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Ancient Maya ceramic economy during the Late to Terminal Classic Period (800-900 A.D.) is the focus of this book. The author employed ceramic thin section petrology, raw materials sourcing, and contextual archaeological analyses and samples from a variety of excavated sites in the Belize River Valley region were included: Pacbitun, Cahal Pech, Baking Pot, El Pilar, Xunantunich, Blackman Eddy, Floral Park, and Ontario Village. Standardized petrofabric descriptions enabled the definition of distribution spheres for the ceramics and the study uses intersite comparison of distributional patterning to explore issues such as the scale, integration and disposition of the ceramic economy. A number of economic models were used heuristically to examine the possible meaning of the distributional patterning observed.

The Upper Tisza Project. Studies in Hungarian Landscape Archaeology.Book 5 in the reports series on the Upper Tisza Project, north-eastern Hungary. This volume covers the summer 1995 excavations at the multi-period site of Regéc 95, located in an upland basin in the South Zemplén Mountains.Written by John Chapman, Magdolna Vicze, Robert Shiel, Steve Cousins, Bisserka Gaydarska and Chris Bond.Contributions by Eniko Magyari, David Passmore, Denise Telford, Ferenc Gyulai, Edina Rudner, Keri Brown and Alan Biggins.Illustrations by Sandra Rowntree and Chris Bond.

The Upper Tisza Project. Studies in Hungarian Land.Book 4 in the reports series on the Upper Tisza Project, north-eastern Hungary. This volume covers the summer 1995 excavations at the Neolithic site of Polgár-10.Written by John Chapman, Mark Gillings, Robert Shiel, Bisserka Gaydarska and Chris Bond.Contributions by Eniko Magyari, David Passmore, Eniko Félegyháza, Ian Lumley, Rhodri Jones, Jerome Edwards, Karen Hardy, Denise Telford, David Brighton, Keith Dobney, Ferenc Gyulai, Edina Rudner, Beth Rega, Keri Brown and Tom Higham.Illustrations by Sandra Rowntree, Chris Bond and Yvonne Beadnell.

This volume deals with the prehistoric human groups and their environments that occurred during the early and middle Holocene (roughly 10 - 6 thousand years before present) in a huge segment of the Eurasian continent forming the East European Plain, which predated the early manifestations of food-producing economies: agriculture and stock-rearing. In archaeological terms widely accepted in the West, this period corresponds to the Mesolithic, panoply of hunter-gathering communities that evolved in the aftermath of the Last Ice Age.

This book includes papers from a conference held at the Institute of Classical Studies, London, in June 2006.

This book includes papers from the session (Vol. 39, Session WS15) 'Technological Analysis on Quartzite Exploitation' presented at the XV UISPP World Congress (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006).

In this book the author presents his findings connected with the archaeology of the Rajmahal Hills (Jharkhand State, north-eastern India), and discusses the wider relevance of his surface archaeology approach to the archaeology of the rest of the tribal areas of India. He also approaches the issue of a gendered study of rock-art and landscape archaeology both of which again fall within the domain of tribal archaeology proper. The author also has a keen interest in the theory of history and archaeology and writes about this subject in several of the chapters. Further sections engage in theoretical debates regarding the relationship between history and archaeology. The study concludes that it may be possible to delineate a separate domain for the archaeology of the tribal areas - called 'subaltern archaeology'. The present work breaks further new ground in historical and archaeological research in terms of the fieldwork undertaken in the Rajmahal Hills and elsewhere in India: the novel idea being that the tribal population of India does have a long-term past - an issue thus far relatively rarely investigated.

If Oceanic canoes, by their very strangeness were surprising to the earliest European observers, it was not long before their descriptions shifted from being impressed, enthusiastic or fascinated and gave way to detailed observations, measurements, comparisons and representations. Canoes are also the means by which the islanders apprehend space. In this perspective, this interesting volume on the study of canoes of the 'Grand Ocean' remains a vehicle for discovery.

Papers presented at EMAC '05, 8th European Meeting on Ancient Ceramics, Lyon 2005This volume presents a selection of papers delivered at the 8th European Meeting on Ancient Ceramics (EMAC) which took place in Lyon (France) in 2005. The EMAC series of conferences, initiated in Rome in 1991, meets every two years in a European city andbrings together specialists carrying out research on ancient ceramics using archaeological sciences. EMAC provides the opportunity to present and debate recent advances in this field of research, from methodological aspects to archaeological studies withfully integrated laboratory approaches.

A volume of 26 contributions related to: The ancient world and modern perceptions: the invention of antiquity in modern times; Ancient economy, politic and society: evidences and interpretive models; Ancient representations: subjectivities and identities in interpreting gender, ethnicity, religion, literature and arts. The result is an innovative collection of chapters, from different standpoints, revealing how classics in general, and classical archaeology in particular, has reacted to the challenges of the recent past in forging a socially relevant study of the ancient world.

The aim of this research is to reconstruct the landscape evolution in the lower Rio Grande drainage basin during the Late Holocene and to detect interrelations between landscape evolution, cultural development, climatic changes and extreme events. Central to this is to identify and, if possible, quantify factors of landscape change. In doing so, the author differentiates natural from anthropogenic factors, i.e. to determine both the natural and the human impacts on the landscape. An important question is whether climatic changes and extreme events have had an influence on past societies. To answer these questions, this work goes beyond physical geography approaches to paleoenvironmental reconstruction and includes the wealth of archaeological evidence and interpretations available for the research area. The volume consists of a main section and an extensive appendix containing sketches and detailed interpretations of the investigated sediment profiles as well as graphs showing the results of the laboratory analyses.

In addition to feminist studies, this work uses epigraphy, archaeology and classical sources, as well as recent developments in historiography, to understand Nabataean society and Nabataean women in particular. The author has highlighted to main study areas. The first is to investigate whether Nabataean women enjoyed a high status that was particular to their society and history. The second related enquiry is to investigate what made it possible for Nabataean women in the first century BCE-CE to become visible in inscriptions and numismatics (i.e. prominent in that period, place and time)? In other words what are the factors that allowed women such status? And were they factors particular to Nabataean women, their society or history? A further interesting objective of this book is to question the assumption of subordination of women in pre-Islamic Arabia.

The content of this report which examines the geological source of the earliest examples of fine freestone carving in the province, first-century tombstones and architectural fragments, is primarily aimed at students and researchers of Roman archaeology,with only a passing interest in geology. For this reason the author has included a glossary of geological terms and where possible made the geological terminology and techniques of analysis in the main text as clear as possible. For academics from more scientific disciplines (archaeological scientists and geologists), certain Chapters (two and six) and appendices examine the geological materials in much greater detail. The download also has an overview of British Jurassic Freestones, including amended geological maps of outcrops in southern England and northern France courtesy of the British Geological Survey. This section may therefore provide a useful tool for stone-masons, conservationists and cathedral archaeologists in identifying suitable limestone materials for restoration work.

Proceedings of the XV World Congress UISPP (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006) Volume 32This book includes papers from Session WS28 'Defining a Methodological Approach to Interpret Structural Evidence' edited by Fabio Cavulli and papers from Sessions C69, C70 and C71 'Archaeometry' edited by Maria Isabel Prudêncio and Maria Isabel Dias.

Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Chieti (Italy), 24-26 February 200584 papers.Introduction by S. Trinchese.Preliminary editing by L. Cherstich.Castel Manfrino excavation edited by S. Antonelli.

This study surveys sites across southern France and Spain to shed more light on lithic industries, in particular on assemblages rich with denticulates. It looks at issues of dating, the position of such tools in the stratigraphy, at production and usage.

This study looks at the changes that were taking place within later Iron Age society in East Anglia (the counties of Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire, Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk, England) and the rise of complexity on both a macro and micro scale. To do this the author focuses on feasting and consumption and the role it played in changing the face of society during the Iron Age. It is not just food or drink themselves that are important, but also their consumption as a social event. The research focuses on a number of issues: Recognising the feast in the archaeological record; Separating the feast from daily cuisine and the relationship between them; and through her dataset, the author considers over time (and space): The structure and symbolism of the feast; The specific events that are marked by archaeologically visible feasts and whether this changes over time and space; How feasts were organised, which is in turn linked to; Agency - who is holding the feasts and for whom? Who is doing the consuming and who is acquiring the items for feasting? How many people attended these events - can this be distinguished in the archaeological record? How are feasts involved in lifecycles, both temporally and spatially? Consequently, this research enhances current knowledge of Iron Age society through an investigation of feasts and their social effects. By identifying known major social changes in Iron Age Britain, the author has been able to demonstrate how these events are reflected or articulated in feasting practices, and has highlighted new ways in which to identify feasts and the different modes of consumption through a reanalysis of old sites and the study of new ones. Additionally, this research has sought to fill some gaps in our knowledge of Iron Age Britain and brought research into East Anglia up to the same standard achieved in Wessex. As well as providing a new and important perspective to the study of Iron Age Britain, this work will aid the understanding of Iron Age society as a whole.

For one of the most isolated provinces in the Roman Empire, the archaeology of Roman Britain has been one of the most researched areas. However, the coverage is not complete and this study focuses on one of the neglected areas - what the tombstones of Roman Britain reveal about epigraphy, gender and familial relations throughout the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. Much of this study refers to the Romanisation of Britain during this period of time. Chapter 1 looks at the social significance of tombstones and burial customs; Chapter 2 contains the analysis by categorization of gender and age; Chapter 3 details the dedicators of Romano-British tombstones; Chapter 4 discusses the epigraphic and artistic significance of the tombstones; Chapter 5 details the materials and dimensions. There are six data Appendices presenting the chronological analyses, and separate studies of civilian and military tombstones.

This study compares evidence for medieval ships and shipbuilding from archaeological sources with contemporary depictions in manuscripts. Traditionally evidence in illuminated manuscripts has been treated with caution and scepticism when it comes to medieval maritime study, and Joe Flatman attempts to assess more accurately their accuracy.

This collection of essays look at the availability and use of lithic raw materials across the Near East. The essays each cover a particular region, with an introductory article which sets out the key issues in the study of chert exploitation in the Near East, and reviews the hitherto available research.

The aim of this work is to study the issue of agriculture on hillsides through the use of terraces, according to a multidisciplinary and multiscalar approach (in time and space). Mediterranean hillsides are frequently covered with terraces. These are generally dedicated to agriculture, whatever the sociocultural contexts are. All Mediterranean regions are subject to the same regime of rainfall, often violent and very localized in time. Therefore, farmers face the problem of soil erosion and management of their water resources. Questions concerning the causes, techniques and chronology of these constructions are considered. Recent researches carried out in several Mediterranean countries underline the part played by terracing in the shaping of Mediterranean landscapes from the Neolithic period to the present time, and its importance among ancient societies. These researches show that the emergence of the agricultural terracing technique originated in not one but several locations, that this technique was put into practice at least from as early as the Bronze age in the western as well as in the eastern Mediterranean, and that the variety of techniques employed are not mainly connected to chrono-cultural factors but are first bound to environmental conditions. The author selects for her researches areas from Spain, France, Italy, Greece, the Near East and North Africa.

Volume 2: Finds from the excavations 1999-2003University of Southampton Series in Archaeology No. 6Between 1999 and 2003 the University of Southampton conducted excavations on the site of Quseir al-Qadim (western shores of the Red Sea), a place that had not been examined since the excavations by the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicagoended in 1982. The new work was prompted by the discovery that the site of Quseir al-Qadim was, in all probability, not that of the minor port of Leucos Limen, as had been previously thought, but none other than Myos Hormos. This port, together with its sister harbour Berenike, articulated Rome's trade with India and the East. This second volume concentrates on the finds made during the excavation period and the volume concludes with an overview of what we now know of the nature and function of the ports of Myos Hormos and Quseir al-Qadim and a discussion of outstanding problems which can only be resolved by further work.With contributions by Lucy Blue, Rebecca Bridgman, Penny Copeland, Alison Cox, Rowena Gale, David Graf, Sheila Hamilton-Dyer, Fiona Handley, John Healey, Anne Macklin, Jacob Morales, David Peacock, Jill Phillips, Anne Regourd, Wilfried Van Rengen, Steven Sidebotham, Ross Thomas, Roberta Tomber, Marijke van der Veen and Julian Whitewright. Illustrations by Penny Copeland and Julian Whitewright.

Archaeolingua Central European Series 6Méhtelek lies in the easternmost corner of County Szabolcs-Szatmár (Carpathians, eastern Hungary). The importance of this archaeological site is manifold. The finds from the 1973 excavation and the fresh archaeological information provided by the site confirmed earlier speculations that the broader region had been part of the Early Neolithic world. The finds enabled the separation of the Méhtelek group, a variant of the Körös culture of the Alföld (the Hungarian Plain), as well as the precise cultural and chronological attribution of several assemblages of stray finds, which had earlier simply been classified as Neolithic, to the Méhtelek group of the Alföld Körös culture. Assemblages related to or identical with the finds from Méhtelek came to light in the north-easterly region of the Alföld (principally in County Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg) and in the neighbouring regions of Romania and the Ukraine. Although the number of known sites is low, the currently known fourteen sites outline the boundaries of the group's distribution. The number of sites will undoubtedly increase in the future. Owing to various technical and other reasons, many decades have elapsed between the site's excavation and the publication of the final report on the Méhtelek site and its finds. No more than a few preliminary and incomplete reports have been published to date, some of them leading to misunderstandings and erroneous conclusions. The time is more than ripe for the publication of this report.

Egglestone marble, also known as Teesdale marble, is one of a group of so-called sedimentary 'marbles', such as the better-known Purbeck and Tournai marbles, in which natural calcite cement has filled the original pore-spaces to such an extent that the stone is capable of receiving a high polish. Its merits include its attractive grey-brown surface finish when polished, its suitability when freshly quarried for detailed carving, and the fact that it is capable of being extracted in very large blocks and slabs. The description of the stone in this study is based on polished samples taken from the quarry known as 'Abbey Quarry', in the picturesque landscape in the North Riding of Yorkshire (England). Egglestone marble has received little attention in the past, perhaps because there is no evidence of its use for building purposes. No examples have been found of its deployment for columns or other structural elements in buildings, but there is a wealth of material and documentary evidence of its widespread employment for other artefacts, and this work provides a thorough study of the them and their settings.

Proceedings of the XV World Congress UISPP (Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006), Volume 13, Session WS21This book includes papers from the Session 'WS21 Fuel Management during the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Periods: New tools, new interpretations' presented at the XV UISPP World Congress in September 2006.

Proceedings of the XI Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Istanbul Technical University, 24-29 April 2007This book includes papers from the 11th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology held at Istanbul Technical University, 24 to 29 April 2007.

This investigation explores the possibility of locating property which belonged to a monastery founded in the Anglo-Saxon period.The study concentrates on the estates of Winchcombe Abbey, Gloucestershire, examining their composition, extent and changes.It investigates endowments referred to in historical sources and endeavours to locate medieval features in the 21st-century landscape with a specific focus on the manor of Sherborne, Gloucestershire.Despite many problems encountered, the locations of most of the assets have been established and some boundaries and specific landscape features identified.

Ancient Egyptian bronze sculpture appears in many major European and North American museum collections, but its inadequate study makes the sculpture very difficult to analyze. The aim of the present study is to analyze and organize the corpus of priestly bronze statuary, a rather large subgroup of non-royal ancient Egyptian bronze statuary. To this end, the author utilizes several factors intrinsic to each three-dimensional figure: epigraphical, stylistical, contextual, and technical, to show the temporal development of the ancient Egyptian priest and priestly figure in bronze. With this study the author provides a foundation for further study in the area of non-royal bronze statuary in general and a clearer view of the artistic contribution of priestly bronze statuary in particular, as well as a better understanding of the role and development of priestly bronze statuary.

Our conception of the Mycenaean economy has been considerably altered in recent times. The palatial administration has gone from being conceived of as a centralized, almost totalitarian bureaucracy that collected and subsequently redistributed goods to the society at large, to one that is conceived of as predominantly interested in mobilizing resources almost solely for the purpose of producing its own elite goods. Alternative foci of economic power have been recognized, the damos and the religious sector. In this work the author thoroughly explores the clues to the latter's economic activities as they appear in the Linear B tablets and the archaeological record in order to better understand the economic role of the religious sector in Mycenaean society. In addition, the author bears in mind that economic power can bring social and political power. Indeed, they are very often intertwined; therefore she also examines, where possible, the indications that the religious sector wielded some influence within their communities and with respect to the palatial authority. The early chapters, before delving into the archaeological and Linear B evidence concerning the economic activities of the religious sector, explore exactly what the author means when referring to a site as a workshop or a sanctuary, and the methods used in identifying such places. Chapter 3 is a discussion of the workshop-shrine connection as it is manifested in archaeological contexts outside of Mycenaean Greece. Chapter 4 turns to one of the bodies of evidence that has proved most useful for this study: the Pylos land tenure tablets which deal with the landholdings of Pa-ki-ja-ne. Chapter 5 focuses on the religious sector's involvement in other economic activities, including shepherding, textile production, bronze working, perfume production, and chariot and armor production. Chapter 6 investigates the Mycenaean archaeological material that appears to support the evidence found in the tablets for the involvement of the religious sector in industrial production.

The ability to age animals accurately is of great importance both to archaeologists and to wildlife managers. Archaeologists are also particularly interested in the ability to determine the season of death of mammals, in order to reach a greater understanding of how man was exploiting or responding to his environment. A number of methods of age determination are available to wildlife managers, who have the advantage of having an entire animal in good condition at their disposal. Archaeologists, however, have more limited resources, and often wish to attempt age, and even seasonality, assessments using only bones and teeth. Teeth survive very well in the ground, and can often reveal information that would otherwise be lost, such as the species, which were available, and whether they were being hunted, scavenged, or farmed. The principal aim of this research was to examine the scientific basis and methodology of incremental analysis in order to arrive at increased understanding of the British Mesolithic. The approach includes an examination of every aspect of incremental analysis: the scientific basis, the methodology of thin section production, microscopical techniques, and interpretation, in order to obtain the greatest possible amount of information from a rather specialised technique. The species chosen was Red deer, a common animal on archaeological sites in British prehistory.