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Während früher in der Bühnentechnik einfache manuelle Antriebe angewendet wurden, wird in der modernen Bühnentechnik hoch spezialisierte Technik mit innovativem Know-how eingesetzt. Daher muss Personal entsprechend geschult werden. Die Ausbildung reicht von Kursen für Handwerker bis zur höheren Ausbildung an Fachhochschulen und Universitäten. Das Buch spricht daher die gesamte Palette an Interessierten an. Lediglich ein Kapitel erfordert technisches Grundlagenwissen.

Die Quantentechnologien entwickeln sich derzeit zu Schlüsseltechnologien für die Zukunft. Aber wie funktioniert ein Quantencomputer, wie kann man mit Photonen abhörsicher Nachrichten übertragen und auf welche Weise macht die Quantenphysik ultragenaue Messungen möglich? Diese Einführung in die Quantentechnologie wendet sich speziell an Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften (Elektrotechnik, Maschinenbau) und der Informatik. Die Grundlagen von Quantencomputing, Quantenkommunikation, Quantenmesstechnik und Quantensimulation werden fundiert dargestellt, ohne dass dabei umfassende physikalische Vorkenntnisse vorausgesetzt werden.

Performing Peace and Friendship. The World Youth Festival and Soviet Cultural Diplomacy represents a pioneering work in Soviet and Cold War history. It is the first English-language, archival based monograph on Soviet cultural diplomacy and the Moscow 1957 World Youth Festival, one of the most frequently referred moments of Khrushchev's Thaw. Through a case-study of the World Youth Festival, the book provides new insights into the Soviet role in the cultural Cold War and offers an explanation why the USSR failed in the cultural battle against the USA and the capitalist system. Furthermore, with a detailed analysis of grass-roots interaction, it re-evaluates the agency of micro-level actors and argues that individuals had more chances for transnational contacts than previous scholarship has shown. With a transnational approach to Soviet cultural diplomacy and cultural exchange the book continues the scholarly work of Michael David-Fox, Anne E. Gorsuch, Susan Reid, Vladislav Zubok, and Rósa Magnúsdóttir.

Cz¿stochowa was the home of the eighth largest Jewish community in Poland. After 1765, when there were 75 Jews in Czestochowa, the community grew steadily. With emancipation in 1862, many Jews migrated to Czestochowa and contributed to its industrial and commercial growth. In 1935, there were 27,162 Jews out of a total population of 127,504. When the Nazis deported Jews to Cz¿stochowa to work in its munition factories, the Jewish population exceeded 50,000. Almost all perished in Treblinka. Anti-Jewish feeling was spurred on by the Church and Fascist groups that organized boycotts of Jewish stores and incited pogroms intended to drive the Jews out of the city. The Jewish labor movement fought unemployment and poor working conditions. Impoverished families were aided by community charitable funds. Jewish philanthropists established the non-sectarian ¿Jewish Hospital,¿ progressive schools, two gymnasia and the ¿New Synagogue.¿ During election seasons, the entire Jewish political spectrum, from the socialist parties to the ultra-Orthodox, competed in the self-governing body, and in the Municipal Council. By 1901, stylishly dressed men and women mixed in the streets with poor religious Jews in their traditional garb. A popular press, libraries, theaters, cinema, sporting events and youth movements gave Cz¿stochowa Jews a variety of cultural choices to suit their politics, artistic taste, and modes of leisure. Public life transformed a dreary factory town into one of the most colorful and celebrated Jewish communities in Poland before and after the First World War.

As in all fields and disciplines of the humanities, Jewish Studies scholars find themselves confronted with the rapidly increasing availability of digital resources (data), new technologies töinterrogate and analyze them (tools), and the question of how to critically engage with these developments. This volume discusses how the digital turn has affected the field of Jewish Studies. It explores the current state of the art and probes how digital developments can be harnessed to address the specific questions, challenges and problems that Jewish Studies scholars confront. In a field characterised by dispersed sources, and heterogeneous scripts and languages that speak to a multitude of cultures and histories, of abundance as well as loss, what is the promise of Digital Humanities methods--and what are the challenges and pitfalls? The articles in this volume were originally presented at the international conference #DHJewish - Jewish Studies in the Digital Age, which was organised at the Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C²DH) at University of Luxembourg in January 2021. The first big international conference of its kind, it brought together more than sixty scholars and heritage practitioners to discuss how the digital turn affects the field of Jewish Studies.

The night has always and almost universally represented a special ¿out of the ordinary¿ temporal zone with its own meanings, possibilities, and dangers. It is only since the modern era that the night has become increasingly ¿normalised¿. Although 24/7 industrial production is often seen as a consequence of capitalist expansion, other political and economic regimes adopted the ¿night shift¿, normalising it as part of an alternative modernity.

This book introduces the concepts at the basis of dynamic measuring systems: vocabulary, modelling, calibration, measurement data analysis, uncertainty evaluation. It also provides the mathematical foundations for signal processing, stochastic processes and control theory, necessary for the analysis of dynamic measurements. Concepts and practical approaches for dynamic calibration and dynamic measurement are introduced to the readership through concrete examples ranging from mechanical quantities and medical ultrasound to the Internet of Things (IoT).

Metrology is part of the essential but largely hidden infrastructure of the modern world. This book concentrates on the infrastructure aspects of metrology. It introduces the underlying concepts: International system of units, traceability and uncertainty; and describes the concepts that are implemented to assure the comparability, reliability and quantifiable trust of measurement results. It is shown what benefits the traditional metrological principles have in fields as medicine or in the evaluation of cyber physical systems.

While the formal speculative qualities of written material and films are well known and understood, the techniques of speculation that are unique to games are undertheorised. By looking to two short games (VA-11 HALL-A and The Hard Way) whose primary mode of interaction is the click, the book elucidates the moment when video games generate speculation.

Staging Authority: Presentation and Power in Nineteenth-Century Europe is a comprehensive handbook on how the presentation, embodiment, and performance of authority changed in the long nineteenth century. It focuses on the diversification of authority: what new forms and expressions of authority arose in that critical century, how traditional authority figures responded and adapted to those changes, and how the public increasingly participated in constructing and validating authority. It pays particular attention to how spaces were transformed to offer new possibilities for the presentation of authority, and how the mediatization of presence affected traditional authority. The handbook's fourteen chapters draw on innovative methodologies in cultural history and the aligned fields of the history of emotions, urban geography, persona studies, gender studies, media studies, and sound studies.

Sport is everything, but never solely sport. The commodification of human pleasure in or about many sports led to an increased political interest and dimension with regard to the major leagues and their stars. Corruption and scandals increased, while the human being in sports was and still is very often exploited or mistreated. These problems often relate to the political dimension as well. Consequently, it seems very promising and necessary alike to take a closer look at the interrelation of sports and politics. The present volume addresses this interrelation from different angles, when talking about issues like racism, gender inequality, or classism.

The theme of the first issue of the yearbook History of Intellectual Culture deals with "Participatory Knowledge". It will target the various ways knowledge is rooted in society through the participation of individuals and groups. Topics may include different kinds of knowledge harnessed within or through communities, modes of producing, circulating, and recording knowledge content.

In this book, the reader will come across one of the lesser known sides of slavery, marked by a highly institutionalized Paternalism, which imposed a sense of family, obedience and punishment on slaves, who were immersed into a religious and castrating morality ideology. Monks became large slaveholders and had to learn to deal with the stubborn resistance of those who refused to peacefully surrender their bodies and minds.

Demystifying the Sacred: Blasphemy and Violence from the French Revolution to Today offers a much-needed analysis of a subject that historians have largely ignored, yet that has considerable relevance for today's world: the powerful connection that exists between offences against the sacred and different forms of violence. Drawing on cases from revolutionary France to the Russia of Vladimir Putin, the international authors probe the nature and agency of local blasphemy accusations, the historical and legal framework in which they were expressed and the violence, both physical and symbolic, accompanying them. In doing so, the volume reveals how cultures of blasphemy, and related acts of heresy, apostasy and sacrilege, were a companion to or acted as a trigger for physical action but also a form of how violence was experienced. More generally, it shows the importance of religious sensibilities in modern society and the violent potential contained in criticism or ridicule of the sacred and secular alike.

This book is the first systematic study of the genealogy, discursive structures, and political implications of the concept of 'Greater India', implying a Hindu colonization of Southeast Asia, and used by extension to argue for a past Indian greatness as a colonial power, reproducible in the present and future. From the 1880s to the 1960s, protagonists of the Greater India theme attempted to make a case for the importance of an expansionist Indian civilisation in civilizing Southeast Asia. The argument was extended to include Central Asia, Africa, North and South America, and other regions where Indian migrants were to be found. The advocates of this Indocentric and Hindu revivalist approach, with Hindu and Indian often taken to be synonymous, were involved in a quintessentially parochial project, despite its apparently international dimensions: to justify an Indian expansionist imagination that viewed India's past as a colonizer and civilizer of other lands as a model for the restoration of that past greatness in the future. Zabarskaite shows that the crucial ideologues and elements used for the formation of the construct of Greater India can be traced to the svadesi movement of the turn of the century, and that Greater India moved easily between the domains of the scholarly and the popular as it sought to establish itself as a form of nationalist self-assertion.

The main subjects of analysis in the present book are the stages of initiation in the grand scheme of Theosophical evolution. These initiatory steps are connected to an idea of evolutionary self-development by means of a set of virtues that are relative to the individual's position on the path of evolution. The central thesis is that these stages were translated from the "Hindu" tradition to the "Theosophical" tradition through multifaceted "hybridization processes" in which several Indian members of the Theosophical Society partook. Starting with Annie Besant's early Theosophy, the stages of initiation are traced through Blavatsky's work to Manilal Dvivedi and T. Subba Row, both Indian members of the Theosophical Society, and then on to the Sanâtana Dharma Text Books. In 1898, the English Theosophist Annie Besant and the Indian Theosophist Bhagavan Das together founded the Central Hindu College, Benares, which became the nucleus around which the Benares Hindu University was instituted in 1915. In this context the Sanâtana Dharma Text Books were published. Mühlematter shows that the stages of initiation were the blueprint for Annie Besant's pedagogy, which she implemented in the Central Hindu College in Benares. In doing so, he succeeds in making intelligible how "esoteric" knowledge was transferred to public institutions and how a broader public could be reached as a result.

In 1974, the Brazilian sports official João Havelange was elected FIFA's president in a two-round election, defeating the incumbent Stanley Rous. The story told by Havelange himself describes a private odyssey in which the protagonist crisscrosses two thirds of the world canvassing for votes and challenging the institutional status quo. For many scholars, Havelange's triumph changed FIFA's (International Federation of Football Association) identity, gradually turning it into a global and immensely wealthy institution. Conversely, the election can be analyzed as a historical event. It can be thought of as a political window by means of which the international dynamic of a specific moment in the Cold War can be perceived. In this regard, this book seeks to understand which actors were involved in the election, how the networks were shaped, and which political agents were directly engaged in the campaign.

While in the last twenty years perceptions of Europe have been subjected to detailed historical scrutiny, American images of the Old World have been almost wantonly neglected. As a response to this scholarly desideratum, this pioneering study analyzes neoconservative images of Europe since the 1970s on the basis of an extensive collection of sources. With fresh insight into the evolution of American images of Europe as well as into the history of U.S. neoconservatism, the book appeals to readers familiar and new to the subject matters alike. The study explores how, beginning in the early 1970s, ideas of the United States as an anti-Europe have permeated neoconservative writing and shaped their self-images and political agitation. The choice of periodization and investigated personnel enables the author to refute popular claims that widespread Euro-critical sentiment in the United Studies during the early 21st century - considerably ignited by neoconservatives - was a distinct post-Cold War phenomenon. Instead, the analysis reveals that the fiery rhetoric in the context of the Iraq War debates was merely the climax of a decade-old development.

The text will present a history of the phenomenological method, with a special focus upon its use in the writing of history and historiography. The inquiry method of phenomenology can be tracked from Aristotle through Hellenism into the Italian Renaissance and Northern European History. A careful focus will be upon twentieth century phenomenology and its turn to the writing of history and historiography.

With respect to public issues, history matters. With the worldwide interest for historical issues related with gender, religion, race, nation, and identity, public history is becoming the strongest branch of academic history. This volume brings together the contributions from historians of education about their engagement with public history, ranging from musealisation and alternative ways of exhibiting to new ways of storytelling.

«Wir danken der Gerda Henkel Stiftung (Düsseldorf, https://www.gerda-henkel-stiftung.de/), dem Stifterverband für die deutsche Wissenschaft (Essen, https://www.stifterverband.org/), der Artemed-Klinikgruppe (Tutzing, https://www.artemed.de/de/) und der Pädagogischen Hochschule FHNW (Basel/Brugg-Windisch, https://www.fhnw.ch/de/die-fhnw/hochschulen/ph) für die großzügige Finanzierung der¿Dießener Klausur Mensch|Maschine|Zukunft 2019¿und damit auch für die Ermöglichung dieses Buches.» Die Digitalisierung von Schule und Hochschule ist keine Frage von digitalen Endgeräten, sondern von Wissen, Ideen und Infrastrukturen.Der Band versammelt Essays von Expertinnen und Experten aus Schulen und Hochschulen, Politik, Journalismus und Computerwelt. Sie formulieren mit aufmerksamer Nachdenklichkeit Konzepte und Erwartungen an Lernen und Lehren der Zukunft, wenn alles digital wird.Das Buch richtet sich an alle, denen die Zukunft der Schule eine Aufgabe und ein Anliegen ist.

Völkische Forschungsparadigmen wirken über die NS-Zeit hinaus und können bis in die Gegenwart verfolgt werden. Erst 1998 stellte der Historikertag in Frankfurt die Verstrickung der Lehrer führender deutscher Sozialhistoriker ins Rampenlicht. Im Zentrum des Bandes stehen die Ursprünge und Auswirkungen völkischer Stereotypen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert und die Radikalisierung, Nazifizierung und Mobilisierung von Wissenschaftlern im Dienste rechtspopulistischer Wissenschaftsfelder in den Jahren bis 1945. Untersucht werden langfristig wirksame Netzwerke und die Kontinuität von Antisemitismus und rassistischem Nationalismus.

Welche Auswirkungen hatte die Wende auf die Karrierechancen von ostdeutschen Wissenschaftlerinnen? Verschlechterten sich insbesondere für Frauen aus den neuen Bundesländern die Berufs- und Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten? Heike Amos untersucht am Beispiel von Physikerinnen erstmalig, welche Folgen der Transformationsprozess für Wissenschaftlerinnen hatte. Die Umbrüche, so ein Ergebnis, trafen Physiker und Physikerinnen zunächst gleichermaßen, erst nach 2000 wurde die Physik in den neuen Bundesländern wieder ¿männlicher und westdeutscher". Anhand von vielen ungedruckten Dokumenten aus zwölf Archiven und eigens geführten Interviews mit Physikerinnen zeichnet Heike Amos die Berufswege der Wissenschaftlerinnen nach und erstellt eine ¿Gruppenbiographie". Zu den bedenkenswerten Aussagen der Befragten gehört, dass sie ¿ obwohl der Herbst 1989 von ihnen mehrheitlich als politisch befreiend erlebt wurde ¿ die Jahre nach der Wende negativ erinnern. Sie nahmen diese Zeit als belastend, enttäuschend und undemokratisch wahr.

Fragt man nach der Rolle des Privaten im Nationalsozialismus, werden meist zwei Thesen aufgeführt: Das Privatleben im Dritten Reich wurde politisiert, andererseits hat ein Rückzug in private Nischen stattgefunden. Unabhängig davon wurde dem zeitgenössischen Verständnis bislang nur wenig Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Diese Studie rekonstruiert unterschiedliche Bedeutungen des Privaten während des NS-Regimes und versteht das Private als ein Deutungsmuster, mit dem gesellschaftliche und politische Prozesse analysiert wurden. Auf der Grundlage von autobiographischen Beiträgen deutscher Emigranten, die 1940 in Harvard gesammelt wurden, zeigt der Autor, dass es zu einer zentralen sprachlichen Praxis wurde, zwischen Privatem und Politischem zu unterscheiden. Ausgrenzung und Verfolgung drangen selbst in die Sprache des Privaten ein. So werden bisherige Forschungen zum Nationalsozialismus um eine neue Sichtweise aus der Historischen Semantik ergänzt.

Der Band bildet die Forschungsgeschichte, Quellen und theoretische Forschungsansätze sowie die Bandbreite der wirtschaftshistorischen Sachgebiete der Alten Geschichte ab. Der Rahmen reicht dabei von ca. 1000 v. Chr. bis ca. 400 n. Chr., den Mittelpunkt bildet die "Kernzeit" der griechisch-römischen Antike von 700 v. Chr. bis 300 n. Chr. Dabei stehen althistorisch-kulturwissenschaftliche Analyse- und Darstellungsmethoden im Vordergrund.

Die in Bauprojekten verwendete Planungsmethode Building Information Modeling (BIM) tangiert auch die Kostenermittlung im Bauwesen. Die sogenannte modellbasierte Kostenermittlung bietet neue Chancen durch die Verwendung von digitalen Bauwerksmodellen als zentrale Informationsquelle. In der derzeitigen Forschung werden die in der Praxis fehlenden Standardisierungen und mangelnde Datenqualität als bestehende Prozessbarrieren aufgezeigt. Es wird ein standardisierter, zielgerichteter Prozessablauf benötigt, um unterbrechungsfrei und effizient arbeiten zu können. Aufbauend auf bestehenden Forschungsarbeiten und dem konventionellen Kostenermittlungsprozess wird der Prozessablauf modellbasierter Kostenermittlung mithilfe von Expertenbefragungen erarbeitet. Dabei werden in dieser Publikation sowohl Prozessschwierigkeiten als auch Prozesslücken beleuchtet und eine Anwendungsempfehlung ausgearbeitet, um bestehende Unterbrüche und Barrieren in der Anwendung zu beheben. Das Ziel der Forschungsarbeit ist die Verbesserung der Anwendung modellbasierter Kostenermittlung im Bauwesen, um ein zeit- und arbeitseffizientes Vorgehen sowie ein belastbares Kostenergebnis zu ermöglichen.

"He used his camera like a doctor would use a stethoscope in order to diagnose the state of the heart. His own was vulnerable.", Cartier-Bresson wrote about David Seymour, who liked to be called Chim. Chim is best known as one of the cofounders of photojournalism's famous cooperative Magnum Photos. Weaving Chim's life and work, this book discovers this empathetic photographer who has been called "The First Human Rights Photographer". In 1947, Chim was one of the four cofounders of the Magnum Photos cooperative with Robert Capa, Henri Cartier-Bresson and George Rodger. He also wrote Magnum's 1955 bylaws, which are still in effect today. But he is the only one of those famous photographers who does not have a full biography to his name. This book examines his life and work from Poland to France to the Spanish Civil War, his work for British intelligence during World War II, his reportage on Europe's children after the war, his reportages on Italian actors, illiteracy and religious festivals in Southern Italy, his coverage of Israel's beginnings before his 1956 death during the Suez war. His complex itinerary is emblematic of the displacements and passages of the XXth century.

Lela Karayanni was a prosperous housewife with seven children, who had no experience in politics or military affairs, and yet she managed to build a formidable escape, espionage and sabotage organization that interacted with the highest levels of British intelligence service agents in Occupied Greece. She joined the SIS shortly after the German occupation of Athens and was betrayed, arrested and executed one month before the Germans¿ departure.

Touts is a historical account of the troubled formation of a colonial labor market in the Gulf of Guinea and a major contribution to the historiography of indentured labor, which has relatively few reference points in Africa. The setting is West Africa's largest island, Fernando Po or Bioko in today's Equatorial Guinea, 100 kilometers off the coast of Nigeria. The Spanish ruled this often-ignored island from the mid-nineteenth century until 1968. A booming plantation economy led to the arrival of several hundred thousand West African, principally Nigerian, contract workers on steamships and canoes. In Touts, Enrique Martino traces the confusing transition from slavery to other labor regimes, paying particular attention to the labor brokers and their financial, logistical, and clandestine techniques for bringing workers to the island. Martino combines multi-sited archival research with the concept of touts as "lumpen-brokers" to offer a detailed study of how commercial labor relations could develop, shift and collapse through the recruiters' own techniques, such as large wage advances and elaborate deceptions. The result is a pathbreaking reconnection of labor mobility, contract law, informal credit structures and exchange practices in African history.