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A reference for history enthusiasts, scholars and collectors alike, this book offers a comprehensive guide to Gupta Dynasty numismatics. The 2nd edition sees all known Gupta coin issues documented, with updated classifications and notes on their rarity. A revised chronology is presented, using data from coins, inscriptions, seals and copper plates.

The inextricability of the connection between the Roman limes and the lands it ran through is easily observed and perfectly illustrated in Bulgaria. For a considerable distance it follows the Danube; both a major natural obstacle and at the same time a convenient communication route, it was easily defendable and facilitated control of trade routes.

This book examines similarities and differences between art in ancient Indian (Indus) civilizations and that of the Aegean civilizations. The comparison raises questions about possible cross-cultural influences, which became more significant following Alexander's invasion and the subsequent adaptation of Indian art under the Indo-Greek kingdoms.

A selection of fifty papers produced over the course of fifty years, supplemented here with epilogues considering developments in the field since first publication. They cover a wide range of topics in antiquity; Roman provincial archaeology; classical philology; epigraphy; numismatics; archaeobiology; history of medicine; and history of sexuality.

MOLA carried out a programme of archaeological investigations at Magna Park, Lutterworth, Leicestershire (June 2020-March 2021). This work included the recovery of 30 middle Bronze Age cremations at one location, the second largest cemetery of this period yet found in the county.

This book presents the study of a natural region, the Alto Almanzora, in the north of the province of Almería (Spain), in which 6 campaigns of systematic archaeological prospection were carried out. The study considers the societies that occupied the territory for more than 4000 years until the end of the Roman occupation.

This book is focused on the role of thermal establishments with mineral-medicinal waters in the different territories of the Roman Empire, including their symbiosis with the landscape as well as the ways in which their construction was adapted to give greater comfort to those who came to take advantage of their health-giving properties.

Telling the story of Old Sarum and Salisbury, from the mid-10th century to the start of the 20th, this book brings together the most up-to-date thinking on the archaeological evidence, and, through analysis of the rich documentary record, provides a fresh take on the story of this most illustrious cathedral city in the heart of southern England.

Volume 2 compiles papers presented in three enlightening sessions: Session 3 - Visual and Textual Forms of Communication; Session 7 - The Future of the Past. Archaeologists and Historians in Cultural Heritage Studies; and Session 8 - Produce, Consume, Repeat. History and Archaeology of Ancient Near Eastern Economies.

Established in 2006 by the Association for Near Eastern and Caucasian Studies in corporation with the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, AJNES is the only periodical in the Republic of Armenia devoted exclusively to the investigation of ancient and medieval cultures of the Near East and the Caucasus.

This book argues that the development of symbols and signs informing scripts, mainly the idea of coding thoughts through symbols and images, has always been uniquely 'historical.' Rock art abuts and occupies long periods of time in which the translation of indigenous thoughts was perfected through numerous mnemonic practices.

Anthropomorphism could be described as a production of analogies generated by human cognition. It is present in the imaginary, mythologies, religions, and material culture of all ages. This book approaches anthropomorphism from the moment of anthropogenesis, tracing its presence in nature and material culture in prehistory and Antiquity.

Fully revised and expanded for a new Third Edition, this book traces the Greek origins of torsion catapults, describes the machines used from the time of Sulla and Caesar, the Roman improvements in their design and power, and their importance in the defence of the Roman Empire.

This study considers the relationship between geography and power in the Roman world, most particularly the visualisation of geographical knowledge in myriad forms of geography products: geographical treatises, histories, poems, personifications, landscape representations, images of barbarian peoples, maps, itineraries, and imported foodstuffs.

This book traces the origins of the religious system of the Peloponnese to identify the factors behind its subsequent development from the Geometric to the Classical period. Through a presentation of cult places, the deities worshipped, and the epithets used, the book explores preferences for particular deities and the reasons for this.

For speleologists and holidaymakers alike, here is an essential handbook. The first guide to all the decorated Ice Age caves in Europe that are open to the public, fully revised and updated for a third edition, this book covers more than 50 caves in the UK, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy, as well as relevant museums and centres.

Research into furniture has been neglected by archaeologists. Fixed installations lack clear definitions and are often subjectively identified. These studies pay tribute to the late Jean-Claude Margueron, and consider furniture by exploring spatial perception, functionality, and architectural complexities.

Between 1990 and 1998, MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) undertook a series of archaeological excavations within Wollaston Quarry covering an area of 116ha. Eight excavation areas and a watching brief were undertaken. The proximity of the River Nene and at least four palaeochannels formed the dominant natural landscape features. This dynamic environment affected settlement and land use throughout prehistoric and Roman periods. Seventeen pits, largely in small groups, were identified containing early Neolithic to late Neolithic/early Bronze Age pottery. Some of these features were located within the area of the palaeochannels. Later, of especial interest was a notable collection of eleven different late Bronze Age to early Iron Age pit alignments, which were part of a co-axial landscape over an area of 2.5km. There was also a small area of domestic activity reflected by pits dating to the early Iron Age as well as two large watering holes in other locations. The pit alignment boundaries influenced subsequent settlement from the middle Iron Age to the late Roman periods. While individual settlements and related agricultural enclosures changed location over time, they followed the same alignments as the earlier pit alignments suggesting some form of continuity for over 800 years. In the middle to late Iron Age four separate farmsteads were established of which two overlaid the former pit alignments. All four comprised sub-rectangular enclosed farmsteads with internal roundhouses and paddocks. Towards the end of the Iron Age at least one of the middle Iron Age settlements was abandoned, while at roughly the same time an unenclosed settlement was created nearby which continued to the late Roman period. Overall, within the quarry, six new late Iron Age and Roman settlements were established and two more have been preserved without excavation. In the middle Roman period, there was extensive and organised agriculture activity which included two vineyards in two different parts of the site as well as two areas of paddock type enclosures. This level of planning suggests significant investment and could reflect the development by a villa estate. In the early to middle Saxon period there were four different areas of activity which comprised a sunken featured building, pits and a late 7th century grave of a high-status Anglian warrior burial (the latter has previously been reported on separately).

This book provides insights into health, disease, and healing in the Indus Civilisation during the third to early second millennia BCE. Based on original research, it examines skeletal remains, material culture, and environmental factors. The book sheds light on diseases, healing practices, and public health in this ancient civilization.

Three detailed studies consider British naval and military, diplomatic and commercial activity in the eastern Adriatic during the Napoleonic wars, drawing on original research in various British archives.

This book is a study of the architecture and decoration of the mosaic floors of the Roman private spaces of Bulla Regia, located in the northwest of Tunisia. The book is divided into six chapters which offer a complete overview of both the city in general and the domestic architecture and mosaic decoration of each of the domus.

Excavations at the site of the medieval chapter house of St Albans Abbey in 1978 uncovered fragments of decorated floor tiles of the Anglo-Saxon abbey and associated burials, along with the magnificent floor of relief-decorated tiles of the medieval chapter house, and the graves of 16 known figures of the late 11th-to 15th-century abbey.

This is the first detailed study and catalogue of a comb type that represents a new technology introduced into Britain towards the end of the 4th century AD and a major signifier of the late fourth- to fifth-century transition.

This book analyzes ancient tombs in Eastern Libya, from the Archaic phase to Late Roman times. Despite plundering, these ornate structures reveal funerary competition, spatial organization, and lost rituals. The book reconstructs the social history of ancient Cyreneans through their ostentatious funerary culture.

This colourful book, aimed at younger readers, takes you on a highly illustrated journey through daily life in Ice Age Europe, and tells you the things you'd need to know to survive! Explore the types of houses, food, clothes and toys people created, and their relationship with the natural environment - would have liked to live back then?

In the early centuries AD, the small region of Gandhara (centred on what is now northern Pakistan) produced an extraordinary tradition of Buddhist art which eventually had an immense influence across Asia. Mainly produced to adorn monasteries and shrines, Gandharan sculptures celebrate the Buddha himself, the stories of his life and the many sacred characters of the Buddhist cosmos. Since this imagery was rediscovered in the nineteenth century, one of its most fascinating and puzzling aspects is the extent to which it draws on the conventions of Greek and Roman art, which originated thousands of kilometres to the west. Inspired by the Gandhara Connections project at Oxford University's Classical Art Research Centre, this book offers an introduction to Gandharan art and the mystery of its relationship with the Graeco-Roman world of the Mediterranean. It presents an accessible explanation of the ancient and modern contexts of Gandharan art, the state of scholarship on the subject, and guidance for further, in-depth study.

MOLA undertook archaeological excavations at Brackmills, Northampton, investigating part of a large Iron Age settlement and Roman complex farmstead. The remains were very well preserved having, in places, been shielded from later truncaton by colluvial deposits. Earlier remains included a late Bronze Age/early Iron Age pit alignment.

This is a detailed study of the archaeology of Roman Winchester-Venta Belgarum, a major town in the south of the province of Britannia- and its development from the regional (civitas) capital of the Iron Age people, the Belgae, who inhabited much of what is now central and southern Hampshire. The archaeology of the Winchester area in prehistory is considered, and so too is the later evidence from the town, between the end of organized Roman life shortly after 400 and the foundation, c.650, of the church later known as Old Minster. At the heart of this account is the publication of the relevant phases of the sites excavated in 1961-71 by the Winchester Excavations Committee, and of the finds recovered from these excavations. Volume 1 (Excavations) outlines previous work of relevance, and describes the WEC excavations and the post-excavation analysis of the discoveries, including full reports on the prehistoric, Roman, and post-Roman (to c.650) phases of the 14 sites excavated in 1961-71, with gazetteers for Roman Winchester, listing and describing all significant observations of the defences, and the streets and buildings within the walls. Volume 2 (Finds) presents about 4000 of the finds from the excavations of 1961-71, with additional significant objects from earlier excavations in Winchester or other Winchester collections. Finds are described and discussed by era and type, with coins and selected pottery followed by objects grouped by industry or purpose. Concordances list these finds by site and phase or by material.

This volume presents the pottery from Sudan Archaeological Research Society excavations at the site of Kawa, Northern Dongola Reach, between 1997 and 2018, fully illustrated with photographs and line drawings. This is the third in the series focusing on the fieldwork conducted at this important site. Volume III presents a comprehensive catalogue of the pottery found across the site, focusing on the forms, decoration, marks and fabric, as well as incorporating a discussion of the character of relevant areas. This includes a detailed discussion of the Napatan amphorae found in Building F1 and the cemetery remains at R18. The material at Kawa represents a unique collection of contextualised material invaluable for reconstructing activity patterns in this region during the Napatan and Meroitic periods and contributing towards an increased understanding of this time period.

The first of a set of three volumes publishing the excavations at the site of Kawa, Northern Dongola Reach, between 1997 and 2018 by the Sudan Archaeological Research Society. Volume I contains a detailed study of the excavations carried out in Areas A, B, C, and F, as well as the temenos gateway, Building Z1 and the Kushite cemetery R18. Its comprehensive analysis of distinct building phases provides the reader with an in-depth understanding of the activities and subsequent changes at the site over its long history. This is heavily illustrated with photographs, maps, and line drawings, providing a thorough study of the research undertaken during this fieldwork.