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Reviews the status of the microbiological safety of lipid-based ready-to-use foods (RUFs) and provides guidance to producers on the general approach and requirements for manufacturing RUFs that are safe for their intended use.

This report uses a comprehensive framework for studying health risks that was developed for the World Health Report 2002, which presented estimates for the year 2000. The report provides an update for the year 2004 for 24 global risk factors. It uses updated information from WHO programs and scientific studies for both exposure data and the causal associations of risk exposure to disease and injury outcomes. The burden of disease attributable to risk factors is measured in terms of lost years of healthy life using the metric of the disability-adjusted life year (DALY). The DALY combines years of life lost due to premature death with years of healthy life lost due to illness and disability. Health risks are in transition: populations are ageing owing to successes against infectious diseases; at the same time, patterns of physical activity and food, alcohol and tobacco consumption are changing. Low- and middle-income countries now face a double burden of increasing chronic, noncommunicable conditions, as well as the communicable diseases that traditionally affect the poor.

The monographs in this volume summarize the safety data on 10 pesticides that could leave residues in food commodities. These pesticides are aminocyclopyrachlor, cyflumetofen, dichlobenil, flufenoxuron, imazamox, mesotrione, metrafenone, myclobutanil, pymetrozine and triforine. The data summarized in the toxicological monographs served as the basis for the acceptable daily intakes and acute reference doses that were established by the Meeting.This volume and previous volumes of JMPR toxicological evaluations, many of which were published in the FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper series, contain information that is useful to companies that produce pesticides, government regulatory officers, industrial testing laboratories, toxicological laboratories and universities.

As a new member of WHO Family of International Classifications ICF describes how people live with their health condition. ICF is a classification of health and health related domains that describe body functions and structures activities and participati

WHO in collaboration with the International Commission for Radiologic Education (ICRE) of the International Society of Radiology (ISR) and the other members of the Global Steering Group for Education and Training in Diagnostic Imaging is creating a series

This report considers what can, and should be done to comfort patients suffering from distressing symptoms of advanced cancer. The book draws together the evidence and arguments needed to define clear lines of action, whether by the medical or nursing professions, or by national legislation.

In response to the growing concern about equity issues and their implications for overall development, WHO established the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) in 2005, which focused on the "social justice" or human rights arguments for health investments. CSDH investigated the factors involved in the so-called "social gradient in health", which refers to the large observable differences in health outcomes within and between countries that are determined by avoidable inequalities in the access to resources and power. CSDH aimed to further investigate the causes of health inequities, with a deliberate detachment from economic considerations, and provide advice on how to tackle them effectively. CSDH also reviewed evidence for action on a wider scope of interventions than CMH, many of which require intersectoral collaboration or advocacy. With CMH and CSDH having adopted different but perhaps complementary standpoints, it soon became clear that greater synergies had to be forged between the two. This WHO resource book on the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities seeks to begin to build a bridge between the two approaches by explaining, illustrating and discussing the economic arguments that could (and could not) be put forth to support the case for investing in the social determinants of health on average and in the reduction in socially determined health inequalities. The resource book has two main objectives: * to provide an overview and introduction into how economists would approach the assessment of the economic motivation to invest in the social determinants of health and socially determined health inequities, including what the major challenges are in this assessment; * to illustrate the extent to which an economic argument can be made in favor of investment in three major social determinants of health areas: education, social protection, and urban development and infrastructure.

Contains food additive specifications monographs, analytical methods and other information, prepared at the sixty-eight meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), which was held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 19 to 28 June 2007.