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In Last War of the Superfortresses the authors provide a detailed history of the confrontation between Soviet fighters and the United States Far East Air Force's B-29 'Superfortress' bombers during the Korean War of 1950-1953.

Explores the British Army's transformation since 2010 and details policy-driven changes and initiatives.The Modern British Army: The Path to Future Soldier, 2010s and Beyond details the Army's efforts to match ongoing reductions in strength with the organisation and equipment to meet the country's defence challenges in today's world. Emphasis is on the period from 2010 onwards: 'Army 2020' to 'Future Soldier.'Drawing on a wide range of official and other contemporary sources, The Modern British Army examines the policy decisions driving these changes as well as providing complete details on command structure, organisation, units, basing, and equipment. This allows the reader to follow the changes to the Army as it adapted to these often modified or even altered policies. The Royal Marine commando force and the RAF's ground protection forces are included as well as the Army itself.The Modern British Army: The Path to Future Soldier, 2010s and Beyond is extensively illustrated throughout with color photographs and includes a range of specially commissioned color artworks.

Examines the events of The Indo-Pakistani War of the south-western border area between India and Pakistan.The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Volume 3 is a highly authoritative and richly illustrated account of the war during which Bangladesh was born as an independent state. This volume details the offensives and counteroffensives on the south-western section of the India-Pakistan border.In 1947, India and Pakistan were partitioned by their former colonial ruler, Great Britain, leaving unresolved the issue of Kashmir. This triggered wars between the new states in 1947-48, 1965, 1971 and a continuing insurgency/counterinsurgency.Late in the afternoon of 3 December 1971, in an attempt to distract New Delhi from developments in its eastern wing, Pakistan initiated hostilities with India by flying a series of air strikes against the forward air bases of the Indian Air force. Thus began the 'official' part of the India-Pakistan War of 1971, a bitter conventional war of the highest intensity in the history of the two countries since their independence. During the following weeks, a series of pitched battles took place as the two parties began exchanging blows almost everywhere along their 2,000-kilometre long mutual borders. By 16 December, and rather suddenly, the conflict was over: once East Pakistan had been overrun by India, Islamabad had no incentive to continue fighting a war it could not possibly win. Through the extensive use of official records and participant recollections, rare photography and authentic color profiles, Ravi Rikhye tells the captivating story of the biggest military conflict fought between India and Pakistan to date, and the war that resulted in the emergence of Bangladesh as an independent nation.The third volume of The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 examines the events on the battlefields of the south-western border area between India and Pakistan and is extensively illustrated with photographs and includes specially commissioned color artworks.

Covers US forces in Berlin during the Cold War, from their arrival in July 1945, through to the departure of American Berlin Brigade in 1994.Cold War Berlin - An Island City Volume 4: US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War 1945-1994 examines how the troops of the US Army's Berlin Brigade prepared for war: the units that made up the brigade; how it trained; how it was equipped; how it planned to defend the city; and also looks at the Special Forces units that served alongside it.At the end of the Second World War, the victors split Germany into three zones of occupation, and Berlin was divided into four sectors: one each for the British, Americans, French and Soviets. The western part of the city lay well within eastern Germany, cut off from immediate friendly military support and, as the Cold War developed, was surrounded by around 420,000 Soviet troops of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG) - the shock troops who would lead the invasion of Western Europe in the event of a war against NATO. There were also 180,000 East German troops of the Nationale Volksarmee, supported by tens of thousands of paramilitary police and the infamous East German Border Guards (Grenztruppen der DDR).US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War looks at how the Berlin Brigade, the 5,000-strong American component of the Western military presence in the city prepared to defend West Berlin from the communist threat and examines what is known of Operation Stoss (or Zentrum); the East German plan to occupy Berlin in the event of war. This volume also looks at the work of the United States Military Liaison Mission (USMLM).US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War is the second of two volumes covering US forces in Berlin during the Cold War, from their arrival in July 1945, through to the departure of American Berlin Brigade in 1994. The text is richly illustrated with photographs, illustrations, diagrams, tables, maps, plans, and color profiles, and is printed in full color throughout.

Continues the detailed military history of this ongoing conflict, the largest in Europe since the end of the Second World War in 1945.Volume 7 of War in Ukraine provides a detailed account of the air war as it developed during 2023, a period in which Russia made extensive use of Tu-95 and Tu-22 bombers and their missiles to bring about the collapse of the power supply system in Ukraine.The second year of the War in Ukraine began with the Russian attempt to collapse the power supply and power grid of Ukraine through an offensive with ballistic- and cruise missiles. Lasting months, this operation saw the sustained deployment of Tu-95 and Tu-22 bombers and their missiles, combined with tactical precision guided munitions and Iranian-made Shahed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Highly promising, early on, the offensive failed because of last-minute deliveries of advanced air defence systems and a large number of power generators from the West: even then, it was a close call, with the government in Kyiv almost making the decision to evacuate the capital. Hard on the heels of this episode, the USA and Germany rushed PAC-2/3 Patriot air defence systems to Ukraine, which Russia attempted to knock out with its Kinzhal hypersonic missiles. Around the same time, the Russians also began deploying MPK/UMPK glide bombs to strike targets along the frontline from outside the range of Ukrainian air defences.War In Ukraine: Volume 7, Air War, January - December 2023 continues the detailed military history of this ongoing conflict, the largest in Europe since the end of the Second World War in 1945. This volume is illustrated throughout with original color photographs and includes specially commissioned color artworks.

On 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation launched an all-out invasion of Ukraine. Coming after years of tensions following Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea and thinly veiled direct armed support for separatists fighting in Donbass and Luhansk in eastern Ukraine, observers gave Ukraine's military little chance of surviving the initial Russian onslaught. Yet the Russian forces failed to deliver a decisive blow in the opening air or ground campaign. Volume 6 of War in Ukraine examines the air war between Russia and Ukraine during February and March of 2022.In order to explain the failures of the Russian Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS) in the opening moves of this war, this volume undertakes a detailed examination of the history, technology and doctrine of the Soviet and Russian air forces from the late Cold War up to the eve of the 2022 invasion, along with the opposing air force and ground-based anti-air defenses of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Zbroiynyhsyl Ukrayini, ZSU).Building upon the general account of the opening moves of this conflict contained in Volume 2 of War in Ukraine, this volume presents a detailed account of the successes and failures of each side in their use of air power and how this impacted upon the ground campaign.War in Ukraine: Volume 6 The Air War February-March 2022 is illustrated throughout with full color photographs, specially commissioned maps, and the @War series' signature color artworks showing the aircraft of this ongoing conflict.

This volume examines Argentina's military history during the 1970s, focusing on the insurgency, government operations, and the Dirty War.Following the death of Juan Domingo Perón in 1974, the presidency of Argentina was assumed by his widow Isabel Martínez de Perón. Far from ceasing their opposition to the government, the People's Revolutionary Army (Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo/ERP) and Montoneros stepped up their armed campaign to overthrow the government and replace it with a revolutionary Marxist-Leninist regime. Despite authorising Operativo Independencia (Operation Independence) Isabel Perón would ultimately be deposed by her own generals and the anti-guerilla campaign would descend into the so-called Dirty War.The campaign against anti-government and revolutionary groups in Argentina during the 1970s has become infamous for the notorious methods employed by government forces to ruthlessly suppress any form of opposition, and terms such as 'dirty war' and 'disappeared' have been added to the global lexicon as a result. Volume 2 of Operativo Independencia offers a military history of this insurgency and the campaign to suppress it, the telling of which to date has been highly politicised. Far from being only a movement of radical students and intellectuals, the opposition to Argentina's government included armed organisations that engaged in a bloody, if ineffective and ultimately futile, campaign of murder to achieve its aims. While Isabel Martínez de Perón authorised the launch of Operativo Independencia to suppress the armed insurgency, failure to take firm control of Argentina would lead to her overthrow by her own generals who would go on to establish a series of military juntas to rule Argentina until the return of democracy in the aftermath of the Falklands/Malvinas War of 1982.Operativo Independencia Volume 2 examines the military history of events between Isabel Martínez de Perón's assumption of the presidency of Argentina and the conclusion of the Dirty War. This volume details the motivation, operations and methods of government and opposition forces in this violent period of the history of Argentina.Operativo Independencia Volume 2: Guerilla War, the 1976 Coup D'état, and The Dirty War in Argentina is illustrated throughout with over 300 original photographs of the events in Argentina during the 1970s, along with specially commissioned maps and colour artworks.

The history of the British Army's multi-racial forces that supported the empire's global dominance through economic power, a strong navy, and formidable military presence.What allowed the British to create and hold its empire? In 1914 the British had the largest empire in the world. The sun literally never set on its holdings. The Empire rested on three strong pillars - British economic might, a powerful fleet and its multi race armies. The wealth provided by British industry provided the sinews of British power. The fleet protected the arteries along which British products reached the world and the UK projected its power. But its wealth and strong navy would not allow England to guard the North-West Frontier of India, or march to Peking or Ethiopia or fight foes as varied as the Sikhs, Māori and Zulus. In The British Empire's Regulars - 1880-1914 the army and men that won and held the empire are covered in detail. In most books these men are as anonymous as pawns on a chessboard. The book gives a definitive account of the many different ethnic groups that served. Sikhs, Scots, Gurkhas, Ibos and more are all here. The work explains what contribution each made to The Empire's polyglot armies. Drawing on sociology, governmental records and history, the book will appeal to readers who are interested in the British Empire, its military forces, and to students and scholars of military sociology and history.

The J-20 fifth generation stealth fighter program has epitomised China's rise from a laggard in combat aviation into a potential world leader. J-20 Mighty Dragon: Asia's First Stealth Fighter in the Era of China's Military Rise details the J-20's technologies, capabilities, production timeline, design priorities, roles, evolution, and the formations and locations where it has been deployed, the ways other countries have responded to it, and how the last 30 years of China's industrial and technology sector's modernisation positioned the country to produce what may well now be the world's top air superiority fighter.The J-20 program is the most high-profile indicator of a turning point in the balance of power between China and the United States, and has produced by far the most capable fighter that America or its allies could face in a potential conflict. An assessment of the history of Chinese air superiority capabilities, and how the Korean War in particular has influenced the country to place a very strong emphasis on the need to field a leading fighter for air-to-air combat, thus provides an important deeper understanding of the program.Important context to understanding the J-20's significance and its current global standing is provided by brief assessments of the positions of the Russian and American fighter industries. The parallel development of supporting assets from aerial tankers to electronic warfare planes is also explored for a better understanding of the much-transformed Chinese fleet which J-20s are being inducted into.The program is also shown to have had a particularly significant influence in the United States, ranging from placing discourse on the F-35's modernisation and on sixth generation fighter development in an entirely new context, to stimulating the formation of new counter-stealth aggressor training units, development of new air-to-air missiles, and the acquisition of E-7 'flying radar' aircraft among many other responses to the new challenge. J-20 Mighty Dragon: Asia's First Stealth Fighter in the Era of China's Military Rise is the fi rst volume in the new Technology@War series and is extensively illustrated with colour photographs throughout and specially commissioned colour artworks.

The Nine Years' War recounts Ireland's near-expulsion of English rule, led by Hugh O'Neill's remarkable Irish confederation.The Nine Years War (1593-1603), sometimes known as Tyrone's Rebellion, was one of the most devastating and brutal conflicts to sweep the island. Never would the English Crown come so close to losing its grip on Ireland. It was brought on by a combination of English misrule, Irish ambition and the fortuitous creation of political ties with Spain. A confederation of Irish lords led by the charismatic and exceptionally gifted Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, swept from one victory to another. Part 1 of this series examines the years of Irish triumph as English nonchalance turned to disbelief and then panic as Irish armies engaged with and defeated all attempts by the Crown to restore English authority.Tyrone duped the English state into believing it was engaged in a local affair against Hugh Maguire, lord of Fermanagh, for the first two years of the war. While the English fought a shooting war in the west of Ulster, Tyrone raised an unprecedented confederation of Irish lords that set aside parochial self-interest to mount a concerted and coordinated effort to eject English power from Ireland once and for all.Time and again, English armies were engaged and defeated by modernised Irish forces fighting with a skill and technical sophistication never before seen. This series of Crown defeats came to a bloody climax at the battle of the Yellow Ford on 14 August 1598. The Irish shattered the English field army in a matter of hours. Its commander, Henry Bagenal, was killed along with almost half his men. The battle remains the greatest defeat given to the English by Irish arms and a striking reverse to a period often seen as Elizabeth's Golden Age.

In August 1644, Turenne and Grand Condé battled the shrewd Bavarian Mercy in grueling fights at Freiburg, revealing wartime challenges.Early August 1644 saw the two greatest French men-of-war of the mid-seventeenth century, Turenne and the future Grand Condé, attempt to dislodge the Bavarian general Franz von Mercy from the heights of Freiburg in the Black Forest. In the twilight of the Thirty Years' War, there was probably no better opponent for these two geniuses than Mercy, who had the astonishing ability to anticipate his enemies' plans. Against such a general, it would take no less than Enghien and Turenne. The battles of 3 and 5 August were among the most difficult that the two men would face throughout their careers: their carefully prepared plans were thwarted by the shrewdness of their opponents and some unfortunate initiatives on the part of their subordinates. The battles were so deadly that they brought Mazarin to tears. On learning of what could be considered a victory, the Cardinal is said to have stated that France would have been lost if it had won many similar victories.The days of Freiburg were the setting for some fascinating actions in which doggedness gave way only to courage. Thanks to numerous contemporary accounts, the reader is immersed in the heart of the two battles that enabled the French, despite being held at bay, to keep the Bavarians away from the right bank of the Rhine. The context of the campaign, the character of the three protagonists, the phases of the various battles, the armies involved and the lessons learned are all analysed in detail.

Explores the controversial 1944 destruction of the Montecassino Abbey, questioning the motives behind such wartime decisions and their enduring impact on military ethics.On 15 February 1944, one of the most iconic buildings in European history was destroyed by allied bombers. Plumes of Smoke is a book about the consequences of war, written as war again comes to Europe. It is also a book about what wars are fought for, and about those that make the fundamental decisions that affect us all. The decision to destroy the Abbey of Montecassino was and remains highly controversial. Why was this building of inestimable cultural value so easily destroyed? Was it to win a battle, or to prove the legitimacy of American bombing theory? It is not a story of individual bravery, although this existed aplenty on both sides in the mud and mountains of 1944 Italy, but a story of a battle that has no winners and no heroes. This is a story from 80 years ago that resonates clearly through the decades. In a time filled with arguments concerning the laws and morality of war, this story from the last major war in Europe may lead the reader to understand that little changes. Military Necessity remains the principal excuse for unnecessary devastation. When nations or generals are faced with difficult decisions, when winning becomes more important than the reasons they fought for in the first place, then legal and moral boundaries are often forgotten in the fog of war. It appears that little has improved over the succeeding decades when political convenience trumps moral courage and the importance of our human heritage.

A modern history of the 46th Division and their evolution in combat effectiveness and reexamining historical interpretations of key figures and events.This groundbreaking modern history of the 46th (North Midland) Division draws upon a vast array of largely neglected sources from a variety of archives, and challenges some comfortable assumptions. University historians' increasingly positive views of Haig are challenged by primary evidence of his own blatant willingness to change his mind to protect his promotion prospects. The overall theme is of how the ordinary Tommies of 46th Division learnt to fight more effectively and ultimately stormed the Hindenburg Line. In dealing with the Somme, the book effectively rewrites our understanding of Third Army's experience; the book demonstrates that Middlebrook was mistaken in accepting the claim by Major General Stuart-Wortley that he was sacked for saving his men from further slaughter. That chapter concludes with the evidence of young subalterns, bringing to life moments in history that illuminate a generation's experience of the carnage of war. All previous large-scale studies have focused on elite units, but this book follows this un-fancied, often belittled, division along the learning curve of the British Army. The book therefore develops the view put forward in studies of the Canadian Corps, and reflected in modern biographies of leading commanders, that the British Army gradually developed the system of "bite and hold". The poignant chapter on a "Shot at Dawn" and the concluding chapter on the poor postwar treatment of the many miners make this book more than a purely military history by linking the First World War to its social, political and economic context.

Recent research reveals the New Model Army's reliance on a centralized supply system from London, challenging the plunder-focused view.The orthodox view of modern writers that armies of the 17th century relied more upon plunder and free quarter is highly pervasive, yet more recent research suggests that during the British Civil Wars there were increasing changes to this custom. The creation, politics, religious identity, officer corps and military campaigns (especially the Battle of Naseby) of the New Model Army, commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax, have been the focus for various writers, nonetheless, little attention has been paid to the supply and logistics of this force. The result has been a critical gap in the understanding of the recruitment, victualling, ordnance, ammunition, clothing, arming, and logistics employed by the Committee of the Army in both the initial establishment of the New Model and its subsequent campaigns. The methods of sustaining this military force of up to 17,000 men in the field necessarily called for a largely centralised system which operated at an increasingly physical distance from London and the army's headquarters at Reading. Hence, this study challenges the prevailing view that Fairfax's troops increasingly relied upon local sources during 1645 and 1646, rather than an organized system of supply from London manufacturers and other commercial means. Hence, this highly relevant and important topic adds significantly to our knowledge of the supply, strengths and appearance of the New Model, and will appeal to academics, local historians, re-enactors and wargamers.

Explores the official attire, weaponry, and equipment of French colonial troops in North America (1683-1760) through detailed illustrations and rare artifacts.Frontier Soldiers of New France examines the official and regulation dress, weapons and equipment of the regular colonial troops maintained by the French government in North America from 1683 to 1760, including unpublished information with a focus on new illustrations, line drawings, and photos of rare portraits and surviving artefacts from public and private collections.This volume is the first of a series of three that will present all the regular forces that served in New France from 1683, when the first permanent garrisons of royal troops arrived, to September 1760. Many North American military campaigns of that era have been, and continue to be, covered in countless history books. The purpose of this work is, however, to be the first to present in detail the organisation and especially the material culture of all military participants, be they generals or private soldiers. There have been some sections of books, usually brief, and articles devoted to organisation, armament, dress, and equipment previously published. The aim of this work is to present a complete record of these aspects.To achieve this goal, three veteran researchers have consulted primary documents preserved in archives and collections on both sides of the Atlantic during the last half century and have united their efforts to produce a wide-ranging and as accurate as possible record. The result is often intriguing and attractive, both in the regulation uniforms worn by officers and soldiers that might be seen by onlookers at frontier forts as far as the known world (to Europeans) or at fortresses such as Québec and Louisbourg. The weapons and equipment were usually somewhat distinctive. They had weapons, clothing and equipment that became specially adapted to North America's wilderness, thanks to their First Nations allies, be it in the primaeval forests crisscrossed by great rivers and lakes or at the great central plains, which will be covered in volume 2. Volume 3 will be devoted to the battalions detached from the French regular metropolitan army commanded, from 1756, by Montcalm who led an arguably heroic resistance against overwhelming British and American forces. They, too, had surprising aspects of material culture; for instance, the battalions that came in 1755 had different uniforms in Canada than their regulation dress in France.The work is illustrated with period paintings and prints, as well as museum-quality artwork by internationally acclaimed military artists lauded for accuracy combined with fine art. Indeed, some works have already graced academic publications and displays in museums and historic sites.