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Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers all aspects of PTEN biology and its roles in human diseases. The contributors discuss the structural characteristics of PTEN; its functions at the plasma membrane as well as in the cytoplasm and nucleus; the mutations, interacting partners, and posttranslational modifications that affect its expression levels, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity; and how this activity ultimately leads to changes in cell growth, migration, and morphology, as well as in gene expression, chromatin dynamics, and the maintenance of genomic stability. A historical perspective that covers the initial discovery and subsequent characterization of PTEN is also included.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection covers our current understanding of the molecular underpinnings of leukemia and lymphoma, as well as recent progress in development of therapies that target them. The contributors review the normal functions of hematopoietic stem cells--the precursors to white blood cells--and then examine the genetic, epigenetic, and cellular mechanisms that drive malignant transformation. The roles of clonal hematopoiesis, RNA-binding proteins, and alterations in metabolism and cell signaling (e.g., MAP kinase pathways) are among the topics covered in depth, along with the parts they play in specific types of leukemia and lymphoma.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection examines all aspects of the biology of HCV, the pathological consequences of infection, the current standard of hepatitis C treatment, and ongoing efforts to control the disease. Contributors discuss the structural and biochemical properties of HCV, the molecular details of its life cycle, and how it promotes liver disease by perturbing host cell signaling pathways. They likewise examine the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by HCV and why those responses often fail to clear the infection.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this volume covers many aspects of bioelectronic medicine, examining the neuronal pathways that are being targeted for manipulation, the electronic neuromodulation devices that are under development, and how all of this work is leading to new diagnostics and treatment options for patients. The contributors discuss how the stimulation of specific nerves has been successfully used to treat certain conditions and how similar strategies are being investigated as therapeutics for a multitude of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal disorders.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers the recent progress that has been made in understanding Ras biology, how Ras activation leads to tumorigenesis, and ways in which oncogenic Ras signaling may be targeted therapeutically. The contributors review the biochemical characteristics of the different Ras isoforms (HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS), their main effectors and signaling pathways, and the mutations that lead to their constitutive activation. Recent work showing that some Ras oncoproteins may be effectively inhibited by small molecules is covered, as is work on alternative targets (e.g., enzymes that catalyze posttranslational modifications of Ras) and inhibitors (e.g., nucleic acids).

Bone plays far more than just a structural role in our bodies. It actively communicates with our brains and other organs, releasing and responding to signaling molecules that regulate numerous biological processes. This book reviews the classical functions of bone as well as exciting new work that has revealed novel aspects of its biology.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers the recent progress that has been made in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of prostate cancer. The contributors review the normal development, anatomy, and histology of the prostate; the genetic, lifestyle, and dietary factors associated with prostate cancer risk; and the alterations in the genome, epigenetic landscape, transcriptional networks, and metabolic and signaling pathways that drive oncogenesis. The role of the tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer pathogenesis is covered, as are the molecular mechanisms of metastasis. The authors also discuss how mouse models and patient-derived tissues can be used to study aspects of the disease and accelerate the development of appropriate therapies.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. The immune system attacks the myelin sheaths that surround and insulate nerve cells, producing a variety of neurological symptoms. This book examines the molecular basis of the condition, the nature of the autoimmune response, and current treatment and vaccine strategies.

Science is no quiet life. Imagination, creativity, ambition, and conflict are as vital and abundant in science as in artistic endeavors. In this collection of essays, the Nobel Prize-winning protein chemist Max Perutz writes about the pursuit of scientific knowledge, which he sees as an enterprise providing not just new facts but cause for reflection and revelation, as in a poem or painting. Max Perutz's essays explore a remarkable range of scientific topics with the lucidity and precision Perutz brought to his own pioneering work in protein crystallography. He has been hailed as an author who "makes difficult subjects intelligible and writes with the warmth, humanity, and broad culture which has always characterized the great men of science." Of his previous collection of essays, a reviewer said "They turn the world of science and medicine into a marvelous land of adventure which I was thrilled to explore in the company of this wise and human [writer]." Readers of this volume can journey to the same land, with the same delight. Max Perutz (1914-2002) was a brilliant scientist, a visionary of molecular biology, and a writer of elegant essays infused with humanity and wisdom. This expanded paperback edition of his very successful book I Wish I'd Made You Angry Earlier contains nine additional essays, and a warmly evocative portrait of Max by his friend and professional colleague Sir John Meurig Thomas. The original hardcover edition of this book was co-published with Oxford University Press. A paperback edition is also available from Oxford University Press. The expanded paperback edition is only available from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine provides a comprehensive review of the complex molecular machinery that is responsible for cochlear function and describes recent advances in understanding and treating various forms of hearing loss. The contributors focus on the highly specialized cells that are critical for auditory transduction--the hair cells--and their unique molecular and biomechanical characteristics. They also consider the properties of other cochlear components, including the tectorial membrane, synaptic connections, and resident macrophages, as well as the development and evolution of the cochlea as a whole. Topics such as hair cell regeneration, otoacoustic emissions, and ototoxicity are also discussed.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines next-generation sequencing technologies and their use, particularly in translational research. The contributors discuss the various sequencing platforms, their capabilities, and their applications in both research and clinical practice. The roles of next-generation sequencing in diagnosing autism and intellectual disabilities, monitoring cancers during disease progression, and determining the most appropriate drug treatments for patients are also covered.

Diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru develop when PrP proteins form prions by misfolding, clumping together, and spreading from cell to cell. Over the past decade, a number of proteins have been reported to possess the characteristics of PrP prions. A growing collection of disorders has been found to be caused by prions; some of these prion diseases include such devastating illnesses as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's and possibly type 2 diabetes. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers the progress that has recently been made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of prion diseases, as well as ongoing efforts to develop effective therapeutics. The contributors discuss how proteins such as tau, islet amyloid polypeptide, and alpha-synuclein adopt alternative shapes that lead them to aggregate, resulting in cellular degeneration. Therapies for human and animal diseases caused by prions are also covered. This volume is therefore useful for all biomedical scientists and physicians wishing to understand and treat this expanding group of devastating disorders.

Includes interviews with 2018 Nobel Prize Winners James Allison and Tasuku Honjo The way we treat cancer is about to change forever. This revolution--and it is precisely that--was sparked not by the invention of a new drug, but by the evolution of an entirely new way of thinking about and managing cancer. Going forward, doctors will not use pharmaceuticals to attack tumors--not directly. Rather, the oncologist will treat the patient's immune system with a drug, and then the patient will treat the tumor. Based entirely on interviews with the investigators, this book is the story of the immuno-oncology pioneers. It's a story of failure, resurrection, and success. It's a story about science, it's a story about discovery, and intuition, and cunning. It's a peek into the lives and thoughts of some of the most gifted medical scientists on the planet.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology reviews our understanding of the organization, regulation, and dynamics of cell-cell junctions and the roles they play in morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis, and disease. The contributors examine the assembly and structure of different cell-cell adhesion systems, the plasticity of cell-cell junctions (e.g., during cell migration), and how the junctions act as hubs to sense and transduce various mechanical and chemical signals.

Prions are infectious proteins responsible for diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and "mad cow" disease. They are misfolded versions of normal proteins that replicate by converting their normal cellular counterparts into abnormal prion proteins that disrupt cell function and can be transmitted to other cells and individuals. This book examines our under-standing of their structure, biochemistry, and pathophysiology.

The ability to grow new tissue and organs is an important goal of regenerative medicine. This book discusses new research in which cells are grown on artificial scaffolds to build replacement tissue that could be used to treat a variety of conditions and produce more organs desperately needed for transplants.

Genome Science is a textbook and laboratory manual for advanced secondary and post-secondary education. It combines approachable narrative with extensively tested lab exercises that illustrate key concepts of genome biology in humans, invertebrates, and plants. Eighteen labs, organized into four chapters, engage students with both bioinformatics exercises and in vitro experiments. Each chapter also includes an extensive introduction that provides an historical and conceptual framework. This modular structure offers many options for enhancing existing courses, starting new courses, or supporting student research projects. The book is complete with advice for instructors, laboratory planning guidelines, recipes for solutions, and answers to student questions.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology focuses on the critical questions currently debated in the field of immune memory and vaccination. Topics include the plasticity of memory CD4 T cells, the formation of germinal centers by memory B cells, the contributions of natural killer cells to immune memory, and the influence of commensal microbiota on immune responses. Several contributors respond to each question, providing a variety of fresh, concise perspectives on each topic.

Color and learn! Welcome to your familyDLall the wonderful inhabitants of Planet Earth. We share something very special with every human being, animal, plant, and microscopic creature. What do we share with all living things? We are all GENE MACHINES! Discover all the books in the ENJOY YOUR CELLS series, each available in coloring book and full-color formats! Recommended for ages 7 and up.

Color and learn! Planet Earth can be a dangerous place for all living creatures, including you. You can usually escape from erupting volcanoes and floods. You can protect your body from the blazing Sun and freezing snow. But wherever you live and whatever the weather, you cannot escape GERMS! Discover all the books in the ENJOY YOUR CELLS series, each available in coloring book and full-color formats! Recommended for ages 7 and up.

Epilepsy affects millions worldwide and represents a variety of disorders characterized by seizures. This book examines the neurobiological bases of these conditions and current research into treatment strategies.

This collection reviews our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in establishing and maintaining cell polarity, as well as their relevance for human disorders. Contributors discuss how cells coordinate signaling pathways, membrane trafficking, and cytoskeletal remodeling to ensure proper spatial arrangement of cellular components. Processes such as transcytosis, exocyst-mediated vesicle trafficking, and endosomal sorting are covered in detail. Throughout, the focus is on epithelial cells and how polarity mechanisms facilitate the development of their apical and basolateral surfaces, tube formation, exchange of waste and nutrients, and the generation and maintenance of specialized structures at the cell surface.

The machinery that controls how DNA is packaged and genes are activated plays an important role in cancer. This book examines the functions of components of this machinery, how they can be dysregulated, and the prospects for targeting them therapeutically.

Hepatitis B affects hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide and is a leading cause of liver cancer. This book examines our understanding of the biology of the Hepatitis B virus that causes the disease, the immune responses it elicits, and its role in liver cancer. It also discusses the related Hepatitis Delta virus and its effects.