and what future initiatives should be planned.