Bøker av Sandeep Kumar

The self-contained properties of discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) render them powerful functional materials for many semiconducting device applications and models for energy and charge migration in self-organized dynamic functional soft materials. The past three decades have seen tremendous interest in this area, fueled primarily by the possibility of creating a new generation of organic semiconductors and wide viewing displays using DLCs. While a number of books on classical calamitic liquid crystals are available, there are, as yet, no books that are dedicated exclusively to the basic design principles, synthesis, and physical properties of DLCs.The first reference book to cover DLCs, Chemistry of Discotic Liquid Crystals: From Monomers to Polymers highlights the chemistry and thermal behavior of DLCs. Divided into six chapters, each with a general description, background, and context for the concepts involved, the book begins with a basic introduction to liquid crystals, describing molecular self-assembly and various types of liquid crystals. It outlines their classification, covers their history and general applications, and focuses on DLCs and their discovery, structure, characterization, and alignment.The book goes on to examine the chemistry and physical properties of various monomeric DLCs, including 25 sections describing the synthesis and mesomorphic properties of monomeric DLCs formed by different cores. The bulk of the book covers the chemistry and mesomorphism of discotic dimers, oligomers, and polymers and concludes with a look at some applicable properties of DLCs.A comprehensive and up-to-date resource, this book is designed to be accessible and of value not just for students and researchers but also to the directors and principal investigators working in this field, providing the foundation and fuel to advance this fast-growing technological field.

With an increasing demand for biometric systems in various industries, this book on multimodal biometric systems, answers the call for increased resources to help researchers, developers, and practitioners. Multimodal biometric and machine learning technologies have revolutionized the field of security and authentication. These technologies utilize multiple sources of information, such as facial recognition, voice recognition, and fingerprint scanning, to verify an individual s identity. The need for enhanced security and authentication has become increasingly important, and with the rise of digital technologies, cyber-attacks and identity theft have increased exponentially. Traditional authentication methods, such as passwords and PINs, have become less secure as hackers devise new ways to bypass them. In this context, multimodal biometric and machine learning technologies offer a more secure and reliable approach to authentication. This book provides relevant information on multimodal biometric and machine learning technologies and focuses on how humans and computers interact to ever-increasing levels of complexity and simplicity. The book provides content on the theory of multimodal biometric design, evaluation, and user diversity, and explains the underlying causes of the social and organizational problems that are typically devoted to descriptions of rehabilitation methods for specific processes. Furthermore, the book describes new algorithms for modeling accessible to scientists of all varieties. Audience Researchers in computer science and biometrics, developers who are designing and implementing biometric systems, and practitioners who are using biometric systems in their work, such as law enforcement personnel or healthcare professionals.

The traditional treatment for brain cancer includes surgery, Radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The neurosurgeon usually plans the surgery by utilizing two Dimensional MRI images. It is difficult to determine the size and exact location of tumor for safest surgical approach to minimizing permanent damage to normal tissue. In this study such problems are minimized by creating the 3D printed models of brain tumors from medical imaging processing software by utilizing MRI data sets. The data from MRI has been saved as DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine). The 3D model of patient¿s specific brain tumor will be produced by interfacing DICOM data with 3D slicer. 3D printer can produce solid 3D model using STL file generated from 3D slicer. 3D printed model of Brain Tumor could serve as a tool for preoperative surgical planning.

Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening (RCS) process is one of the Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) techniques which introduces a large amount of plastic deformation in a sheet workpiece without significantly changing its cross-sectional geometry. In present work experimentation and Finite Element (FE) study of Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening (RCS) process is being attempted. The work is done in two parts i.e. Finite Element Study and Experimentation work. In the Finite Element study, the effect of triangular and circular teeth effect has been studied and an intermediate teeth design is used. The teeth are of triangular in shape with a rounded top. Experimentation of RCS process is attempted with a 100mm x 100mm x 1 mm of Al6061 sheet. Experimentation was performed for three cycles of RCS process giving 90° Clockwise rotation along the perpendicular axis to the surface after each pass. Three mechanical tests were performed viz. Micro Hardness test, Tensile test and Stiffness test. To study the effect of the process these tests were performed on processed as well as unprocessed sheet sample. The hardness test shows an increase in hardness after every pass.

Medical image fusion is a process which merges information from multiple images of the same scene. The fused image provides appended information that can be utilized for more precise localization of abnormalities. The use of medical image processing databases will help to create and develop more accurate and diagnostic tools.

The book includes fundamental concepts such as introduction and classification of liquid dimers, as well as advance topics including bent-core liquid crystal dimers and discotic-calamitic liquid crystal dimers.