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J.D. Beazley's The Lewes House Collection of Ancient Gems (1920) was the first publication of engraved gems in what might be called the modern manner; indeed in many respects it remains a model few have even approached since and it is of an academic quality which is hard to match today. It is re-published here, with Beazley's descriptions and commentary, with updated references, and with enlarged photographs of impressions to demonstrate their quality. The two main categories of gems are (very broadly) cameos and intaglios of Greek, Cretan, Phoenician, Roman and Etruscan provenance. The additional material includes Mary B. Comstock's compilation of lists of additional references, and Cornelius C. Vermeule has added an appreciation of the collector.

Lithic analyses of all kinds have a long history in archaeological studies. For many years, morphological studies of tool-types and elaborate discussions of relative chronologies were a primary focus, but this has changed and the past few decades have witnessed a steadily growing interest in many other aspects of lithic studies. The 12 papers in the present volume provide a variety of perspectives on lithic exploitation patterns in late glacial and early postglacial Western Europe (from Poland to Portugal). The book grew from a symposium held at the 59th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology held in Anaheim in 1994, and the editors hope that the volume will stimulate more inter-regional discussions of data and ideas, as well as general interpretive problems regarding lithic raw material economy in late glacial and early postglacial.

Aspasia Papanastasiou's thesis presents an illustrated catalogue, arranged by type, of 4th-century Athenian red-figured and black-glazed vessels in museum collections across Europe. The author focuses on a sample of vessels which were of the same shape but executed with both types of decoration.

First discovered in the 19th century, the remains of a Roman settlement at the site of Kueçuek Burnaz in the eastern area of ancient Cilicia, were investigated more fully in 1991 by the Özgen/Gates survey.

This book sets out the evidence for burial practices in the southern and western Peloponnese of Greece during the middle Helladic and early Mycenaean periods (c. 2000-1400 BC), and to interpret the evidence in terms of human action. In the first section,the book details the scope of the research, whereas the remaining chapters present an analysis of the evidence to answer a range of generic questions on mortuary practices. The conclusions are interpreted in terms of the use of burial practices in the study of 'Mycenaean civilisation', confirming that variations in time and space suggest that a closer study of local and regional archaeologies should be a priority in future research aims. The Appendices contain detailed information on the sites that form the basis of the study. (This book will also appeal to those non-specialists with a serious interest in the region as a fascinating, archaeological reference work or 'guide'.)

In recent years zooarchaeology has started to move beyond the purely economic towards social interpretations. In particular, these 'social' interpretations have often concentrated upon complete or partial animal burials rather than upon the disarticulated and fragmented faunal remains more commonly recovered from archaeological sites. This book presents a study of these associated bone groups from the Neolithic to late Medieval periods of southern England and Yorkshire. Not only does it present data on over 2000 deposits, it also discusses their interpretation, arguing that most are based on generalised period-based assumptions. It is proposed that a biographical approach to these types of deposit, allows the investigation of the specific above ground actions behind their creation, moving away from generalisations towards individual interpretations. The study shows the value of not only utilising specialist data, but integrating such knowledge with other archaeological evidence and theoretical approaches. The book is divided into three main sections. The first two chapters discuss the history of associated bone groups in the archaeological record and how they are created by human and natural actions. The second section consists of detailed chapters (three to nine) discussing the evidence from each region and period. The third section discusses trends in the data and the problems with how they are interpreted. It outlines and tests the use of a biographical approach and discusses the implications of these findings for wider research.

Contents: 1) Fori Imperiali: la storia di un paesaggio urbano attraverso i contesti ceramici (Monica Ceci); 2) La ceramica d impasto del Foro di Cesare (Marina Ricci); 3) I materiali rinvenuti nell insula della salita del Grillo nell area dei Mercati di Traiano (con premessa di Roberto Meneghini) (Daniela Tabo); 4) Un contesto ..."

The first section of this volume presents previously unpublished and other finds from museums and collections, included on the basis of their importance in relation to Roman Siscia (Croatia). The second part of the volume encompasses recent finds from the excavations performed in 2003 at the site of St. Quirinus in Sisak (central Croatia). These Roman era finds are kept in the Municipal Museum of Sisak, the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, in the Zagreb collection of Matej Pavleti¿, the Sisak collection of Marko Golan, and in one anonymous numismatic collection in Zagreb. 216 finds are catalogued.

Contents: 1) Let not the 19th Century Paradigms Continue to haunt us! (B.B. Lal); 2) Reflections on -Dots on a Map- (C. Lamberg-Karlovsky); 3) T-Shaped Pillars and Mesolithic -Chiefdoms- in the Prehistory of Southern Eurasia: A Preliminary Note (M.

This research takes an integrative approach to the study of Hellenistic cult and cultic practices in an important part of western Asia by employing a combination of archaeological, numismatic and historical evidence. Although any thorough investigation of Seleukid religion would prove illuminating in itself, this research uses religion as a lens through which to explore the processes of acculturation and rejection within a colonial context. It discusses the state attitude towards, and manipulation of, both Hellenic and indigenous beliefs and places this within a framework developed out of a series of case studies exploring evidence for religion at a regional level. The study outlines the development of religious practices and expression in the region which formed the birthplace of the modern world's three most influential monotheistic religions.

This research focuses on the Roman province of Hispania, looking at the evolution of public spaces in classical cities and taking the classical urban centre as a starting point. The first section presents an analysis of public spaces, city by city (fora,macella, baths, theatres, amphitheatres, circuses, walls and other features) and develops to explore the concepts and consequences of abandonment, persistence and function.

The core of this study encompasses the presentation of the pottery analysis from Levels IV-V at Ulucak Mound in Izmir, Turkey, in order to reveal the site's cultural-historical and chronological position within the greater Neolithic context of Turkey andthe Aegean. The research makes both comparisons on ceramic fabrics and vessel morphology, as well as in some cases other archaeological material, enabling a discussion on the possible contemporaneity of the sites in different regions. By comparing and contrasting the contemporary sites from these regions it is possible to construct relative chronologies and assess Ulucak's relative chronological position by combining ceramic data with absolute dates. Such analysis allows further insights into the cultural-historical position of Ulucak in the greater context of Anatolia and the Aegean. Inclusion of areas such as the Bor-Melendiz Plain, the Konya Plain, Thrace, northeast Bulgaria, the Struma Valley, the Macedonian Plain, and Thessaly are especially important as pottery sequences from these regions have never before been compared to central-western Anatolian sites in such detail.

The continuation of the author's fascination with the maritime landscape of Roman Britain (see BAR 493 2009: The Maritime and Riverine Landscape of the West of Roman Britain Water transport on the Atlantic coasts and rivers of Britannia).

Proceedings of the Second ICAZ Animal Palaeopathology Working Group ConferenceThis book includes papers from the Second ICAZ Animal Palaeopathology Working Group Conference held at Nitra, Slovakia in September 2005.

Edited by M.-C. Cauvin, A. Gourgaud, B. Gratuze, N. Arnaud, G. Poupeau, J.-L. Poidevin and C. Chataigner.Collection of papers concentrating on various aspects of obsidian, ranging from geology, petrology, various techniques of analysis, data handling, mathematical modelling, economic anthropology to text-aided ancient history.Maison de l'Orient Méditerranéen.

Edited by Marta Capote, Susana Consuegra, Pedro Díaz-del-Río and Xavier TerradasThis book includes papers representing the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of the UISPP Commission on Flint Mining in Pre- and Protohistoric Times (Madrid, 14-17 October 2009).

The Proceedings of an International Seminar held at the University of Trento on April 29-30, 2005 on Late Antique Societies, Religion, Pottery and Trade in Germania, Northern Africa, Greece, and Asia MinorThis book includes papers from an International Seminar held at the University of Trento on April 29-30, 2005.

Proceedings of the International Round Table organized by the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece (Athens, November 28-30, 2008)Quantitative approaches in ceramology are gaining ground in excavation reports, archaeological publications and thematic studies. Hence, a wide variety of methods are being used depending on the researchers' theoretical premise, the type of material which is examined, the context of discovery and the questions that are addressed. The round table that took place in Athens on November 2008 was intended to offer the participants the opportunity to present a selection of case studies on the basis of which methodological approaches were discussed. The aim was to define a set of guidelines for quantification that would prove to be of use to all researchers.

The author investigates changes in local hunter-gatherer adaptations during the Terminal Pleistocene in the Western Taurus Mountains of Turkey, a crucial but largely unknown portion of the Near East. A comprehensive zooarchaeological analysis of archaeofaunas from two cave sites in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey provides insights into the social and economic transformations of the societies living in the region before the emergence of agricultural economies. The book presents an analysis of archaeofaunal assemblages from Karain B and Öküzini caves encompassing the part of the Epipaleolithic period that extends from approximately 20,000 to 14,000 calibrated years BP. This period covers the end of the Last Glacial and is marked by the intensified exploitation of resources and the emergence of a series of significant changes in the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Thus, a period of rapid cultural and environmental change forms the interpretive context.

This volume contains a series of papers that had their origins in a symposium convened whilst the editor was a Research Fellow at the Bard Graduate Center for Decorative Arts, Design History, Material Culture, New York in May 2008.

This book presents an outline history of ancient sites associated with floor mosaics depicting marine vessels in the widely defined Eastern Mediterranean stretching from southern Turkey to Egypt. A total of 38 individual examples of marine and riverine craft are presented from the study region: three from Turkey, seven from Syria, two from Lebanon, twelve from Israel (10 ancient, 2 modern), ten from Jordan, two from Egypt, and two unprovenanced. The author argues that mosaics did not exist or function in isolation of their historical contexts, but were created by specialists who had inherited a deep-rooted tradition from the Greek world and were commissioned by a range of officials with a long tradition of civic governance spanning the pagan and Christian spheres. Essentially this book is the study of what data may be derived from the techniques of boat construction in mosaic pavements and other artistic media, such as wall paintings and reliefs, and how these techniques were disseminated and understood through the medieval period and into the modern era by a combination of artistic depictions and oral traditions.

In 2006 and 2007, the editors of this volume organized sessions at the annual meetings of the European Association of Archaeologists (Cracow, Poland and Zadar, Croatia) entitled "The Roman Empire and Beyond" in response to the increasing amount of archaeological work being conducted in Central and Eastern Europe, areas where the Roman Empire met Barbaricum. The sessions concerned three general themes: the development of Rome's older Central/Eastern provinces, Roman-Native interactions within the Empire and along Rome's frontier zone, and Native-Roman interactions in Barbaricum. This book is based upon the two EAA sessions, whilst additional papers were solicited from several scholars who had not attended the EAA meetings, but whose work was deemed highly relevant for this volume.

The churches of St John and St Mary at Ephesos, 'Building D' at Sardis, St John at Philadelphia, and the basilicas of Hierapolis illustrate the development of vaulted construction on the west coast of Asia Minor between the 5th and the 7th century AD. These churches, due to their dilapidated condition, constitute ideal sources of information about the materials and construction techniques employed in some of the most important building programs of the early Byzantine Empire. The ruined state of the monuments and the lack of written records have hindered attempts to reconstruct their original forms. Although the surviving load-bearing elements of most of the churches have been very well documented, the potential of their remains to offer information about the nature of vaults has not yet been fully appreciated. As a result, the vaulting practices of west Asia Minor remain enigmatic, though they clearly influenced the early development of Byzantine church architecture. The constructional analysis of these churches, along with the reconstruction of their vaults, constitutes the main thrust of the present study. The author's new documentation of their structural fabric, carried out in the field during 2007 and 2008, concentrates on the recording of a series of unexplored vault fragments and construction details. The graphic investigation of this evidence, aided by interpretation on the basis of formal comparisons, leads to reasoned revised reconstructions of each church. The resulting reconstruction drawings form the basis for the exploration of some of the most interesting early Byzantine vaulting patterns. Continuing efforts initiated by A. Choisy more than a century ago, this leads to a new typology of vault structures for the region. The latter embraces the structural tissue of vaults, and, thus, hopes to go beyond classifications based solely on geometrical forms, which are too restrictive to respond to the wide variety of solutions found in the region. This book reveals the diversity, elegance and sophistication that characterize some of the most important early Byzantine churches. The analytical study of these monuments highlights the role of the cities of west Asia Minor as centres for experimentation in the field of vaulted construction during the first centuries of the Byzantine period.

This research examines formation processes of middens and the associated activities at the site of Çatalhöyük, Turkey. Using this site as a case study, this research has wider significance for understanding the Neolithic of the region and for the study of middens in general. Middens are a unique deposit in that they contain traces of activities that may not be found in cleaner contexts such as floors, and contain materials such as ash, animal dung, phytoliths and coprolites which can inform on plant resource use, diet and subsistence strategies at a high temporal resolution. In this research thin section micromorphology is used, combined with phytolith analysis of individual layers, to examine both the composition and associations of finely stratified midden deposits in situ. Additional analyses of mineral components using FT-IR and SEM-EDX has been carried out, along with biomolecular analysis of organic residues in coprolites by GC-MS, to further characterise material that is difficult to analyse by thin section alone. This integrated analysis contributes to the understanding of midden formation processes and activities, as well as environment, agriculture, plant resource use, diet and fuel use.

Alexander the Great's campaigns in the East brought the Greek and Eastern worlds in closer contact than was possible in previous centuries. While Greeks and non-Greeks had lived alongside each other for centuries before Alexander's conquest of the East, it was during the Hellenistic period that a more direct interaction of cultures occurred. The material evidence from the lands that formed part of Alexander's empire, in combination with contemporary theoretical approaches, can hopefully lead to attempts to answer why specific borrowings occurred as well as how such borrowings are interpreted by contemporary scholars. This volume is a direct result of the broader cross-cultural research interests of the editors.

The main objective of the present research is to explore through skull morphology some potential sources of biological diversity within sub-Saharan Africa, such as: geography and especially history, in relation to large-scale population movements (expansion of Bantu-speakers). Therefore, through various statistical analyses, morphological variation was re-evaluated within modern sub-Saharan African populations, using a very large modern human sample and a set of metric variables related to the cranium and mandible. In the same way, morphological patterns through time were also traced, focusing on various Later Stone Age and Iron Age populations, originating in particular from strategic areas of various influences. In Chapter 2 after having briefly introduced both geographical and historical backgrounds of sub-Saharan Africa, the dispersal of Bantu-speakers, a very long-term and large-scale phenomenon, which initiated since the Early Iron Age (c. 1,000 BC) is presented in more depth. In Chapter 3, after a detailed presentation of the populations and variables under study, a preliminary analysis of inter- and intra-observer errors is presented. In chapter 4, various factors (geography, sex and ecology) are tested as a source of modern diversity. Chapter 5 looks a the effects of historical factors on skull morphology through both modern and past African diversity. Following the conclusion the author presents an extensive assemblage of Appendices (sites and datasets).

Edited by Sarah Neate, David Howell, Richard Ovenden and A.M. Pollard.The book (in this context any portable object whose prime purpose is to convey documentary information, including both images and text) is, in the view of the editors of this interesting volume, a much-neglected artifact in the spectrum of objects which constitute the material cultural heritage. This collection of papers represents the work of a group of national and international researchers who have studied the various components of the book as object, with the aim of sharing expertise, generating new interactions, and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers from the arts and humanities and those from science and heritage science disciplines. This volume documents discussions which took place between March and November 2009 at workshops and symposia organized by the BookNET Research Cluster.

This study investigates the provenance and technology of pottery during the earlier Prepalatial period (EM I-EM IIB) in west Crete, using an integrated approach involving stylistic examination and archaeometric analysis. Although the stylistic particularities of the west Cretan Early Minoan assemblages have been acknowledged since the 1960s, there has been no attempt to assess and interpret the differences, and integrate this part of Crete into the broader picture of the Prepalatial period. Due to the lack of publications and analyses, west Crete remained estranged from the new developments that have changed the way the Prepalatial period is considered. As part of the GEOPRO TMR Network, this project applies an integrated methodology to the ceramic material from selected sites and investigates issues of pottery provenance and technology. The analytical techniques used comprise thin section petrography, neutron activation analysis and scanning electron microcopy. Possible locations of production for the various fabrics are suggested and technological issues, such as clay recipes, firing practices and pottery manufacturing traditions, are discussed. As the research revealed no imports from outside Crete, and this contrasts with central and eastern Crete, the position and role of west Crete in the southern Aegean during the Early Bronze Age is re-assessed. Appendices include a catalogue of samples, petrographic descriptions, and NAA data. The final section features collection of 38 colour plates, including micrographs.

During the last century's archaeological investigations of the advanced Bronze Age culture maintained by the so-called Minoans on the island of Crete, a number of tombs dated to the Late Minoan period and containing weapons have been discovered in the surroundings of the site of Knossos. The tombs are not confined to a certain area or cemetery, but are rather dispersed around the Palace and town. Although they are characterised by their weapons, other artefacts - such as bronze vessels and certain pottery types - also distinguish these tombs. The tombs are of three types: chamber tombs with long dromoi, shaft graves and pit-caves. Various labels have been designated for them: tombs with weapons, warrior tombs, warrior graves and weapon-tombs. The warrior graves are often discussed in relation to the question of when the Mycenaeans arrived in Crete. Most scholars agree that a Mycenaean presence or power in Crete existed in the Late Bronze Age, but when their arrival would have taken place has not yet enjoyed consensus. Previous scholarship raises a number of questions that are dealt with in this work in relation to the funerary landscape at Knossos, including: to what degree do the burial customs in fact change in LM II, and what about the mainland influences? If the archaeological material points in that direction, how are we to understand such a transformation of the mortuary practices? Would this indicate an ethnic change? If, on the other hand, the material points towards a gradual process beginning already in LM I or earlier, with elements of mainland traits, what would that indicate? The tombs, shaft graves and pit-caves of Knossos are re-examined in an attempt to put answers to these intriguing questions.