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Ionizing Radiation and the Immune Response, Part B, Volume 378 reviews the latest knowledge on the immune response induced by ionizing radiations. Specific chapters in this new release include NK functions in radio-induced immune response, TRT and immune response, Radio-induced immune response and lipid metabolism, Effect of protons and heavy ions on immune response, Effect of flash therapy and mini beam on immune response, Radio-induced lymphopenia, CT to potentiate radio-induced immune response, Impact of RT on healthy tissues (inflammation), Radio-induced macrophagic response, To use nanoparticles and ionizing radiations to modulate immune response: opinion of the chemist, biologist and clinician, and much more. Other sections cover the Role of Dendritic cells in radiation-induced immune response, the Relationship between the tumor microenvironment and the efficacy of the radiotherapy/immunotherapy combination, and Biomarkers of radiation induced response to optimize radio-immunotherapy combination.

Intelligent Computing Techniques in Biomedical Imaging: Methods, Case Studies, and Applications provides comprehensive and state-of-the-art applications of Computational Intelligence techniques used in biomedical image analysis for disease detection and diagnosis. The book offers readers a stepwise approach from fundamental to advanced techniques using real-life medical examples and tutorials. The editors have divided the book into five sections, from prerequisites to case studies. Section I presents the prerequisites, where the reader will find fundamental concepts needed for advanced topics covered later in this book. This primarily includes a thorough introduction to Artificial Intelligence, probability theory and statistical learning. The second section covers Computational Intelligence methods for medical image acquisition and pre-processing for biomedical images. In this section, readers will find AI applied to conventional and advanced biomedical imaging modalities such as X-rays, CT scan, MRI, Mammography, Ultrasound, MR Spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Ultrasound Elastography, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Functional MRI, Hybrid Modalities, as well as pre-processing topics such as medical image enhancement, segmentation, and compression. Section III covers description and representation of medical images. Here the reader will find various categories of features and their relevance in different medical imaging tasks. This section also discusses feature selection techniques based on filter method, wrapper method, embedded method, and more. The fourth section covers Computational Intelligence techniques used for medical image classification, including Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, Nearest Neighbor Classifiers, Random Forest, clustering, extreme learning, Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Networks. This section also includes a discussion of computer aided diagnosis and performance evaluation in radiology. The final section of Intelligent Computing Techniques in Biomedical Imaging provides readers with a wealth of real-world Case Studies for Computational Intelligence techniques in applications such as neuro-developmental disorders, brain tumor detection, breast cancer detection, bone fracture detection, pulmonary imaging, thyroid disorders, imaging technologies in dentistry, diagnosis of ocular diseases, cardiovascular imaging, and multimodal imaging.

Putting AI in the Critical Loop: Assured Trust and Autonomy in Human-Machine Teams takes on the primary challenges of bidirectional trust and performance of autonomous systems, providing readers with a review of the latest literature, the science of autonomy, and a clear path towards the autonomy of human-machine teams and systems. Throughout this book, the intersecting themes of collective intelligence, bidirectional trust, and continual assurance form the challenging and extraordinarily interesting themes which will help lay the groundwork for the audience to not only bridge knowledge gaps, but also to advance this science to develop better solutions. The distinctively different characteristics and features of humans and machines are likely why they have the potential to work well together, overcoming each other's weaknesses through cooperation, synergy, and interdependence which forms a "collective intelligence.? Trust is bidirectional and two-sided; humans need to trust AI technology, but future AI technology may also need to trust humans.

Food Waste Valorization: Emerging Trends, Techno-economic and Environmental Considerations covers bioactive extraction, therapeutic properties and environmental concerns related to food waste conversion to value-added products, along with advanced technological breakthroughs in the field. The book also provides concepts and theories on several facets of agro-food waste valorization and its by-products, as well as opportunities and challenges. Each chapter contains viewpoints from different fields of research such as Basic Science, Agriculture, Food Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Science, and more, with each having a unique approach to food waste valorization as it relates to their field. This is an invaluable resource for research and development professionals in post-harvest processing and renewable energy industries, as well as the academicians.

The Potential of Microbes for a Circular Economy provides an understanding of the role of microbes in a circular economy (CE). The book covers the development of effective bio-based formulations for field applications and describes the basic principles and applications, the important role of microorganisms, and new insights into a sustainable ecosystem for the circular economy. In addition, it compiles the latest advancement in the field of CE by covering microbes and microbial products, thus providing microbiologists the tools to engage with the public, policymakers, and industry to inform the debate on addressing current challenges.

Enzymes in RNA Science and Biotechnology, Volume 691 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, including chapters on Reverse transcriptase Part I (discovery, preparation, general utilization, MarathonRT for routine RT-PCR and for cDNA synthesis on challenging RNA templates Structured RNAs, repeat RNAs and more, Engineering TNA Polymerases Through Iterative Cycles of Directed Evolution, Reverse transcriptase Part II (RNA structure mapping and determination), RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) structure detection using RTS and SHALiPE assays, tRNA Structure-seq in vivo and in droplets, Capture the in vivo intact RNA structurome by CAP-STRUCTURE-seq, and more.

Cannabis and its Derivatives: Guide to Medical Application and Regulatory Challenges summarizes the current state of research and clinical pharmacology of cannabis-based therapeutics, along with associated regulatory frameworks. Sections cover historical, botanical, and taxonomical platforms of cannabis, chemical derivatives of the cannabis plant, a literature review of therapeutic applications, the biological fate of cannabis and its metabolic products, pain management, neurological disorders, cancer management, interactions with other drugs, veterinary applications, and the adverse effects of Cannabis overuse in humans.The book's final section is devoted to discussions around regulatory challenges and future considerations. This is the ideal reference pharmaceutical scientists, clinicians, and academic researchers who want access to updated information on the therapeutic applications of cannabis and its derivates. Corporate researchers will also benefit from this book's presentation of the associated regulatory environment.

Frosting and Icing for Efficient Energy Use in Engineering Applications provides a compendium of innovative case studies for mitigating impacts from frosting and icing on energy. This book first clarifies the mechanisms of frosting and icing, outlining modeling options, and control techniques. Next, a series of experimental examples show the effects of frosting at different scales of energy production, from ambient air vaporizers to wind turbines, and demonstrate how to control these for maximum efficiency. Finally, the mechanisms and mitigation of frosting are examined in a variety of infrastructure scenarios, including sustainable food storage and efficient high-speed railways. Combining the theoretical fundamentals of frosting and icing with a huge range of real-world case studies, this resource shows how to limit energy loss to these effects in key areas of engineering.

Vat Photopolymerization Additive Manufacturing: 3D Printing Processes, Materials, and Applications focuses on the cutting-edge vat polymerization additive manufacturing technology, as well as its associated materials and potential applications. The book is divided into four parts, with the first providing some foundational concepts about the technology as well as providing background on the different vat photopolymerization techniques, such as grayscale, volumetric, multiwavelength, two-photon, and more. The basic chemistry involved in the vat photopolymerization process is covered here as well, as is vat photopolymerization 3D printing of functional materials, including plastics, hydrogels, stimuli-responsive polymers, ceramics, various applications of the materials created, and future directions.

Supercapacitors: Materials, Design, and Commercialization provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research trends and opportunities in supercapacitors, particularly in terms of novel materials and electrolytes. The book addresses the transformation in supercapacitive technology from double layer capacitance to battery-type capacitance, providing a clear understanding of the conceptual differences between various charge storage processes for supercapacitors, charge storage based on materials and electrolytes, and calculation for capacitance for these charge processes. Detailed chapters discuss recent developments in materials, such as carbons, chalcogenides, MXene and phosphorene, various polymer nanocomposites, and polyoxometalates for supercapacitors.This is followed by in-depth coverage of electrolytes, including the evolution of electrolytes from aqueous to water-in-salt electrolytes and their role in improving the energy density of supercapacitors. The final part of the book examines the role of artificial intelligence in the design of supercapacitors, and latest developments in translating novel supercapacitor technologies from laboratory-scale research to a commercialization.

Mining Biomedical Text, Images and Visual Features for Information Retrieval provides broad coverage of the concepts, themes, and instrumentalities of the important, evolving area of biomedical text, images, and visual features towards information retrieval. The book aims to encourage an even wider adoption of IR methods for assisting in problem-solving and to stimulate research that may lead to additional innovations in this area of research. Topics covered include Internet of Things for health informatics; data privacy; smart healthcare; medical image processing; 3D medical images; evolutionary computing; deep learning; medical ontology; linguistic indexing; lexical analysis; and domain specific semantic categories in biomedical applications. This is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students who are interested to learn more about data mining techniques to improve their research work.

A Roadmap for the Comprehensive Assessment of Natech Risk: Management and Control of Technological Accidents Triggered by Natural Hazards in the Framework of Climate Change covers the latest advancements concerning the quantitative risk assessment and the management of cascading events involving technological accidents caused by natural hazards. The topic is meticulously covered, providing a description of past accidents, case-studies, and quantitative figures that allow for the identification of the most vulnerable plant elements, of the complex features of accident scenarios, and of their rising trend that is possibly related to factors as climate change and growing industrialization. Methodologies aiming at the assessment of the actual performance of safety barriers and safety systems during or immediately after the impact of a natural event are also presented. Recent tools and data supporting the quantitative assessment of these features in the overall assessment of Natech risk are reported, highlighting the similarities with other typologies of cascading accidents. Several case studies are presented in the book, and each methodology presented is provided with an illustrative case-study providing guidance to its application.

Fundamentals of Membrane Separation Technology provides a comprehensive and systematic introduction to this environmentally-friendly separation process. Using a structured format that promotes comprehension and implementation, each chapter provides overviews, principles, materials, preparation, and industrial applications. Each chapter then concludes with future prospects, references, and end-of-chapter exercises. Written for students and professionals, this book is an ideal reference for those who wish to better understand the fundamentals and applications of membrane technology.

Wetlands for Water Pollution Control, Third Edition, formerly known as Wetland Systems to Control Urban Runoff, covers broad water and environmental engineering aspects relevant for the drainage and treatment of stormwater and wastewater, providing a descriptive overview of complex 'black box' treatment systems and general design issues involved. Fundamental science and engineering principles are explained to address the student and professional market. Standard and novel design recommendations for predominantly constructed wetlands and related sustainable drainage systems are also provided to account for interests of professional engineers and environmental scientists. Users will find the latest research in wastewater treatment and runoff control presented in a manner that is ideal for academics, senior consultants, final year and postgraduate students, and graduate engineers, respectively.

Fragile X and Related Autism Spectrum Disorders, Volume 172 in the International Review on Neurobiology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on The dopamine hypothesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: a comprehensive analysis of the evidence, A Review of the Use of Psychotropic Medication to Address Challenging Behavior in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Lipid metabolism alterations in fragile X syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders, Genesis, modelling and methodological remedies to autism heterogeneity, Toward an Understanding of the Role of the Exposome on Fragile X Phenotypes, Glial-mediated dysregulation of neurodevelopment in Fragile X Syndrome, and more.

Natural Products, Volume 61 in the Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Chemical evolution of natural product structure for drug discovery, Fungal Metabolites, Polypharmacology of Natural Products, Glycopeptide Antibiotics, and Natural products-based drug discovery for the CNS.

P450 Enzymes, Volume 692 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Chapters in this new release cover Non-natural P450 reaction (carbene/nitrene), Non-natural P450 reaction (atom transfer radical cyclization), P450 fusion for biocatalysis, P450 fingerprinting for biocatalytic oxidation, Fungal peroxygenase, Fungal peroxygenase, Anti-Markovnikov P450 oxygenase (AmOX), Fungal P450, Unusual P450 chemistry from fungal sources, CASTing for P450 biocatalysis, and P450 in C-C coupling of cyclic dipeptides with nucleobases.

The Enzymes, Volume 54 highlights new advances in enzymes, with new chapters on a variety of topics, including the History of The Enzymes, Impact of The Enzymes in chronicling biochemical processes and pathways, Metabolism and Catalysis, Mitochondrial ATP synthase, The respiratory chain, A century of mitochondrial research, Five decades of metalloenzymology, Mechanisms of catalysis, Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis and associated processes, Signaling, MAPK cascades: Origins, mechanisms and current status, Sphingolipids: From structural components to signaling hubs, Protein Homeostasis and Hydrolysis, Mitochondrial AAA+ proteases, Hsp70 and JDP proteins: structure-function perspective on molecular chaperone activity. Other sections cover DNA Replication and Repair, Structure-function studies of DNA replication proteins, and Helicases required for nucleotide excision repair.

Multi-Omics Technology in Human Health and Diseases: Genomics, Epigenomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Radiomics, Multi-omic provides a way forward in understanding complete disease etiology and prognosis. This unique book gives a comprehensive understanding of multi-omics technology and its applications in understanding complex human health and disease, and not only introduces the technology, but also its use for biomarker identification, drug discovery, and disease prognostication. This is the first resource on currently utilized multiomics technology for big data interpretation, and is thus perfect for researchers, academia, students, and an industrial audience. As a comprehensive understanding of human health and diseases, particularly cancer, requires knowledge of molecular biomarkers at a multi-omics level, including genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, which is meagerly available or highly lacking among the students and scientific researchers, this book checks all the right boxes.

Insect Pathology, Third Edition offers the most comprehensive research on the topic of insect pathology, spanning the diversity of insects with a more diverse array of microbes. This book provides a full update on new approaches for studying the genetics, development, evolution, and ecology of insect pathogens. Written by leading researchers and experts, the book includes coverage of revolutionary genome editing tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9, which have been developed for multiple insect pathogen systems and provides insights into the molecular underpinnings of insect pathogens and their hosts. This book also updates modern molecular techniques, "omics? approaches, and newly applied findings.These new and revised topics are critical for understanding current perspectives in the field, making this book a needed reference for insect pathologists, entomologists, microbiologists, mycologists, nematologists, protistologists, ecologists, and practitioners of biological control of insect pests. New and long-time students of insect pathology will also find this new edition useful.

Reverse Vaccinology: Concept, Methods, and Advancement presents the development strategy of new vaccines through genome sequencing bioinformatics analysis. This book promises to revolutionize vaccine development, especially for pathogens to which the classical applications of Pasteur’s principles have failed, and it is explained in detail in this book.This book is split into three sections: the first, Concept, brings the basis of reverse vaccinology, vaccine antigen discovery, and subunit vaccine; the second, Tools and Methods, describes immunoinformatic, proteomics for epitope-vaccine design, databases, network analysis, machine learning, and NGS-driven antigen screening technology; and the last one, Disease Case Study, discusses real-world examples in the development of new vaccines for diverse diseases.It is a valuable resource for bioinformaticians, researchers, students, and members of the biomedical and medical fields who want to learn more about a new and agile process for the development of new vaccines.

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 381 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting topic on Overview of Inflammatory Breast Cancer: Updates.

Social and Communicative Functioning in Populations with Intellectual Disability: A Developmental Perspective, Volume 65 in the International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities series, focuses on social and communicative functioning with a particular emphasis on people with intellectual disability. The volume brings together international researchers across disciplines to highlight innovative approaches to holistically describe social and communicative abilities in this population including teleassessment, self-report, and community-engaged research designs. Through a lifespan approach, key issues are raised related to social and communicative functioning across a range of communication modalities from infancy through adulthood. Additional chapters cover Adaptation of in-person tools for remote assessment of infants and toddlers with social communication concerns in community-based settings, Measuring social communication in people with ID who use minimal speech: Differences across the lifespan, and Social Inclusion of Adults with IDD: Toward Belonging, Building a Life: Examining the advocacy and social experiences of students with IDD in inclusive postsecondary education.

Nanowired Delivery of Drugs and Antibodies for Neuroprotection in Brain Diseases with Co-morbidity Factors, Volume 171 in the International Review of Neurobiology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Neurodegenerative diseases, Stress induced exacerbation of Alzheimer's disease brain pathology is thwarted by co-administration of nanowired cerebrolysin and amyloid beta peptide antibodies with serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-39988, Nanowired delivery of dl-3-n-butylphthalide with antibodies to alpha synuclein potentiated neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease with emotional stress, Efficacy of invasive and non-invasive methods for the treatment of Parkinson¿s disease: nanodelivery and enriched environment, and much more. Other sections cover Sleep deprivation induced exacerbation of Parkinson's disease pathophysiology is attenuated by co-administration of nanowired cerebrolysin and serotonin-3 receptor antagonist ondansetron, Co-administration of DL-3-n-butylphthalide and neprilysin is neuroprotective in Alzheimer disease associated with brain injury, Stress and brain diseases, Pathophysiology of sleep deprivation enhances amyloid beta peptide and p-tau in the CSF and brain, Neuroprotective effects of nanowired delivery of multimodal drug cerebrolysin and monoclonal 5-HT antibodies, Prior heat exposure exacerbates brain blast injury, Neuroprotection by nanodelivery of cerebrolysin with serotonin 6 receptor antagonist SB-399885, the Effects of curcumin nanodelivery on several brain pathologies, and more.

Dystonia, Volume 169, the latest release in the International Review of Neurobiology serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics including Clinical Features and the Science of Classification, What Can Epidemiological Studies Tell us About the Neurobiology of Dystonia, Dystonia Genes and Their Biological Pathways, Functional Anatomy of Dystonia, Physiology of Dystonia: Human Studies, Physiology of Dystonia: Animal Studies, Experimental Pharmacology: Targeting Neurotransmitters, Experimental Pharmacology: Targeting Metabolic Pathways, Adult-Onset Focal Dystonias: One Biology or Many?, Early-Onset Inherited vs Late-Onset Idiopathic Dystonias: Same or Different Biological Mechanisms?, and much more.

Biofilms, Volume 53 in the ongoing Methods in Microbiology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of timely topics, including Monospecies and polymicrobial biofilms in static and flow environment, Methods used to study biofilms, Spatial analysis of bacterial biofilms, Biofilm grown in bioreactors, Single-cell analysis of subpopulations within biofilms using microscopy, flow cytometry, and imaging flow cytometry, Microscopy analysis of biofilm-mineral interactions or mineral formation within biofilms, Bacterial biofilms as an essential component of rhizosphere plant-microbe interactions, Studying Gene Expression in Biofilms, and more.

Handbook of Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis provides an up-to-date introduction into multiple sclerosis disease, including new findings on the pathophysiological processes, the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. This book includes in-depth chapters exploring the use of conventional and non-conventional imaging methods. These chapters cover magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) specific topics such as measurement of brain atrophy and susceptibility-weighted imaging. Additional chapters explore the use of additional imaging methods such as positron emission tomography (PET), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high field MRI (use of 7T MRI scanners).

ZIP Metal Ion Transporters, Volume 684 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of topics, including Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology, Structure determination of a bacterial ZIP in lipidic cubic phase, Cell-based metal transport assay for animal and plant ZIPs, Measurement of metal binding affinity and transport activity in ZIP transporters using spectroscopic methods, Considerations in production of the (prokaryotic) ZIP family transporters for structural and functional studies, Metal-protein interactions investigated using model systems: thermodynamic, spectroscopic and computational methods, and more. Additional chapters cover Getting Zinc Into and Out of Cells, In-silico modeling of ZIP9 (TBD), Cellular Function and Regulation, Methods to visualize zinc transporter proteins of the SLC39A family in cells, Assessing metal ion transporting activity of ZIPs: intracellular zinc and iron detection, In vitro studies for studying manganese transport and homeostasis, and much more.

Phage Therapy - Part A, Volume 200 is an informative text on phage and their use for treatment in bacterial infections. The book highlights a number of aspects of the phage in a way that can help students, researchers, clinicians, entrepreneurs and stakeholders perform their research with great interest. Chapters in this new release cover An introduction to bacteriophage and their therapeutic applications, Isolation, screening and characterization of phage, Synthetic phage and their application in phage therapy, Phage engineering for development of diagnostic tools, Phage design and directed evolution to evolve phage for therapy, and more. Additional sections cover Host-phage interactions and modelling for therapy, Phage and phage cocktails formulations, Phage for treatment of Escherichia coli infection, Phage for treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, Phage for treatment of Salmonella spp infection, Phage for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection, and Phages for treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infection.