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The book offers an examination of issues, institutions and actors that have become central to Muslim life in the region. Focusing on leadership, authority, law, gender, media, aesthetics, radicalization and cooperation, it offers insights into processes that reshape power structures and the experience of being Muslim. It makes room for perspectives from the region in an academic world shaped by scholarship mostly from Europe and America.

The book explores Peirce's non standard thoughts on a synthetic continuum, topological logics, existential graphs, and relational semiotics, offering full mathematical developments on these areas. More precisely, the following new advances are offered: (1) two extensions of Peirce's existential graphs, to intuitionistic logics (a new symbol for implication), and other non-classical logics (new actions on nonplanar surfaces); (2) a complete formalization of Peirce's continuum, capturing all Peirce's original demands (genericity, supermultitudeness, reflexivity, modality), thanks to an inverse ordinally iterated sheaf of real lines; (3) an array of subformalizations and proofs of Peirce's pragmaticist maxim, through methods in category theory, HoTT techniques, and modal logics. The book will be relevant to Peirce scholars, mathematicians, and philosophers alike, thanks to thorough assessments of Peirce's mathematical heritage, compact surveys of the literature, and new perspectives offered through formal and modern mathematizations of the topics studied.

The International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA - UNESCO chair), University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin, and the Center for Applied Mathematics of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Nis, CAM-FMEN, organized a webinar on Mathematics for human flourishing in the time of COVID-19 and post COVID-19, 21 October 2020, supported by the City of Nis. The objectives of the webinar were to give precise information about the work that scientists do to cure the disease, to push forward technology, to understand our society and create new expressions of humanity, and to question the role of mathematics in the responses to this pandemic.

Dieses Buch dient der Vorbereitung fur den Teil der Staatsprufung, der von vielen Kandidaten als besonders angsterregend angesehen wird. Einige allgemeine Bemerkungen uber die mundliche Prufung und die Situation, in der sich der Kandidat befindet, geben konkrete Handlungsanweisungen fur alle Arten der mundlichen Prufung. Sodann werden einige Prufungsgesprache skizziert. Dabei handelt es sich nicht um "e;echte Prufungsgesprache"e;, sondern es sind fingierte, die zudem die Wiederholung des Pflichtfachstoffs ermoglichen sollen. Die Neuauflage geht auf Gesetzesanderungen und aktuelle Prufungsbedingungen ein. Sie wurde zudem erganzt um einen Teil zum Kurzvortrag im mundlichen Examen, den inzwischen mehrere Bundeslander eingefuhrt haben.

Wolff's book defends the Kantian idea of a "general logic" whose principles underlie special systems of deductive logic. It thus undermines "logical pluralism," which tolerates the co-existence of divergent systems of modern logic without asking for consistent common principles. Part I of Wolff's book identifies the formal language in which the most general principles of logic must be expressed. This language turns out to be a version of syllogistic language already used by Aristotle. The universal validity of logical principles, as well as the translatability of other logical languages into this language, are shown to depend only on the meanings of its logical vocabulary. Part II of the book answers the metalogical question concerning the deductive relation between general logic and special logical systems, which also have their own (less general) principles. This part identifies the rules according to which logical rules can be derived from principles. The main result of the book is that the highest principles of logic and metalogics are provided by the syllogistic, when properly understood.

Volume 3 From Mixed Metal Oxide Pigments to Zinc Sulfi de Pigments With contributions on various industrially important dyes, inorganic pigments and organic pigments A comprehensive overview on all important dyes, inorganic and organic pigments supplemented by information on all relevant applications and color fundamentals The chapters are clearly structured and arranged in alphabetical order in the 3-volumes.

This book is intended to be used as a rather informal, and surely not complete, textbook on the subjects indicated in the title. It collects my Lecture Notes held during three academic years at the University of Siena for a one semester course on "Basic Mathematical Physics", and is organized as a short presentation of few important points on the arguments indicated in the title. It aims at completing the students' basic knowledge on Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) - dealing in particular with those of higher order - and at providing an elementary presentation of the Partial Differential Equations (PDE) of Mathematical Physics, by means of the classical methods of separation of variables and Fourier series. For a reasonable and consistent discussion of the latter argument, some elementary results on Hilbert spaces and series expansion in othonormal vectors are treated with some detail in Chapter 2. Prerequisites for a satisfactory reading of the present Notes are not only a course of Calculus for functions of one or several variables, but also a course in Mathematical Analysis where - among others - some basic knowledge of the topology of normed spaces is supposed to be included. For the reader's convenience some notions in this context are explicitly recalled here and there, and in particular as an Appendix in Section 1.4. An excellent reference for this general background material is W. Rudin's classic Principles of Mathematical Analysis. On the other hand, a complete discussion of the results on ODE and PDE that are here just sketched are to be found in other books, specifically and more deeply devoted to these subjects, some of which are listed in the Bibliography. In conclusion and in brief, my hope is that the present Notes can serve as a second quick reading on the theme of ODE, and as a first introductory reading on Fourier series, Hilbert spaces, and PDE

The book covers production, structure, properties and potential applications of nanocellular polymers fabricated by using foaming methods. These materials are porous materials with pore sizes in the nanometer range, processed as bulk or film materials, from a wide set of polymers. Reduction of pore size to the nanoscale drastically modifies important properties such as thermal conductivity, optical properties, mechanical properties and specific surface area among others providing improved properties and promising applications for these materials in automotive, aeronautic, renewable energies, construction, filtration or thermal insulation.

Effective team work is essential if innovation projects are to succeed. How to create high-performing innovation teams provides practical guidance and advice on how to create high-performing teams regardless of type or size of company, organization, or public institution. It offers the reader pivotal tools and insights to use in practice. Both the theory and practice for creating high-performing innovation teams are discussed and new tools and insights are provided for managers, consultants, and academics. It answers the call for rapid innovation to respond to the increasingly changing market and to shorter product life cycles. How to create high-performing innovation team addresses specifically the factors that enable innovation work from the perspective of the organization, the innovation team, and its members. In addition to co-located innovation teams, the book also discusses the differences among global organizations and what to consider in the creation of global high-performing innovation teams.

The rise of far-right communities on digital platforms is a global crisis. Digital Islamophobia tracks far-right groups where they are a virtual and vicious threat, exploring how these networks grow, develop, and circulate Islamophobic hate-speech on Twitter. Reconstructing this media ecosystem, Digital Islamophobia traces the reactionary political ideologies animating these groups through feminist data analytic techniques in a transnational study of German and American far-right, digitally networked users. This work illustrates far-right communities using data visualization techniques, identifies a taxonomy of user-types, analyzes themes and stories that motivate far-right users, and tracks the spread of linked forms of anti-Muslim sentiment, reactionary ideologies, and (mis)information. In doing so, Digital Islamophobia details how far-right discourse is not merely national, or even transatlantic, but increasingly transnationalized among American, German, as well as Indian and Nigerian digital networks. By tracking and tracing the contours of these far-right digital communities on Twitter and analyzing the content of their conversations, Digital Islamophobia provides policy-makers, researchers, and scholars with a potential road-map to stop them.

This book analyzes the impact of abusive regimes of power on women's lives and on their self-expression through close readings of life writing by women in communist Romania. In particular, it examines the forms of agency and privacy available to women under totalitarianism and the modes of relationships in which their lives were embedded. The self-expression and self-reflexive processes that are to be found in the body of Romanian women's autobiographical writings this study presents create complex private narratives that underpin the creative development of inclusive memories of the past through shared responsibility and shared agency. At the same time, however, the way these private, personal narratives intertwined with collective and official historical narratives exemplifies the multidimensional nature of privacy as well as the radical redefinition of agency in this period. This book argues for a broader understanding of the narratives of the communist past, one that reflects the complexity of individual and social interactions and allows a deep exploration of the interconnected relations between memory, trauma, nostalgia, agency, and privacy.

This book's subject lies in the nexus of partial differential equations, operator theory, and complex analysis. The spectral analysis of the complex Laplacian and the compactness of the d-bar-Neumann operator are primary topics.The revised 2nd edition explores updates to Schrödinger operators with magnetic fields and connections to the Segal Bargmann space (Fock space), to quantum mechanics, and the uncertainty principle.

This volume is dedicated to the legacy of David R. Adams (1941-2021) and discusses calculus of variations, functional - harmonic - potential analysis, partial differential equations, and their applications in modeling, mathematical physics, and differential - integral geometry.

This book reflects the most recent research devoted to a systematized perspective and a critical (re)construction of previous theoretical attempts of explaining, justifying and continuing Kuhn's ingenious hypothesis in arts. Hofstadter, Clignet and Habermas revealed to be the most engaged scholars in solving this aesthetic "puzzled-problem". In this context, the structural similarities between science and arts are attentively evaluated, thus satisfying an older concern attributed to the historical Kuhn-Kubler dispute, extensively commented along the pages of this book. How can we track the matter of rationality and truth in art and aesthetics, inspired by scientific perspectives? Are artistic styles similar to scientific paradigms? Are we entitled to pursue paradigms and masterpieces as rational models in science, respectively in arts? On what possible grounds can we borrow from science notions such as progress and predictability, in the study of the evolution of art and its aesthetic backgrounds? Are the historical dynamics of science and art affected by political factors in the same manner? This book will be of interest to philosophers, but also to historians of science and historians of art alike in the reassessment it provides of recent debates on reshaping the art world using Kuhn's "paradigm shift".

This book uses numerical analysis as the main tool to investigate methods in machine learning and neural networks. The efficiency of neural network representations for general functions and for polynomial functions is studied in detail, together with an original description of the Latin hypercube method and of the ADAM algorithm for training. Furthermore, unique features include the use of Tensorflow for implementation session, and the description of on going research about the construction of new optimized numerical schemes.

How to grasp poetry in its contemporary digital situation, a situation wherein poetry travels across digital and analoge media platforms and intended or not collaborates with computers? Situating Scandinavian Poetry in the Computational Network environment investigates how heterogeneous forms of poetry in Scandinavia interact with and work in a digital media environment, how digital programmable and network media intervene with and shape new poetic forms or remediate older forms of poetry, and how digital and digitalized poetry through its self-reflexivity sheds light on digital media technology and its role for poetry and potentially for literature and aesthetics more in general. In doing so, it also argues for the importance of close reading poetry in digital media. It includes an historical and theoretical approach to poetry in digital media and analysis of poetic works in Scandinavia. The book is written within the framework of posthumanism and what N. Katerine Hayles calls "technogenesis", and makes up the argument that contemporary poetry constitutes and is constituted by a computational network environment of human and non-human subjects, wherein poems travels in an egalitarian media ecology . The book is relevant for researchers and students in the field of poetry, students and researchers in the field of literary studies, media studies and digital culture studies, and teachers interested in presenting newer forms of poetry for their students.

This volume includes several perspectives on how to connect the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals with the 12 principles of green chemistry, and green chemistry education.

Les textes réunis dans ces quatre volumes portent sur l'histoire et la philosophie des mathématiques et de leurs applications. Les trois premiers tomes sont consacrés à l'histoire des mathématiques (arithmétique, algèbre, géométrie), de l'optique et de l'astronomie, de l'Antiquité à l'Âge classique. Les très nombreuses études qu'ils contiennent ont renouvelé, au cours des cinquante dernières années, l'étude des principaux mathématiciens grecs - Euclide, Archimède, Apollonius, Diophante, Ménélaüs - et ont montré quelle a été la nature et la portée de leur réception et de leurs transformations, tant dans l'Islam classique qu'au cours de la première modernité européenne. Le quatrième volume fonde et explore divers champs de recherche entre philosophie et mathématiques, des interactions polymorphes propres à la science grecque, arabe et latine jusqu'à la mathématisation des sciences sociales au XVIIIe siècle. Tant par la nouveauté des matériaux découverts et édités pour la première fois que par la puissance et la finesse qui en guident toujours l'analyse épistémologique, les dizaines de contributions ici rassemblées représentent une oeuvre majeure, qui a changé l'histoire des sciences de notre temps.

When EU member states signed the Treaty of Lisbon in 2007, they did not anticipate the manifold crises in store for them over the following years. Instead of the intended consolidation of a Union which had just gone through its most profound modernisation and biggest round of enlargements, the EU has since then had to weather a wide range of political, economic, social, legal, health and even military crises with major repercussions within and beyond its own territory. Indeed, this time of polycrisis has induced change on many levels: Across the continent and its many fora of European supra-, trans- and international collaboration, established institutions, rule systems and normative frameworks have been put into question and power balances have been shifting. Against this background, actors from social, political, economic and cultural life have sought new ways to overcome the manifold pressing problems of their time, be it through intensified collaboration or attempts to increasingly resolve issues at the national level.　 This volume offers a compilation of case studies on EU crisis responses, covering the most impactful of the various crises the EU has had to face in recent years. It provides theoretical and conceptual guidelines for the study of political actors' responses to crisis at all levels of the EU multilevel governance system and beyond.

Mass Protests in Iran: From Resistance to Overthrow explores the various waves of protests in Iran over the past 44 years, surveying their causes, consequences, and outcomes. The author argues that the regime and its support base of fundamentalist groups constitute a minority in Iran and lack legitimacy, and thus the regime uses repression and violence to secure its rule. The result is a pre-revolutionary situation and a shifting political landscape of overthrows, constant mass protests and mass repression. Kazemzadeh's analysis highlights the factors that would assist the fundamentalist regime in succeeding in suppressing these protests, and the factors that would assist the Iranian people in defeating the fundamentalist regime.Written in an accessible style, this timely book offers a much-needed contribution to the literature on Iranian politics. It will be of interest to students and scholars, as well as policy makers, interested in Middle Eastern studies, social movements, protest movements, political science and sociology.

This work is a historical study of the philosophical writings emerging from Imperial Russia's theological "academies" - Orthodoxy's higher educational institutions that ran parallel to the secular universities - from their inception to the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution. Unlike with nineteenth century Russian revolutionary thought, there are few secondary studies of the philosophical works stemming from the academies. These philosophical works focused on ontology and, as such, stand in sharp contrast to the shift toward epistemology in that century as happened in Germany. Another feature of the "academy" philosophies was the continual and explicit attempt to set themselves apart from the pervasive "subjectivism" of Western philosophical systems, although a largely unacknowledged influence persisted. At no time did the academy philosophers look to rational inquiry for more than an assist in understanding their theology. Instead they appealed to tradition and to an alleged direct insight into religious truths at the expense of logic and rational argument. The ultimate result was the pecular historical insularity of their community and concomitantly a subservience to the political state, traits that persist to this day.

This volume introduces noncommutative integration theory on semifinite von Neumann algebras and the theory of singular traces for symmetric operator spaces. Deeper aspects of the association between measurability, poles and residues of spectral zeta functions, and asymptotics of heat traces are studied. Applications in Connes' noncommutative geometry that are detailed include integration of quantum differentials, measures on fractals, and Connes' character formula concerning the Hochschild class of the Chern character.

An examination of the terms used in specific historical contexts to refer to those people in a society who can be categorized as being in a position of 'strong asymmetrical dependency' (including slavery) provides insights into the social categories and distinctions that informed asymmetrical social interactions. In a similar vein, an analysis of historical narratives that either justify or challenge dependency is conducive to revealing how dependency may be embedded in (historical) discourses and ways of thinking. The eleven contributions in the volume approach these issues from various disciplinary vantage points, including theology, global history, Ottoman history, literary studies, and legal history. The authors address a wide range of different textual sources and historical contexts - from medieval Scandinavia and the Fatimid Empire to the history of abolition in Martinique and human rights violations in contemporary society. While the authors contribute innovative insights to ongoing discussions within their disciplines, the articles were also written with a view to the endeavor of furthering Dependency Studies as a transdisciplinary approach to the study of human societies past and present.

In times of current crisis, the voices of women are needed more than ever. The accumulation of war and environmental catastrophes teaches us that exploitation of people and nature through violent appropriation and enrichment for the sake of short-term self-interest exacts its price. This book presents contributions on the currently most relevant and most urgent issues: reshaping the economy, environmental problems, technology and the re-reading of history from the non-western and western tradition. With an outlook into the problems of class, race and gender in its intersectional framing, the collection offers a unique overview of current research in these fields and contributes to the renewal and contemporary presentation of feminist thought from partly concrete perspectives with regard to factual issues.

Die 1876 von Wilhelm Braune als Neudrucke deutscher Literaturwerke des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts begrundete Reihe wird seit 1961 in einer neuen Folge fortgefuhrt. Je nach Eigenart und Bedeutung der Autoren und Werke finden Gesamtausgaben ebenso Aufnahme wie Auswahlausgaben oder Einzelwerke, fur die ihrer Bedeutung und Uberlieferung wegen eine kritische Edition erforderlich ist.

Der Band setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, wie das Verhältnis von Kunst und Moral beschaffen ist. Diente sie im Feudalismus vornehmlich Adel und Klerus der Legitimation ihrer privilegierten Stellung, avancierte die Kunst seit der Neuzeit zu einer subversiven Kraft. Vor diesem Hintergrund entwickelte sich ein progressives Kunstverständnis, das sie als Teil einer kritischen Gegenöffentlichkeit begreift, deren Aufgabe es sei, ungerechte Machtverhältnisse zu kritisieren und für alternative Lebensentwürfe zu werben. Diese Sichtweise wird heute von verschiedener Seite herausgefordert. Ein aktuelles Problem betrifft die Frage, wie weit die künstlerische Freiheit gehen darf und wo die Grenzen des moralisch Erlaubten erreicht sind, wie die Diskussionen über die Aktionen des Zentrums für politische Schönheit oder die Arbeiten von Jonathan Meese zeigen. Auch die Debatte, inwiefern sich ästhetischer und moralischer Wert eines Kunstwerks trennen lassen und ob Kunst immer im Licht der Absichten oder gar des Charakters des Künstlers interpretiert werden muss, ist heute von größter Brisanz, wie der Fall Handke verdeutlicht. Aus der Sicht unterschiedlicher Disziplinen beziehen die hier versammelten Beiträge Stellung zu diesem Themenkomplex.

Zeit gilt heute als der wahre Luxus. Zumindest legt ein Blick in Magazine, Ratgeberliteratur und Umfrageergebnisse nahe, dass diese Gleichsetzung zu einem Topos der Gegenwart geworden ist. Luxus, verstanden als höchst relative und stets neu auszuhandelnde Kategorie von Überfluss und Überschuss, lässt sich demnach nicht nur auf ein materielles, sondern auch ein zeitliches Maß bzw. Übermaß beziehen.Die Beiträge des interdisziplinär ausgerichteten Bandes mit literaturwissenschaftlichem Schwerpunkt nehmen diese vielschichtige Korrelation unter den modernen Bedingungen einer markant erhöhten Ambivalenz des Luxus seit seiner ökonomischen und anthropologischen Aufwertung im 18. Jahrhundert in den Blick.Die Allianz von Zeit und Luxus ist höchst zweischneidig. ¿Zeit ist Geld¿ ¿ die Gleichung, die Franklin 1748 prominent formuliert hat, impliziert die Umrechenbarkeit von zeitlichem in materiellen Aufwand und wendet sich gegen Zeitverschwendung analog zu Geldvergeudung. Unter umgekehrten Vorzeichen kann die zeitliche Verausgabung als (vor-)gelebter Luxus indes zum Statussymbol werden, worauf beispielsweise Thorstein Veblens Begriff der conspicuous leisure, der ostentativen Freizeit, rekurriert.Wird Literatur ¿ positiv oder negativ ¿ mit Luxus verbunden, so besonders gerne über die temporale Dimension ihrer Produktion wie Rezeption. Dies zeigt sich etwa in der ¿Lesesucht¿-Debatte um 1800, wenn der extensive Konsum von Romanen als »Leseluxus« bezeichnet wird. Textimmanent beteiligt sich Literatur sowohl auf der Ebene der Sujets ¿ z.B. mit Inszenierungen von ¿Auszeiten¿ wie Langeweile und Muße oder mit zeitökonomisch dubiosen Figuren von Flaneuren, Müßiggängern und Nichtsnutzen ¿ als auch auf der Verfahrensebene (mit ¿luxurierendem Erzählen¿ im Sinne schwelgerischen Schilderns unter rhetorischer Ausschweifung und exzessivem Verbrauch von Erzählzeit etc.) an der Verhandlung von Zeit-Luxus.Der Sammelband beleuchtet die facettenreiche Beziehung von Luxus und Zeit, die vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender Kulturkritik aus ökologischer ebenso wie anthropologischer Perspektive aktuell an Bedeutung gewinnt.