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This practical book establishes a solid foundation for understanding the essential principles of how signals interact with transmission lines. These insights are the basis of the best design and best measurement practices for single-ended and differential transmission lines. Readers can confidently use these guidelines to avoid common mistakes. They will learn how to leverage rules of tumb, approximations, 2D filed solvers, and TDR measurements to extract the important figures of merit and obtain an acceptable, verified design, faster. Complex engineering principles are explained in a simplified but practical way.

Determining intrinsic microwave properties or extrinsic performance of materials is important for a variety of applications, including wireless propagation, antenna and microwave circuit design, and remote sensing, among others. This practical engineering guide to microwave material measurements discusses both laboratory and manufacturing/field environments. Modern technology has created a need to adapt microwave measurement methods for in-line quality assurance, in-situ process control, and field inspection of materials and components. The book covers the various configurations for free-space measurements, but also provides guidance on calibration methods, signal processing, and intrinsic property inversion algorithms. Learn how the modern adaptation of impedance analysis to CEM inversion methods and how this powerful new technique can be used to significantly improve conventional measurement methods. Intended to inform engineers and scientists of the theory and practice of wide-band microwave characterization of materials, this guide provides the necessary theory and equations for implementing these methods and gives hints and techniques for their practical implementation.

This unique book brings together RF Engineering and Optical Integration in terrestrial fixed and mobile networks, space networks and sub orbital communication systems (Low Altitude Platforms and High-Altitude Platforms). It is written specifically to help optical engineers to understand RF engineering and RF engineers needing to understand the optical technologies used in fixed and mobile networks, including local and long-distance fiber, free space terrestrial optical point to links, earth to space and space to earth links and inter satellite and inter-constellation cross connect. The book shows you how to mix and match RF and optical efficiently and explains how to repurpose terrestrial RF and terrestrial optical for space deployment. You'll learn how to decide whether to use an RF or optical link; how to calculate an RF and optical link budget; how to interface an optical signal to an RF bearer - and vice versa; how to multiplex RF and optical signals in guided and unguided media; and much more. This is a must-have book for practicing RF engineers, optical engineers, and planners of satcom and terrestrial networks, supply chain partners to 5G/satellite RF/optical integrations needing understanding of problems and solutions. It is also accessible to readers with a market, financial and/or regulatory interest. The book is a follow on to 5G Spectrum and Standards (Artech House_ Varrall_2016) and 5G and Satellite Spectrum, Standards and Scale (Artech House_ Varrall_2018).

This book covers the next generation of power transfer in which power is transmitted via energy harvesting applications. It describes far-field Wireless Power Transfers (WPT) and why it is considered a special type of power transfer where power is transmitted through wireless power sources like radio waves, Wi-Fi, and TV broadcasting signals rather than utilizing near field wireless power sources. The book is the first of its kind to explain far-field WPT and energy harvesting technology from the same viewpoint. It provides you with an application-oriented review of how the latest WPT and energy harvesting tech can solve practical real-world problems. You will also get insight to R & D activities and regulations for commercial products in the future market. The book helps you understand the theory of far field WPT, and you will learn about the rising market for power transfer, factory automation (FA) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors. With its comprehensive and unique coverage combining WPT and energy harvesting technology, this is an excellent resource for researchers, graduate students and engineers looking to further their knowledge on the theory of far field wireless power transfer.

This book shows you how to adopt data-driven techniques for the problem of radar detection, both per se and in combination with model-based approaches. In particular, the focus is on space-time adaptive target detection against a background of interference consisting of clutter, possible jammers, and noise. It is a handy, concise reference for many classic (model-based) adaptive radar detection schemes as well as the most popular machine learning techniques (including deep neural networks) and helps you identify suitable data-driven approaches for radar detection and the main related issues. You'll learn how data-driven tools relate to, and can be coupled or hybridized with, traditional adaptive detection statistics; understand fundamental concepts, schemes, and algorithms from statistical learning, classification, and neural networks domains. The book also walks you through how these concepts and schemes have been adapted for the problem of radar detection in the literature, and provides you with a methodological guide for the design, illustrating different possible strategies. You'll be equipped to develop a unified view, under which you can exploit the new possibilities of the data-driven approach even using simulated data. This book is an excellent resource for Radar professionals and industrial researchers, postgraduate students in electrical engineering and the academic community.

This book provides practical and theoretical aspects for automotive antenna measurements. It comprehensively covers all the information you need to design, develop, place, and use antennas and antenna systems in automotive applications. Special chapters are devoted to some of the most advanced topics in this area, including OTA measurements for Vehicle to Everything (V2X) applications, emulation of virtual drive testing, and specific topics for measurements of automotive RADAR systems. You will understand the various measurement techniques specifically for automotive antennas, including chamber design, absorbers, near-to-far field transformation, and some of the newest techniques such as the use of drones. The book presents both well accepted and standard practices and includes innovative methods that help you quickly adapt to the rapidly evolving field of automotive antenna testing today. This is an excellent reference for antenna engineers, automotive system designers, and anyone who measures and designs antennas for automotive applications.

This book provides complete step-by-step guidance on the physical implementation of modern integrated circuits, showing you their limitations and guiding you through their common remedies. The book describes today's manufacturing techniques and how they impact design rules. You will understand how to build common high frequency devices such as inductors, capacitors and T-coils, and will also learn strategies for dealing with high-speed routing both on package level and on-chip applications. Numerous algorithms implemented in Python are provided to guide you through how extraction, netlist comparison and design rule checkers can be built. The book also helps you unravel complexities that effect circuit design, including signal integrity, matching, IR drop, parasitic impedance and more, saving you time in addressing these effects directly. You will also find detailed descriptions of software tools used to analyze a layout database, showing you how devices can be recognized and connectivity accurately assessed. The book removes much of fog that often hides the inner workings of layout related software tools and helps you better understand: the physics of advanced nodes, high speed techniques used in modern integrated technologies, and the inner working of software used to analyze layout databases. This is an excellent resource for circuit designers implementing a schematic in a layout database, especially those involved in deep submicron designs, as well as layout designers wishing to deepen their understanding of modern layout rules.

This newly revised and updated edition offers a current and complete introduction to the analysis and design of Electro-Optical (EO) imaging systems. The Third Edition provides numerous updates and several new chapters including those covering Pilotage, Infrared Search and Track, and Simplified Target Acquisition Model. The principles and components of the Linear Shift-Invariant (LSI) infrared and electro-optical systems are detailed in full and help you to combine this approach with calculus and domain transformations to achieve a successful imaging system analysis. Ultimately, the steps described in this book lead to results in quantitative characterizations of performance metrics such as modulation transfer functions, minimum resolvable temperature difference, minimum resolvable contrast, and probability of object discrimination.The book includes an introduction to two-dimensional functions and mathematics which can be used to describe image transfer characteristics and imaging system components. You also learn diffraction concepts of coherent and incoherent imaging systems which show you the fundamental limits of their performance. By using the evaluation procedures contained in this desktop reference, you become capable of predicting both sensor test and field performance and quantifying the effects of component variations. The book contains over 800 time-saving equations and includes numerous analyses and designs throughout. It also includes a reference link to special website prepared by the authors that augments the book in the classroom and serves as an additional resource for practicing engineers. With its comprehensive coverage and practical approach, this is a strong resource for engineers needing a bench reference for sensor and basic scenario performance calculations. Numerous analyses and designs are given throughout the text. It is also an excellent text for upper-level students with an interest in electronic imaging systems.

Offering a powerful new tool to build secure, high-quality software, this resource helps developers think like a software cracker so they can find and patch flaws before harmful viruses, worms, and Trojans can rampage systems. Traditional software programmers and testers learn how to make fuzzing a standard practice.

This text explores the practical realities that arise from the employment of geolocation for electronic warfare in real-world systems, including position of the target, errors in sensor position, orientation, or velocity, and the impact of repeated measurements over time. The problems solved in the book have direct relevance to accurately locating and tracking UAVs, planes, and ships. As a companion volume to the author's previous book Emitter Detection and Geolocation for Electronic Warfare (Artech House, 2019), this book goes in depth on real-world complications that include: working within and converting between different coordinate systems, incorporation of prior information about targets, sensor uncertainties, the use of multiple snapshots over time, and estimating the current position and velocity of moving targets. The e-book version described here includes several links to software and videos that can be downloaded from the publicly available Git repository. The book also includes all MATLAB code necessary to develop novel algorithms that allow comparisons to classical techniques and enable you to account for errors in timing, position, velocity, or orientation of the sensors. With its unique and updated coverage of detailed geolocation techniques and data, and easy linkable access to additional software and videos, this is a must-have book for engineers and electronic warfare practitioners who need the best information available on the development or employment of geolocation algorithms. It is also a useful teaching resource for faculty and students in engineering departments covering RF signal processing topics, as well as anyone interested in novel applications of SDR's and UAVs.

This book provides a broad look at all different energy storage technologies, from the past and into the future. It takes a hard look at the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies, but also the different applications of energy storage to determine the attributes that are most important for the technology one would choose for them. The book guides you through the hidden costs and true advantages of today's energy storage technologies, and helps you understand energy storage technologies' specifications and claims to uncover which are important to their applications. You will see how an energy storage technology's attributes affect the total system's performance and value and be equipped to evaluate the true costs of energy storage, with respect to up-front capital costs, ongoing operating costs, and total carbon footprint. You will also find helpful lessons learned from industry experts as they strove to pave new roads in the development of energy storage technologies and their markets. This is an excellent resource for project developers and anyone who needs a broad understanding of what matters in energy storage.

This book gives you - in one comprehensive and practical resource -- everything you need to successfully design modern and sophisticated power amplifiers at mmWave frequencies. The book provides an in-depth treatment of the design methodology for MMIC power amplifiers, then brings you step by step through the various phases of design, from the selection of technology and preliminary architecture considerations, to the effective design of the matching circuits and conversion of electrical-to-electromagnetic models. Detailed figures and numerous practical applications are included to help you gain valuable insights into these technologies and learn to identify the best path to a successful design. You'll be guided through a range of new mmWave power applications that show particular promise to support new 5G systems, while mastering the use of GaN technology that continues to dominate the power mmWave applications due to its high power, gain, and efficiency. This is a valuable resource for power amplifier design engineers, technicians, industry R&D staff, and anyone getting into the area of power MMICs who wants to learn how to design at mmWave frequencies.

Finite Difference Frequency Domain in MATLAB. Written especially for those who are new to computational electromagnetics, this book teaches you everything you need to know to simulate a wide variety of electromagnetic and photonic devices using the powerful finite-difference frequency-domain FDFD method. The book comprehensively reviews key concepts from electromagnetics and is packed with MATLAB codes and special techniques that demonstrate how FDFD can be applied to a very wide array of devices and applications. You will learn how to simulate three-dimensional devices like metamaterials and frequency selective

This is the first book to bring together the increasingly complex radar automotive technologies and tools being explored and utilized in the development of fully autonomous vehicles - technologies and tools now understood to be an essential need for the field to fully mature.The book presents state-of-the-art knowledge as shared by the best and brightest experts working in the automotive radar industry today -- leaders who have "e;been there and done that."e; Each chapter is written as a standalone "e;master class"e; with the authors, seeing the topic through their eyes and experiences. Where beneficial, the chapters reference one another but can otherwise be read in any order desired, making the book an excellent go-to reference for a particular topic or review you need to understand.You'll get a big-picture tour of the key radar needs for fully autonomous vehicles, and how achieving these needs is complicated by the automotive environment's dense scenes, number of possible targets of interest, and mix of very large and very small returns. You'll then be shown the challenges from - and mitigations to - radio frequency interference (RFI), an ever-increasing challenge as the number of vehicles with radars - and radars per vehicle grow.The book also dives into the impacts of weather on radar performance, providing you with insights gained from extensive real-world testing. You are then taken through the integration and systems considerations, especially regarding safety, computing needs, and testing. Each of these areas is influenced heavily by the needs of fully autonomous vehicles and are open areas of research and development.With this authoritative volume you will understand:How to engage with radar designers (from a system integrator / OEM standpoint); How to structure and set requirements for automotive radars; How to address system safety needs for radars in fully autonomous vehicles; How to assess weather impact on the radar and its ability to support autonomy; How to include weather effects into specifications for radars.This is an essential reference for engineers currently in the autonomous vehicle arena and/or working in automotive radar development, as well as engineers and leaders in adjacent radar fields needing to stay abreast of the rapid developments in this exciting and dynamic field of research and development.

This bestselling book - now in its second edition - introduces the basic principles of passive radar technology and provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments and advances in this field. It shows you how passive radar works, how it differs from the active type, and helps you understand the benefits and drawbacks of this novel technology. The book gives you the knowledge you need to get a full understanding of this fascinating technology. All chapters have been fully revised and updated and are written in a clear and accessible style. New chapters have been added to cover advances in the technology that have already been built and demonstrated, including systems on moving platforms (aircraft and UAVs), as well as advances in types of transmission - notably single-frequency broadcast transmissions, and 5G - and in processing techniques. This book remains an important resource for engineers working in academic, industry, or government research laboratories; academics teaching graduate level students; and those working in the specification and procurement of radar systems who need to understand the performance and limitations of the technology.

This exciting new book presents state-of-the-art developments on wearable antennas and electronics, and developing paths for new research opportunities. Flexible materials for diverse wearable applications are introduced, as well as methods for overcoming design and fabrication challenges for wearable electronics. Ways of engineering flexible and wearable sensors that overcome limitations in existing technologies are explored, and the processes behind and results of a new class of embroidered e-textiles are discussed. Written by experts in the field, this book shows readers how to turn clothing into functional antennas and sensors to serve as inobtrusive devices for clinical and medical monitoring, athletic performance tracking, body area network communications, and a host of other applications.

This book is the foundation building book for all engineers starting out to design PCBs. It teaches good habits designing a PCB, first for connectivity, and secondly, introduces the four most important principles to reduce noise. A seven-step process is presented: developing a plan of record, creating a Bill of Materials, completing the schematic, completing the layout, completing the assembly, conducting bring up and troubleshooting and documenting the project. Each step is developed in detail. In particular, the emphasis in this book is on risk management: what can be done at each step of the process to reduce the risk of a hard-error which requires a complete re-spin, or a soft error, which requires some sort of on-the-fly repair.

This practical resource covers the basics of electromagnetics, wave propagation, and antennas for radiated RF projects. General, high-level scenarios of one-way, two-antenna RF transmission-reception also known as the Friis Equation systems are illustrated. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves, free space loss, multipath loss, and Fresnel zone loss are presented. Antenna groupings, including isotropic point source, wire, aperture, and slot and array are explained. Antenna measurements are also presented, including squared wavelengths, 2, this electrical sizing resulting in low, medium, and high directivity gain antennas.

This exciting new resource describes a unified approach to non-linear analysis and design involving compound semiconductor field effect transistors FETs and heterojunction field effect transistors HFETs. It provides an understanding of the characterization and analysis devices made by non-linear design, highlighting the relationship between design and performance. The rarely acknowledged errors inherent in extracting capacitive and conductance elements, as required by all circuit models, from measurements made at the terminals of a device is given, and how these limitations and restrictions often yield workable results is

The book introduces the fundamentals of DRA, CDRA, identifying the modes in a CDRA, excitation techniques and recent advancements pertaining to the research of the CDRAs.

This exciting new book, which builds on the authors previous book, Spectrum Wars The Policy and Technology Debate, discusses the evolution of spectrum use and management caused by the rise of 5G and beyond in all wireless technologies, from terrestrial wireless, including mobile and fixed, to non-terrestrial including satellite and drone technologies. A survey of these new technologies and use cases are included, allowing the reader to understand the technical, operational, and commercial context of these systems.This book addresses how the traditional methods used in evaluating spectrum management have changed, including the use and need

This second volume of an Artech House bestseller presents an enhanced approach toward product compliance and safety engineering. Written by experts in the field, this new volume presents practical material useful for novice and advanced practitioners.Safety aspects of product approvals, energy management, environmental concerns, material science, radiation, hazardous location, and global market access are explored. Practical features related to global market access are presented, including specific documentation and local labeling requirements, as well as language used for safety instructions and user manuals. Compliance and safety aspects of specific applications, such as information technology equipment, audio-video (multimedia), medical, household, alarms systems, luminaires (including LED-lamps) and lamp control, industrial machinery, and semiconductor manufacturing, are discussed.Environmental attributes, including temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, vibration, shock and packaging/transportation, and how they affect product safety, are analyzed. Information about testing (environmental, HALT, and HASS) is also provided, focusing on the compliance of electrical products with dedicated environmental regulation. Similarities and differences between ATEX and IECEx are defined. Materials, including metal corrosion, adhesives, insulation materials, and information about safety of hazardous materials, are examined.

This comprehensive resource provides a thorough introduction to the security risks, attack vectors and vulnerabilities an Internet of things (IoT) product and its network can face at different phases of its lifecycle. The risks at each stage of the development and operations (DevOps) lifecycle of an IoT product are analyzed. Examples of recent, relevant security threats faced by the industry are discussed and why the security breach happened, how it was resolved, and what could have been done to avoid them will be explained. Readers will learn the best practices to secure their IoT products, and networks in a holistic way.IoT and the diverse and unique nature of IoT applications across the commercial and industrial landscape, are introduced, including the need for securing IoT. The lifecycle of IoT security, specifically the security implementations that need to be carried out at various stages in the operational process of an IoT service are presented, as well as the security requirements during the planning, security integration, operational, maintenance, and planned discontinuation phase of an IoT service. The vulnerabilities in IoT, the various attack vectors exploited by attackers, and preventive measures that can be undertaken to avoid these security attacks are also explored.Readers are acclimated with various steps that must be undertaken to prepare for IoT security attacks, and techniques that can be employed to detect them. Key challenges involved with implementing appropriate levels of security in IoT due to heterogeneity, interoperability, human errors, and commercial factors are discussed, as well as the need for regulatory guidance for the IoT industry and highlights specific examples of regulations in leading markets across the globe.

A CubeSat is a miniaturized modular satellite that can be constructed from off-the-shelf components. With advancements in digital signal processing, power electronics, and packaging technology, it is feasible to fit science instruments and communication devices that were traditionally carried on larger satellites on CubeSat consolations. This not only reduces mission cost, repair, risk, but also provides more precise and real-time science data. Their low cost and versatility allow for CubeSats to be used to test technologies that are planned to use on larger satellites, to collect point-to-point data in space when launched