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Work -- Family -- Religious life -- Community -- Sports and recreation -- Arts and entertainment -- Education -- Franco-American pride -- The Acadians.

Essex is nestled on the Atlantic coast within beautifully preserved hills, forest, fields, and wetlands--but the serene landscape belies the town's rich history. According to tradition, the first Essex boat was built in an attic around 1660. Eventually, this shipbuilding industry would create a thriving town as it developed into one of the largest producers of fishing schooners in the country. By its incorporation in 1819, Essex was a renowned community of fishing, farming, shipbuilding, and other industries. Over time, Essex became the birthplace of the fried clam, sent a native son to the baseball major leagues, acquired a Paul Revere church bell, and raised a barn that is now the oldest still in use in America. With a newly gathered collection of vintage images, Essex reveals a microcosm of American culture and growth, telling the story of leading patriots, entrepreneurs, Civil War heroes, and hardworking everyday citizens.

Middleton was first settled in 1651. The town derives its name from its location midway between Danvers and Andover, on a road well traveled in early times. It was once known as Will's Hill, an outlying part of Salem Village. In 1692, Middleton lost one of its residents to a witch hunt. The town grew as a farming community, yet it also had an important ironworks industry in the 1700s. Though a largely bucolic and agrarian community, two railroad lines and one trolley line ran through town, serving bustling industries and people looking for recreational activities. Middleton includes in its quaint history an ancient white oak tree reputed to be over 400 years old; an innovative seed farm, J. H. Gregory's; and an old domicile some say still smells of baked beans. Middleton captures the history of this community's pleasant and social people.

The story begins in 1848, when the Moravian Brethren sold 274 acres of farmland to investors who resold them as building lots. By 1855, Asa Packer had laid the tracks of his Lehigh Valley Railroad along the Lehigh River, bringing coal from Carbon County to markets in New York and Philadelphia. Industries rapidly grew, with the Pennsylvania and Lehigh Zinc Company in 1853 and the Saucona Iron Company in 1857. By 1865, South Bethlehem became a borough. Charles M. Schwab headed the former Iron Company in 1906, renaming it the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, and was instrumental in uniting the Bethlehems as one city in 1918. Countless immigrants shaped the tone of this region. Today the Sands Casino occupies part of the former Bethlehem Steel site. It is the future home of art and music venues that will contribute to a city already known for its historic and cultural heritage.

Floral Park Village, with its boulevards and avenues named for flowers and trees, was a community built around the cultivation, promotion, packaging, and sale of seeds and bulbs. From fields of flowers to streets full of houses with diverse architecture, for more than 100 years Floral Park has continued to be a family-oriented village. At the western edge of Nassau County, with Belmont Park as its neighbor, Floral Park seems very distant from New York City, though it is only a 30-minute train ride away. Floral Park contains photographs from the archives of the Village of Floral Park, the library, and Floral Park Historical Society. These collections yield unique images that tell the story of a community that has retained its appeal for generations.

During its first 200 years, New Garden Township's settlers and citizens reaped the bounty of its natural resources. Granite veins within its the northern ridge, clay deposits under its southern plain, and waterpower coursing through its pitched hills surrounded a fertile central plateau. Toughkenamon, Kaolin, and Landenberg rose to industrial eminence while the village maintained its Quaker and agricultural influences. When the 20th century rendered the creek's mills, mines, and quarries obsolete, New Garden's population and promise shrank with its industry. Then mushroom farming bloomed, and Quaker ingenuity and immigrant ambition built a new, multimillion-dollar agricultural enterprise. New Garden Township provides a visual record of vintage photographs accompanied by archival research and narratives from lifelong residents to intimately depict the township's transformations through the generations.

Brockway, originally called Brockwayville until the name was shortened in 1925, is named after the Brockway family pioneers who settled near the southern bend of Little Toby Creek in 1822. The Brockways were followed by several other settlers, including the "Father of Brockway," Dr. Asaph M. Clarke, who laid out the town in 1836. Farming and lumbering were the original industries, but by 1883, coal mining had brought in the railroads. Railroads introduced more industry, the most famous being the Brockwayville Machine Bottle Company in 1907. Through images from the Brockway Area Historical Society, Brockway and Little Toby Valley chronicles the development of this industrious community.

Freedomland opened on June 19, 1960, in the Baychester section of the Bronx, New York. Designed by Marco Engineering of Los Angeles for International Recreation Corporation, it was the third and largest innovative theme park built across America to mimic Disneyland. Constructed in the shape of the United States and presenting 200 years of American history, Freedomland was intended to be both exciting and educational. Historically themed attractions and costumed cast members were located throughout the seven sections. In addition, Freedomland offered national and local stars, big bands, and daily entertainment events. Professional character actors also worked throughout the park. Through photographs, Freedomland: 1960-1964 takes a tour of all seven sections of Freedomland and more. Although it was open for just five seasons, the park's guests and cast members were fortunate to have their very own "Disneyland of the East."

In 1682, John Sharpless settled in Nether Providence Township on a 1,000-acre tract of land along Ridley Creek that had been granted to him by William Penn. Other settlers soon followed, establishing Nether Providence as a small, successful, farming community. Over the next two centuries, Nether Providence grew into a thriving manufacturing center with 14 operating mills along the township's two creeks. At the turn of the 19th century, Nether Providence became a summer resort area rivaling the Main Line of Philadelphia, with such famous residents as Dr. Horace Howard Furness, a well-regarded Shakespearean scholar and the brother of architect Frank Furness, and Alexander Kelly McClure, the owner of the Philadelphia Times and an assistant adjunct general appointed by Pres. Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. In 2007, Wallingford, the largest community in Nether Providence, was named by Money Magazine as the ninth best place to live in the United States.

The migration of Italians to the area began in 1864 with Raffaele Bracaccini, who was attracted by the beauty of Lake Erie and the countryside. By 1938, Erie's 18,000 Italians comprised the third largest ethnic group. Erie had its own Italian language newspaper from 1915 to 1940. St. Paul's Church was built with the contributions of Italian immigrants. Columbus School, Columbus Park, and Rose Memorial Hospital were established. Societies and businesses flourished. This book contains more than 200 photographs collected from local families representing the collective memory and history of Erie's Italian community from the 1860s to the 1950s.

William J. Staples and his partner, Monthorne Tompkins, purchased a large parcel of land in 1832 to establish their real estate venture. Four years later, the pair initiated ferry service from the waterfront in Stapleton to Manhattan across New York Bay and began advertising their community to attract investors. As lots were sold and the community developed, businesses soon followed. The large influx of German immigrants to the area brought with them an expertise for brewing beer, with the result that Stapleton soon became the epicenter of a large brewing industry. The wealth the breweries attracted to the area resulted in the construction of large homes, mansions, and estates, many of which still stand today along the crests of the area's hilly terrain.

In 1906, Sen. William H. Reynolds purchased an abandoned barrier island along the south shore of Long Island and vowed to turn it into a great city. What is now Long Beach, the "City by the Sea," soon drew visitors who came for its summer resorts, boardwalk, dance pavilions, casino, and luxury hotels. Two world wars, Prohibition, and easy railroad access turned summer residences into year-long homes for thousands eager to live by the seaside and raise families in what has been known as "America's Healthiest City." The images of Long Beach reflect the diversity of the city's architecture, culture, religions, and unique neighborhoods. Photographs show the storied inhabitants and bungalows of the West End, water-lined homes of the canals, the 2.1-mile boardwalk, and long white sand beach.

On November 23, 1893, Judge R. W. Archbald signed the decree making Taylor a borough. A century earlier in 1782, Cornelius Atherton, originally from Massachusetts, became Taylor's first permanent settler on a hill overlooking Keyser Creek. He and his family helped to build what was then a small farming community. The birth of the railroad brought with it a change of industry. In the mid-1850s, the Union Coal Company sank a shaft, built a breaker, and began to ship coal. When the company went out of business, New York City financier Moses Taylor bought up the abandoned coal land and reopened the mines. What was once called Unionville was renamed Taylorville in his honor, and this was later shortened to Taylor. Through vintage images, Taylor documents the many transitions of this tight-knit community.

The Jamaica Estates community evolved with the advent of the 20th century. The verdant hills north of the colonial village of Jamaica were blanketed with forests of deciduous trees and dotted with crystal clear glacial lakes. The area's country beauty and tranquility offered people an escape from the congestion of the crowded city. As the Queensborough Bridge neared completion in 1907, two wealthy real estate speculators, Ernestus Gulick and Felix Isman, envisioned a unique community. Together they imagined a residential park offering people the ability to have homes in an area of breathtaking country beauty while working in the city.

Following World War II, many American cities underwent a large-scale modernization to keep up with the changing times in business technology and architecture. With help from federal funding and planning, expansive and low-density modern projects replaced the crowded blocks of century-old buildings. State-of-the-art facilities featured large, open plazas that were the scenes of social and cultural events, attracting private developers to the city's core. Due to its participation in new policies of planning and the efforts of its strong preservation community, Rochester is today an interesting and sometimes perplexing mixture of densely packed, ornamental-19th-century buildings and monumentally scaled and architecturally stark projects of the modern era. Rochester's Downtown Architecture: 1950-1975 tells the story of the peak years of change to the built environment of Rochester's downtown.

Renowned as part of the Hamptons, the area known today as Westhampton, Westhampton Beach, Quiogue, and West Hampton Dunes was named Catchaponack by the Algonquin tribes who lived in the area when the English sheepherders arrived in the 1660s. A land of breathtakingly beautiful beaches and bays situated on the south shore of Long Island, just 65 miles east of New York City, Westhampton has evolved from an agricultural and fishing village to a summer vacation resort to a year-round oceanfront community. Fortune 500 chief executive officers and celebrities, such as Cary Grant, Charles Addams, and Marvin Hamlisch, have lived quietly amid locals. Together they have survived hurricanes, outlasted raucous night clubs, rebuilt eroded dunes, and fought off real estate developers. Around Westhampton depicts how an area blessed with uncommon physical beauty has managed to remain unspoiled in the face of natural disasters and international fame.

First settled in 1634, and incorporated in 1640, the Town of Braintree has a long and distinguished history. "Old Braintree," which originally encompassed what is now Braintree, Quincy, Randolph, and Holbrook, was the birthplace of John Adams, John Hancock, John Quincy Adams, and Sylvanus Thayer. Primarily a farming community for almost three centuries, Braintree was also home to a number of water-powered mills and businesses, which prospered along the banks of the Monatiquot River. With the arrival of the railroad in the mid-19th century, several manufacturing plants were built near South Braintree Square. Farming and manufacturing have since been replaced by white-collar businesses and retail establishments. Since World War II, Braintree has become home to a larger and increasingly diverse residential and business population, due in part to its proximity to Boston and three major highways. Braintree presents images from the archives of the Braintree Historical Society and includes many previously unpublished photographs.

Following World War II, Puerto Ricans moved to New York in record numbers and joined a community of compatriots who had emigrated decades before or were born in diaspora. In a series of vivid images, Pioneros II: Puerto Ricans in New York City 1948-1998 brings to life their stories and struggles, culture and values, entrepreneurship, and civic, political, and educational gains. The Puerto Rican community's long history and achievements opened pathways for the city's newer Latino immigrant communities.

Pine Hill, originally known as Clementon Heights, became a borough in 1929. It was aptly named by Johanna Burton for its many pine trees and hills. Known in the early years as a health retreat, city doctors would send patients to the area's lakes to rest and enjoy the healthy springwater, fresh air, and hot sands. As word travelled, Pine Hill became a destination for families looking to spend a day away from the city. Stecky's lake and restaurant on Cloverdale Avenue was a popular resort until fire destroyed it in the early 1930s. People from Philadelphia and surrounding areas would travel by trolley and taxi to reach the area. Cars rarely made the trip, as they would require help getting up the steep hill between Clementon and Pine Hill. Cars would have to travel backward up the hill because they had no fuel pumps. Pine Hill is the highest point in South Jersey, and the Philadelphia skyline can be seen from the Pine Hill Golf Club, which was once Ski Mountain ski area.

In the 1700s, the fertile valley lands and wooded hills of Pownal attracted Dutch tenant farmers and English settlers. French Canadians soon arrived in the villages of Pownal to work in the mills, as both adults and children. Later painters and magazines captured the beauty of the land, while hill farmers struggled to make the thin soil produce. Following World War II, a United Nations magazine featured Pownal on its cover as a symbol of the peace so many sought. The photographs in Pownal illustrate the beauty, as well as hardships, associated with rural life. Vintage images of barefooted school students, farmers working their horses, and proud owners of the first automobiles capture the hardworking people of this Vermont community living amid a beauty that tourists seek.

When Oakdale began in the 1680s, it was a woodland wilderness. Following the American Revolution, farmers cleared and worked the land. "Oyster King" Jacob Ockers and his men followed, working the bay. The railroad ushered in wealthy sportsmen to the South Side Sportsmen's Club. Some of these men, like William K. Vanderbilt and William Bayard Cutting, stayed and built palaces for their families. The scene changed starting in the 1920s, bringing flappers, artists, bootleggers, and Broncho Charlie, the last living Pony Express rider. The former mansions of the well-to-do now served as homes to a military academy and a religious cult, while still retaining their turn-of-the-century style.

Nestled in the eastern end of Niagara County are the townships of Royalton and Hartland. The village of Middleport lies mostly within the town of Royalton, with a small part in the town of Hartland. When the Erie Canal was built through Royalton and opened in 1824, it connected the interior of the United States with the Atlantic Ocean, and the entire area was forever changed by the canal. The area earned a reputation as an excellent fruit-farming region and orchards appeared, along with the chemical-spraying industry. Royalton, Hartland, and especially Middleport became extraordinarily important in these two industries, and the canal was the focal point. The Erie Canal continued to be a major shipping factor for the region until the barges discontinued use in the 1950s.

The town of Crawford was initially settled by German, Dutch, Irish, and Scottish families who built mills along the Hudson River tributaries. By the early 1800s, the area was known as "the Butter Capital of the World." Nestled along the base of the Shawangunk Mountains, the town of Crawford has transitioned from a rural farming community to a residential oasis. Along the way, farmlands have become housing developments, local industry has given way to chain stores, and dirt roads have become paved highways. A collection of images from as early as the 1860s depicts the transformation of the communities of Searsville, Bullville, Thompson Ridge, and Pine Bush. Although the surroundings have changed, the hearts of area residents have remained loyal to the small-town ideals that define the town of Crawford.