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Philosophers have spent millennia accumulating knowledge about knowledge. But negative epistemological phenomena, such as ignorance, falsity, and delusion, are persistently overlooked. Markus Gabriel argues that being wrong is part and parcel of subjectivity itself, adding a novel perspective on epistemic failures to the work of New Realism.

Yakov Feygin argues that Soviet decline owes much to internal tensions over economic reform. Focused on socioeconomic competition with the West, Khrushchev and his successors sought to build a consumer society but had only Stalinist institutions of mass mobilization to work with, resulting in unresolvable contradiction and eventual sclerosis.

From Booker T. Washington to a neighbor who speaks up at a city council meeting, many of the people who represent us were never elected. Wendy Salkin provides the first systematic analysis of the ubiquitous phenomenon of informal political representation, a practice of immense political value that raises serious ethical concerns.

In Experimentalist Constitutions, the first book that systematically compares subnational experimentalism in different countries, Wang argues that ¿laboratories of democracy¿ are not exclusive to the American system; instead, similar concepts apply in China and India, with different center¿local structures and levels of political competition.

What was the representation of the Mongol invasions in Japan, and what role did it play as a repertoire of cultural identity before the rise of hyper-nationalism? The Historical Writing of the Mongol Invasions in Japan points to the continuities and ruptures that marked the emergence of a national culture after the Meiji Restoration of 1868.

Travelers have always experimented with disguise while observing the disguises of others. Each of the chapters in Mobility and Masks illustrates strategies of concealment in travel, from Jesuits in Asia to women traveling incognito to a Chinese opera star in Russia to the racial implications of masking in the West Indies.

Julia Rombough explores the regulation of sound in women¿s residential institutions in early modern Florence. Silence was tied to ideals of feminine purity and spiritual discipline, yet enclosed women still laughed, shouted, sang, and conversed. A Veil of Silence offers a revealing history of the political and spiritual meanings of the senses.

Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Volume 113 includes new essays on Greek and Roman Classics by Andrew Merritt, Georgios Kostopoulos, Christian Vassallo, Guy Westwood, Peter Osorio, James J. Clauss and Scott B. Noegel, Robert Cowan, Christoph Begass, and Chiara Meccariello.

Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium, 41 features Natasha Summer on trespassing in the Otherworld as well as contributions that focus of Irish and Welsh poetry, women in poetry, medieval Irish religious beliefs, and Welsh dramatic translations of Shakespeare, among other topics.

Traces the history of Chinese-American relations, forecasts China's future economic role, and discusses difficulties facing modern China.

Explores Victorian life by examining theater, novels, and biographies of that period.

Who were the Gnostics? And how did the Gnostic movement influence the development of Christianity in antiquity? Is it true that the Church rejected Gnosticism? This book offers an illuminating discussion of recent scholarly debates over the concept of "Gnosticism" and the nature of early Christian diversity. Acknowledging that the category "Gnosticism" is flawed and must be reformed, David Brakke argues for a more careful approach to gathering evidence for the ancient Christian movement known as the Gnostic school of thought. He shows how Gnostic myth and ritual addressed basic human concerns about alienation and meaning, offered a message of salvation in Jesus, and provided a way for people to regain knowledge of God, the ultimate source of their being.Rather than depicting the Gnostics as heretics or as the losers in the fight to define Christianity, Brakke argues that the Gnostics participated in an ongoing reinvention of Christianity, in which other Christians not only rejected their ideas but also adapted and transformed them. This book will challenge scholars to think in news ways, but it also provides an accessible introduction to the Gnostics and their fellow early Christians.

In this story about one of the 19th century's most famous Americans, Benjamin Reiss uses P.T. Barnum's Joice Heth hoax to examine the contours of race relations in the antebellum North. Barnum's first exhibit as a showman, Heth was an elderly enslaved woman who was said to be the 161-year-old former nurse of the infant George Washington. Seizing upon the novelty, the newly emerging commercial press turned her act - and especially her death - into one of the first media spectacles in American history.

In September 1755, the most famous Indian in the world--a Mohawk leader known in English as King Hendrick--died in the Battle of Lake George. He was fighting the French in defense of British claims to North America, and his death marked the end of an era in Anglo-Iroquois relations. He was not the first Mohawk of that name to attract international attention. Half a century earlier, another Hendrick worked with powerful leaders in the frontier town of Albany. He cemented his transatlantic fame when he traveled to London as one of the "four Indian kings."Until recently the two Hendricks were thought to be the same person. Eric Hinderaker sets the record straight, reconstructing the lives of these two men in a compelling narrative that reveals the complexities of the Anglo-Iroquois alliance, a cornerstone of Britain's imperial vision. The two Hendricks became famous because, as Mohawks, they were members of the Iroquois confederacy and colonial leaders believed the Iroquois held the balance of power in the Northeast. As warriors, the two Hendricks aided Britain against the French; as Christians, they adopted the trappings of civility; as sachems, they stressed cooperation rather than bloody confrontation with New York and Great Britain.Yet the alliance was never more than a mixed blessing for the two Hendricks and the Iroquois. Hinderaker offers a poignant personal story that restores the lost individuality of the two Hendricks while illuminating the tumultuous imperial struggle for North America.

The Letters of Emily Dickinson collects, redates, and recontextualizes all of the poet's extant letters, including dozens newly discovered or never before anthologized. Insightful annotations emphasize not the reclusive poet of myth but rather an artist firmly embedded in the political and literary currents of her time.

Selected Stories by Franz Kafka offers new renderings of the author's finest work. Mark Harman's English translations convey the uniqueness of Kafka's German-the wit, irony, and cadence. Expert annotations illuminate Kafka's cultural allusions and wordplay, while a biographical introduction places the man and his work in historical context.

A successful business deal maximizes value for all parties. Drawing on diverse case studies and decades of experience, Michael Klausner and Guhan Subramanian show how contracting parties can reach that goal through rigorous attention to incentives, information asymmetries, exit terms, moral hazard, and opportunism.

The Sea of Separation, a new free verse translation of Tulsidas's beloved R¿mcaritm¿nas, presents renowned episodes from the Ramayana epic, including Ram's battles with demons, the kidnapping of his wife Sita, and the god Hanuman's heroic journey to Lanka to find her.

Setting wages isn¿t an exact science, but we like to think that our workplace performance provides an objective basis for pay. Yoüre Paid What Yoüre Worth offers a bold theory to the contrary, arguing that pay is decided in contests over interests and ideals¿that social conflicts, not economic metrics, determine who gets how much.

In 1739 Bordeaux's Royal Academy of Sciences held an essay contest seeking answers to a pressing question: What was the cause of Africans' black skin? Published here for the first time and translated into English, these early documents of scientific racism lay bare the Enlightenment origins of the phantom of racial hierarchy.

Blaise Pascal is a marquee name, yet little read outside France. Antoine Compagnon provides an ideal introduction to one of the great intellects, contextualizing Pascal in his own time and offering insightful readings of the Pensées and the Provincial Letters. Compagnon proves a welcoming guide to Pascal's challenging and rewarding thought.

Francis Cogliano revisits the relationship between Washington and Jefferson, arguing that their vaunted differences mask mutual investments in the Revolution itself. Their later divergence demonstrates how wartime unity gave way to competing visions for the new nation, making clear that there was no single founding ideal-only compromise.

Race is a social reality, not a biological one. Yet African Americans are poorly served by even advanced genetic medicine because it is built on European DNA. Constance Hilliard explores the benefits and drawbacks of racial heuristics in medicine and argues for nonessentializing methods of harnessing genomic science on behalf of people of color.

Largely forgotten today, the Second Mexican Empire was a transformative nineteenth-century moment. Raymond Jonas explores the conspiracy of European rulers and Mexican conservatives to erect an Old World empire on New World soil. Though quixotic, it was a scheme with a purpose: to contain both Mexican democracy and the rising United States.

Rising prosperity was supposed to bring democracy to China, yet the Communist Party's political monopoly endures. How? Minxin Pei looks to the surveillance state. Though renowned for high-tech repression, China's surveillance system is above all a labor-intensive project. Pei delves into the human sources of coercion at the foundation of CCP power.