Bøker av Plato

Plato's conversation is known as Cratylus (Ancient Greek: Kratylos). In it, Socrates is questioned about whether names are ""conventional"" or ""natural,"" or if language is merely a set of random signals, or if words have an essential connection to the things they symbolize. The majority of contemporary academics concur that it was mostly composed during Plato's supposedly middle era.As an artist employs color to convey the core of his topic in a painting, Socrates compares the production of a word to the labor of an artist in Cratylus. The best way to talk is to use names that are similar to the things they name (that is, names that are appropriate for them), and the worst way to speak is to use names that are not like the things they name.According to one theory, names have developed owing to tradition and convention, thus individuals who use them can replace them with something unrelated. The opposite approach holds that names come about because they express the essence of their topic. Many of the terms that Socrates gives as examples may have originated from a concept that was formerly associated with the name, but they have since evolved.

The Republic, is written by Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher. It is renowned for its detailed description of political and ethical justice and its account of the organization of the ideal state. This seminal work is regarded as one of the most important dialogues. Unlike Socratic dialogues, the Republic reflects the positive views of Plato. Socrates was Plato's teacher and the former is the main character in most of latter's dialogues. The middle dialogues that are literary and philosophical contain sensitive portrayals of characters and their interactions. They display Plato's explorations of philosophy.Plato, in the Republic, undertakes to show what justice is and why it is in each person's best interest to be just. The political discussion is undertaken to aid the ethical one. The ideal state, according to Plato, comprises three social classes: rulers, guardians (or soldiers), and producers (farmers and craftsmen). The rulers, who are philosophers, pursue the good of the entire state on the basis of their knowledge of the form of the Good and the form of the Just.

A.E. Taylor describes Cornford's book as "excellent piece of work, which will be found indispensable by serious students of Plato... Of course the great interest of any new commentary on the "Timaeus" must be in its handling of the metaphysical, astronomical and biological matter of the dialogue and Mr. Cornford's services in connection with all these topics are eminent." First published in 1937, the book is still considered '"...one of the masterpieces of classical scholarship...Contemporary work on the Timaeus will inevitably take Plato's Cosmology as its starting point" - Charles H Kahn, University of Pennsylvania.