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Sharks in Mexico: Research and Conservation, Volume 83 in the Advances in Marine Biology series, provides in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of marine biology that will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology and biological oceanography. New chapters cover The Sharks of Pacific Mexico and their Conservation - Why Should we Care?, Biodiversity and Conservation of Sharks in Pacific Mexico, Shark Ecology, The Role of the Apex Predator and Current Conservation Status, Review of Current Genetic Analyses for Sharks of Pacific Mexico and Conservation Implications, and much more. Reviews articles on the latest advances in marine biologyAuthored by leading figures in their respective fields of studyPresents material that is widely used by managers, students and academic professionals in the marine sciences

Recent Advances in Topological Ferroics and Their Dynamics, Volume 70 in the Solid State Physics series, provides the latest information on the branch of physics that is primarily devoted to the study of matter in its solid phase, especially at the atomic level. This prestigious serial presents timely and state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid state physics.Contains contributions from leading authorities in the study of solid state physics, especially at the atomic levelInforms and updates on all the latest developments in the fieldPresents timely, state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid state physics

Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, Volume 53, presents the latest reviews of recent work in physical organic chemistry. It provides a valuable source of information that is ideal not only for physical organic chemists applying their expertise to both novel and traditional problems, but also for non-specialists across diverse areas who identify a physical organic component in their approach to research. Its hallmark is a quantitative, molecular level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines. Chapters in this updated release include Theoretical models for activation and reaction energies in chemical reactions, Chiral induction in asymmetric dual catalysis, and The transition state. Reviews the application of quantitative and mathematical methods to help readers understand chemical problemsProvides the chemical community with authoritative and critical assessments of the many aspects of physical organic chemistryCovers organic, organometallic, bioorganic, enzymes and materials topicsPresents the only regularly published resource for reviews in physical organic chemistryWritten by authoritative experts who cover a wide range of topics that require a quantitative, molecular-level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 98, provides an in-depth accounting of progress in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its many applications. In recent years, no other technique has gained as much significance. It is also used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required, and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. This book has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists who are looking to become familiar with new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy.Serves as the premier resource for learning the new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy Provides a key reference for chemists and physicists using NMR spectroscopy to study the structure and dynamics of moleculesCovers all aspects of molecular science, including MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Electric Drives and Electromechanical Devices, Second Edition, presents a unified approach to the design and application of modern drive system. It explores problems involved in assembling complete, modern electric drive systems involving mechanical, electrical and electronic elements. The work provides a global overview of design, specification applications, important design information and methodologies. This new edition has been restructured to present a seamless, logical discussion on a wide range of topical problems relating to the design and specification of the complete motor-drive system. The book is organised to establish immediate solutions to specific application problem. Subsidiary issues that have a considerable impact of the overall performance and reliability, including environmental protection and costs, energy efficiency, and for networked applications, cyber security, are also considered. This text aims to fill the gap between highly analytic academic text books and the handbooks issued by a number of drive and system manufacturers.Presents a comprehensive consideration of electromechanical systems, combining traditional concepts and cutting-edge developmentsProvides insights into the complete drive system, including required sensors, mechanical components, and controlFeatures in-depth discussion of control schemes, particularly focusing on practical operationIncludes extensive references to modern application domains and real-world case studies, such as electric vehiclesConsiders the cyber aspects of drives, including networking and securityAdopts specific standards and current industrial practices

Handbook of Ionic Substituted Hydroxyapatites provides scientists and researchers with comprehensive information on the synthesis processes of hydroxyapatite, also explaining the application of substituted hydroxyapatite. The book''s content is very structured and explanatory, starting with a detailed overview of biological apatite in bones and teeth, as well as a presentation of the analytical tools for hydroxyapatite. Bioceramics and the relative modern and emerging processing techniques are covered, as is 3-D printing, which has gained increasing importance within biomedical materials and in the use of hydroxyapatite in tissue engineering. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of using ionic substitutions in clinical application are presented. Students and researchers in disciplines, such as Material Science, Ceramics, and Bioengineering will find this book to be very helpful in their work. It will also be a valuable resource for practitioners and surgeons in orthopedics, perio/implantology and maxillo-facial disciplines, and professionals working in R&D in ceramics and pharmaceuticals.Provides responses to the lack of scientific information about hydroxyapatites for biomedical applicationsSolves researchers'' issues regarding phase changes with respect to substituted ions and how these substitutions can alter/improve the properties of stoichiometric hydroxyapatiteExplains modern clinical applications and the effects of apatites within biomedical applications Includes both the advantages and disadvantages of using ionic substitutions in clinical application

Microbolometers: Fundamentals, Materials, and Recent Developments describes the fundamentals of microbolometers, their historic evolution, operational principles and material choices. It also explains the impact of materials on the processing and development of device characteristics. Sections address various aspects of optical properties and recommend models of properties of materials of interest for the fabrication of the uncooled microbolometers. In addition, the book presents two case studies, Honeywell and Texas Instruments, that focus on the design and manufacture of microbolometers. Finally, recent developments, applications, patents and future trends are presented. The chapter on patents will summarize the strengths and weaknesses of each of the technologies. "Please note that there is an error on the Dedication page, it should read: "To my sister, Math. G.Y. Premalatha, and my brother-in-law, the late Professor G.N. Yoganarasimhan, Professor of Water Resources Engineering and Management, for showing me the direction” Describes the fundamentals of uncooled infrared detectors, operational principles and material approaches Includes case studies based on Honeywell and Texas Instruments'' work on microbolometers Provides analyses of current patents with a look towards their strengths and weaknesses

Piezocone and cone penetration tests (CPTu and CPT) applications in foundation engineering includes different approaches for determining the bearing capacity of shallow foundations, along with methods for determining pile bearing capacity and settlement concepts. The use of soft computing (GMDH) neural networks related to CPT records and Geotechnical parameters are also discussed. In addition, different cases regarding the behavior of foundation performance using case records, such as shallow foundation, deep soil improvement, soil behavior classification (SBC), and bearing capacity are also included.Provides the latest on CPT and CPTu performance in geotechnical engineering, i.e., bearing capacity, settlement, liquefaction, soil classification and shear strength predictionIntroduces soft computing methods for processing soil properties and pile bearing capacity via CPT and CPTuExplains CPT and CPTu testing methods which allows for the continuous, or virtually continuous, record of ground conditions

Development of Packaging and Products for Use in Microwave Ovens, Second Edition, supports the efficient design of microwaveable food products and packaging materials, explaining all essential aspects in a detailed and systematic way. This new edition reviews recent developments and the latest cutting-edge technology, including new materials and package formats, new ideas for product development, and new information on developments in microwave technology. Sections cover the effect of food dielectric properties and heating uniformity, microwave packaging materials, product development, food, packaging, oven safety, and the computer modelling of microwave products and active packaging. Written by a distinguished team of international contributors, this book is not only a valuable resource for engineers, manufacturers and product developers in the food and packaging industries, but also a great research tool for industrial R&D and academia.Enables the reader to understand product and packaging materials for microwave ovens down to a highly technical and detailed levelOffers systematic coverage on all aspects involved, including principles, materials, design, product development and modellingIncludes the very latest developments in products and packaging, including smart packaging and solid state technology

Hybrid Composite Precast Systems: Numerical Investigation to Construction focuses on the design and construction of novel composite precast frame systems that permit almost effortless erection and structural efficiency. The precast frame systems discussed in the book are similar to that of steel frames, but offer similar savings to concrete frames. The design of connections and detailed analysis of their structural behavior is discussed in detail. Fundamentals with regards to the post yield behavior of concrete and metal are also presented to illustrate how these two different materials are integrated together to remove individual material drawbacks. Readers are given a broad introduction to existing technologies that are then combined with a description of the construction methods the author proposes. This book will help the end users become familiar with the existing types of structural forms, not just the "Lego" type frame system that the author proposes. Discusses how traditional construction methods can be replaced by innovative hybrid composite precast frame systems that provide rapid and effortless erection capabilities and structural efficiency Contains several design examples using non-linear finite element analysis completed with Abaqus based-software Contains new milestone inventions in construction that offer structural engineering solutions using a novel, modularized hybrid frame systemProvides information on structural testing that verifies the accuracy of the structural design

Chalcogenide: From 3D to 2D and Beyond reviews graphene-like 2D chalcogenide systems that include topological insulators, interesting thermoelectric structures, and structures that exhibit a host of spin phenomena that are unique to 2D and lower-dimensional geometries. The book describes state-of-the-art materials in growth and fabrication, magnetic, electronic and optical characterization, as well as the experimental and theoretical aspects of this family of materials. Bulk chalcogenides, chalcogenide films, their heterostructures and low-dimensional chalcogenide-based quantum structures are discussed. Particular attention is paid to findings that are relevant to the continued search for new physical phenomena and new functionalities. Finally, the book covers the enormous opportunities that have emerged as it has become possible to achieve lower-dimensional chalcogenide structures by epitaxial techniques.Provides readers with foundational information on the materials growth, fabrication, magnetic, electronic and optical characterization of chalcogenide materialsDiscusses not only bulk chalcogenides and chalcogenide thin films, but also two-dimensional chalcogenide materials systemsReviews the most important applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and thermoelectrics

Many processes in nature arise from the interaction of periodic phenomena with random phenomena. The results are processes that are not periodic, but whose statistical functions are periodic functions of time. These processes are called cyclostationary and are an appropriate mathematical model for signals encountered in many fields including communications, radar, sonar, telemetry, acoustics, mechanics, econometrics, astronomy, and biology. Cyclostationary Processes and Time Series: Theory, Applications, and Generalizations addresses these issues and includes the following key features.Presents the foundations and developments of the second- and higher-order theory of cyclostationary signalsPerforms signal analysis using both the classical stochastic process approach and the functional approach for time seriesProvides applications in signal detection and estimation, filtering, parameter estimation, source location, modulation format classification, and biological signal characterizationIncludes algorithms for cyclic spectral analysis along with Matlab/Octave codeProvides generalizations of the classical cyclostationary model in order to account for relative motion between transmitter and receiver and describe irregular statistical cyclicity in the data

Polymer Composites in the Aerospace Industry, Second Edition, summarizes the latest research and developments on the design, manufacture and performance of composite components for aerospace structures. Sections cover the modeling, structure and behavior of 2D and 3D woven composites, the manufacture processes used for composite materials and components, buckling and compressive strength of laminates and manufacturing defects in composite materials, aspects of composite performance in aerospace structural design, including chapters on modeling stiffness and strength of structural elements, fatigue under uniaxial and multiaxial loads, fracture mechanics, impact strength and fatigue, crashworthiness, design and failure analysis of bolted joints, and much more. This updated edition is an essential reference resource for engineers, scientists and designers working in the development of composite materials in aerospace applications. Presents detailed discussions on the design, modeling and analysis of conventional and advanced polymer composites used in aerospace applicationsProvides an in-depth understanding of the performance parameters of aerospace composites, such as strength, stiffness and fatigue, impact and blast resistanceIncludes significant developments that have occurred since 2015 (in production and manufacturing, fatigue modeling, test standards, adhesive bonding and repair and service techniques) Features a brand new section on design applications, including helicopter components, fixed wing landing gear, aircraft wings and fuselage

Applied Analysis of Composite Media: Analytical and Computational Approaches presents formulas and techniques that can used to study 2D and 3D problems in composites and random porous media. The main strength of this book is its broad range of applications that illustrate how these techniques can be applied to investigate elasticity, viscous flow and bacterial motion in composite materials. In addition to paying attention to constructive computations, the authors have also included information on codes via a designated webpage. This book will be extremely useful for postgraduate students, academic researchers, mathematicians and industry professionals who are working in structured media.Provides a uniform, computational methodology that can be applied to the main classes of transport and elastic problems by using a combination of exact formulae, advanced simulations and asymptotic methodsIncludes critical phenomena in transport and elastic problems for composites and porous mediaApplies computational methodology to biological structures Presents computer protocols/algorithms that can be used for materials design

Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare, Second Edition, enables users to obtain detailed knowledge of decontamination practices in healthcare settings, including surfaces, devices, clothing and people, with a specific focus on hospitals and dental clinics.Offers in-depth coverage of all aspects of decontamination in healthcareExamines the decontamination of surgical equipment and endoscopesExpanded to include new information on behavioral principles in decontamination, control of microbiological problems, waterborne microorganisms, pseudomonas and the decontamination of laundry

Representative Volume Elements and Unit Cells: Concepts, Theory, Applications and Implementation clearly explains how representative volume elements and unit cells should to be accurately constructed in terms of finite element analysis, the imposition of boundary conditions, prescription of loads, meshing and post-processing. The theoretical background for using FEA in materials characterization is given in full, hence readers will gain a clear and detailed understanding of the underlying principles that they can use in the development of their own models. Full derivations for some commonly used unit cells are presented so that users can directly apply them in their own developments. Finally, a piece of code designed as an add-on to Abaqus software, UnitCells©, is provided on a companion site for the material characterization of some of the common types of composites. in addition, a user manual and relevant templates are included. Give users the information they need to feel more confident when using REV/UC models to analysis large structures with accuracy and efficiencyIncludes systematic explanations of REV and UC theories, as well as their applications in compositesIllustrates, in detail, how to set up unit cell models and provides the open source code to implement via Abaqus

Octacalcium Phosphate Biomaterials: Past, Present and Future is a comprehensive study of octacalcium phosphate (OCP), a next generation biomaterial for bone regeneration. By focusing both on fundamental research and the use of OCP as a scaffold material, this book explores its potential to deliver improved clinical results. Early chapters in the book discuss OCP''s effects on bone cell activity, cellular interactions and their role in bone formation, repair and replacement. Later chapters cover topics such as drug delivery, synthesis methodologies and future analysis techniques. This will be an invaluable and unique resource for researchers, clinicians, students and industrialists in the area of orthopedics and dentistry. OCP is known to be a pre-cursor to hydroxyapatite in the human biomineralization process that forms bone and tooth enamel. Research studies that have emerged in recent years suggest OCP''s tremendous potential as a bioactive material. Contains comprehensive, up-to-date information on the basic science, including physical, chemical and biological properties Presents the clinical potential of octacalcium phosphate biomaterialsProvides a reference point for new research and increased activity in the area of next generation smarter biomaterials for hard tissue repair and regeneration

This textbook presents in a single volume the basic essentials of the properties and processing behaviour of plastics. The aim is to give engineers and technologists a sound understanding of these principles without the introduction of unduly complex levels of mathematics or chemistry.

Handbook of Econometrics, Volume 7A, examines recent advances in foundational issues and "hot" topics within econometrics, such as inference for moment inequalities and estimation of high dimensional models. With its world-class editors and contributors, it succeeds in unifying leading studies of economic models, mathematical statistics and economic data. Our flourishing ability to address empirical problems in economics by using economic theory and statistical methods has driven the field of econometrics to unimaginable places. By designing methods of inference from data based on models of human choice behavior and social interactions, econometricians have created new subfields now sufficiently mature to require sophisticated literature summaries.

Ship and Mobile Offshore Unit Automation: A Practical Guide: A Practical Guide gives engineers a much-needed reference on relevant standards and codes, along with practical case studies on how to use these standards on actual projects and plans. Packed with the critical procedures necessary for each phase of the project, the book also gives an outlook on trends of development for control and monitoring systems, including usage of artificial intelligence in software development and prospects for the use of autonomous vessels.Rounding out with a glossary and introductory chapter specific to the new marine engineer just starting, this book delivers a source of valuable information to help offshore engineers be better prepared to safely and efficiently design today's offshore unit control systems.

Applied Petroleum Geomechanics provides a bridge between theory and practice as a daily use reference that contains direct industry applications. Going beyond the basic fundamentals of rock properties, this guide covers critical field and lab tests, along with interpretations from actual drilling operations and worldwide case studies, including abnormal formation pressures from many major petroleum basins. Rounding out with borehole stability solutions and the geomechanics surrounding hydraulic fracturing and unconventional reservoirs, this comprehensive resource gives petroleum engineers a much-needed guide on how to tackle today's advanced oil and gas operations.

Analytical Modelling of Fuel Cells, Second Edition, is devoted to the analytical models that help us understand the mechanisms of cell operation. The book contains equations for the rapid evaluation of various aspects of fuel cell performance, including cell potential, rate of electrochemical reactions, rate of transport processes in the cell, and temperature fields in the cell, etc. Furthermore, the book discusses how to develop simple physics-based analytical models. A new chapter is devoted to analytical models of PEM fuel cell impedance, a technique that exhibits explosive growth potential. Finally, the book contains Maple worksheets implementing some of the models discussed.Includes simple physics-based equations for the fuel cell polarization curveProvides analytical solutions for fuel cell impedanceIncludes simple equations for calculation of temperature shapes in fuel cellsIntroduces physical descriptions of the basic transport and kinetic phenomena in fuel cells of various types

Applications in Design and Simulation of Sustainable Chemical Processes explores challenging applications in designing eco-friendly and efficient chemical processes, including recently emerging technologies that are based on renewable raw materials that emphasize biomass. The methodology is systematic, with computer simulation used as a valuable conceptual tool for analysis, design and optimization. The book explains how to develop innovative sustainable chemical processes using an approach that stems from a fundamental knowledge of chemistry, thermodynamics, chemical reactors, and unit operations, while also teaching how to use computer simulation as an efficient conceptual tool. Containing four parts and 20 chapters, 18 of which are devoted to applications, each chapter contains a comprehensive case study that can be reproduced by applying any simulation package.Includes comprehensive case studies of relevant industrial processesOutlines alternative manufacturing processes with emphasis on biomassUses process simulation as analysis and innovation toolFollows health-safety-environment (HSE) performance as key objectiveOutlines Process Intensification (PI) Techniques for designing eco-efficient chemical processes