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Half of the book is a detailed description of three battles fought over four days in the Rhineland south of Goch between 27 February and March 2 1945. The other half of the book is an analysis of the units and involved. This book's fully documented and researched conclusions provide a new and controversial interpretation of 21 Army Group.

From the early 18th century Scotland produced large numbers of medical graduates, many of whom joined the armed forces. This book outlines the contributions which these doctors made to military and naval medicine from the 18th century to WWI. Each of the 12 chapters is based on a presentation made to an online symposium held by the Scottish Society of the History of Medicine in association with the History Society of the Royal Society of Medicine. The authors are experts in their respective fields.Scotland's Contribution gives new insights into established leaders in this developing speciality including Sir John Pringle and Sir James McGrigor, while Sir Charles Bell's legacy to military surgery, his artwork, is given a fresh analysis. Other chapters outline the remarkable saga of Dr James Barry, the first trans man to qualify in medicine in Britain and the painstaking detective work of Sir David Bruce in discovering the cause of brucellosis. One of the chapters on WWI describes the work of Gray, Fraser and Wade while the other is an account of a Scottish Women's Hospital unit in Salonika. There are also accounts of less well-known figures.Scotland's Contribution will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of military medicine and surgery, and to anyone with an interest in the history of medicine in Scotland.Contributors to the book are: Tom Scotland, Peter Starling, Michael Crumplin, Max Cooper, David Vassallo, Peter Brinsden, Carol Parry, and Cat Irving

Explores various aspects of the Allied military effort to force a passage through the Dardanelles Straits and eliminate Ottoman Turkey from its Central Powers alliance.Generally conceded to be doomed from the outset by the most recent historiography, the Gallipoli campaign still arouses heated controversy. In a new compendium of original research by an impressive array of established and up and coming scholars, Gallipoli: New Perspectives on the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force, 1915-16 explores various aspects of the Allied military effort to force a passage through the Dardanelles Straits and eliminate Ottoman Turkey from its Central Powers alliance.Contributors and topics: Phylomena Badsey: Care giving and naval nurses; John Bourne: 7th North Staffordshire Regiment; Stephen Chambers: Prisoners of war; Alexandra Churchill: Evacuation of the peninsula; Jeff Cleverly: Suvla Bay landings; Rhys Crawley: Mediterranean Expeditionary Force Headquarters; Brian Curragh: Lieutenant-General Sir Bryan Mahon and 10th (Irish) Division; Peter Doyle: Gallipoli terrain; Katherine Swinfen Eady: 29th Division staff officer; Meleah Hampton: First Battle of Krithia; Peter Hart: Royal Naval Division; Simon House: Corps Expeditionnaire d'Orient; Gavin Hughes: Irish regiments; James Hurst: ANZAC landing; Rob Langham: Highland Mountain Brigade; Michael LoCicero: Krithia Nullah operations November-December 1915; Linda Parker: British and Australian chaplains; Ross Mahoney: British airpower; Simon Peaple: Grand strategy; Chris Pugsley: New Zealand military performance; David Raw: Hunter-Weston-Egerton feud; Chris Roberts: Australian brigade command; Rob Stevenson: 1st Australian Division; Tom Williams: Territorial divisions at Suvla Bay and Ritchie Wood & John Dixon: British and Australian tunnellers.

A comprehensive overview of the innovative camouflage smocks worn by the infantrymen of the 6th Armoured Division.Camouflaged Fist delivers a comprehensive overview of the innovative, and until now previously un-researched, camouflage smocks worn by the infantrymen of the 6th Armoured Division. Following meticulous archival research of previously un-accessed war diaries the narrative uses a fully evidenced based approach supplemented by accounts from those who wore them and recently digitized photographs and documents to set out the who, what, why, where and when of their use.In telling the story, Camouflage Fist also provides insight into the wider use of uniform by infantrymen in Italy and previously unpublished material concerning the 6th Armoured Division. It will be of interest and assistance to historians, military collectors, reenactors and scale modelers alike."Gareth Scanlon has put together a detailed study of the 6th Armoured Division. He presents a comprehensive analysis of the uniforms, the innovative use of camouflage clothing and the adaptation of the Guards and Rifle regiments of the Division to the climate, terrain and vegetation of central Italy during the summer of 1944. The result of many years of detailed research and painstaking acquisition of the uniforms and other accoutrements worn by the guardsmen and riflemen Camouflaged Fist provides a deep analysis of their origins, sources and modifications. This book makes a significant contribution to our knowledge of the war in Italy from a barely tapped but fruitful direction for what is often portrayed as a dull, unimaginative and colorless campaign." - Dr Nigel Warwick, Corps Historian Royal Air Force Regiment

'Left London, on a journey with Kabool as my objective via Brindisi and Bombay'. With these words written on Tuesday October 15, 1878, the Scottish artist William Simpson (1823-1899), commenced a daily journal which he later entitled Diary of a Journey to Afghanistan during the Campaign of 1878-79.

In Last War of the Superfortresses the authors provide a detailed history of the confrontation between Soviet fighters and the United States Far East Air Force's B-29 'Superfortress' bombers during the Korean War of 1950-1953.

Explores the British Army's transformation since 2010 and details policy-driven changes and initiatives.The Modern British Army: The Path to Future Soldier, 2010s and Beyond details the Army's efforts to match ongoing reductions in strength with the organisation and equipment to meet the country's defence challenges in today's world. Emphasis is on the period from 2010 onwards: 'Army 2020' to 'Future Soldier.'Drawing on a wide range of official and other contemporary sources, The Modern British Army examines the policy decisions driving these changes as well as providing complete details on command structure, organisation, units, basing, and equipment. This allows the reader to follow the changes to the Army as it adapted to these often modified or even altered policies. The Royal Marine commando force and the RAF's ground protection forces are included as well as the Army itself.The Modern British Army: The Path to Future Soldier, 2010s and Beyond is extensively illustrated throughout with color photographs and includes a range of specially commissioned color artworks.

Examines the events of The Indo-Pakistani War of the south-western border area between India and Pakistan.The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Volume 3 is a highly authoritative and richly illustrated account of the war during which Bangladesh was born as an independent state. This volume details the offensives and counteroffensives on the south-western section of the India-Pakistan border.In 1947, India and Pakistan were partitioned by their former colonial ruler, Great Britain, leaving unresolved the issue of Kashmir. This triggered wars between the new states in 1947-48, 1965, 1971 and a continuing insurgency/counterinsurgency.Late in the afternoon of 3 December 1971, in an attempt to distract New Delhi from developments in its eastern wing, Pakistan initiated hostilities with India by flying a series of air strikes against the forward air bases of the Indian Air force. Thus began the 'official' part of the India-Pakistan War of 1971, a bitter conventional war of the highest intensity in the history of the two countries since their independence. During the following weeks, a series of pitched battles took place as the two parties began exchanging blows almost everywhere along their 2,000-kilometre long mutual borders. By 16 December, and rather suddenly, the conflict was over: once East Pakistan had been overrun by India, Islamabad had no incentive to continue fighting a war it could not possibly win. Through the extensive use of official records and participant recollections, rare photography and authentic color profiles, Ravi Rikhye tells the captivating story of the biggest military conflict fought between India and Pakistan to date, and the war that resulted in the emergence of Bangladesh as an independent nation.The third volume of The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 examines the events on the battlefields of the south-western border area between India and Pakistan and is extensively illustrated with photographs and includes specially commissioned color artworks.

Covers US forces in Berlin during the Cold War, from their arrival in July 1945, through to the departure of American Berlin Brigade in 1994.Cold War Berlin - An Island City Volume 4: US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War 1945-1994 examines how the troops of the US Army's Berlin Brigade prepared for war: the units that made up the brigade; how it trained; how it was equipped; how it planned to defend the city; and also looks at the Special Forces units that served alongside it.At the end of the Second World War, the victors split Germany into three zones of occupation, and Berlin was divided into four sectors: one each for the British, Americans, French and Soviets. The western part of the city lay well within eastern Germany, cut off from immediate friendly military support and, as the Cold War developed, was surrounded by around 420,000 Soviet troops of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG) - the shock troops who would lead the invasion of Western Europe in the event of a war against NATO. There were also 180,000 East German troops of the Nationale Volksarmee, supported by tens of thousands of paramilitary police and the infamous East German Border Guards (Grenztruppen der DDR).US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War looks at how the Berlin Brigade, the 5,000-strong American component of the Western military presence in the city prepared to defend West Berlin from the communist threat and examines what is known of Operation Stoss (or Zentrum); the East German plan to occupy Berlin in the event of war. This volume also looks at the work of the United States Military Liaison Mission (USMLM).US Forces in Berlin - Preparing For War is the second of two volumes covering US forces in Berlin during the Cold War, from their arrival in July 1945, through to the departure of American Berlin Brigade in 1994. The text is richly illustrated with photographs, illustrations, diagrams, tables, maps, plans, and color profiles, and is printed in full color throughout.

Continues the detailed military history of this ongoing conflict, the largest in Europe since the end of the Second World War in 1945.Volume 7 of War in Ukraine provides a detailed account of the air war as it developed during 2023, a period in which Russia made extensive use of Tu-95 and Tu-22 bombers and their missiles to bring about the collapse of the power supply system in Ukraine.The second year of the War in Ukraine began with the Russian attempt to collapse the power supply and power grid of Ukraine through an offensive with ballistic- and cruise missiles. Lasting months, this operation saw the sustained deployment of Tu-95 and Tu-22 bombers and their missiles, combined with tactical precision guided munitions and Iranian-made Shahed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Highly promising, early on, the offensive failed because of last-minute deliveries of advanced air defence systems and a large number of power generators from the West: even then, it was a close call, with the government in Kyiv almost making the decision to evacuate the capital. Hard on the heels of this episode, the USA and Germany rushed PAC-2/3 Patriot air defence systems to Ukraine, which Russia attempted to knock out with its Kinzhal hypersonic missiles. Around the same time, the Russians also began deploying MPK/UMPK glide bombs to strike targets along the frontline from outside the range of Ukrainian air defences.War In Ukraine: Volume 7, Air War, January - December 2023 continues the detailed military history of this ongoing conflict, the largest in Europe since the end of the Second World War in 1945. This volume is illustrated throughout with original color photographs and includes specially commissioned color artworks.

On 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation launched an all-out invasion of Ukraine. Coming after years of tensions following Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea and thinly veiled direct armed support for separatists fighting in Donbass and Luhansk in eastern Ukraine, observers gave Ukraine's military little chance of surviving the initial Russian onslaught. Yet the Russian forces failed to deliver a decisive blow in the opening air or ground campaign. Volume 6 of War in Ukraine examines the air war between Russia and Ukraine during February and March of 2022.In order to explain the failures of the Russian Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS) in the opening moves of this war, this volume undertakes a detailed examination of the history, technology and doctrine of the Soviet and Russian air forces from the late Cold War up to the eve of the 2022 invasion, along with the opposing air force and ground-based anti-air defenses of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Zbroiynyhsyl Ukrayini, ZSU).Building upon the general account of the opening moves of this conflict contained in Volume 2 of War in Ukraine, this volume presents a detailed account of the successes and failures of each side in their use of air power and how this impacted upon the ground campaign.War in Ukraine: Volume 6 The Air War February-March 2022 is illustrated throughout with full color photographs, specially commissioned maps, and the @War series' signature color artworks showing the aircraft of this ongoing conflict.

Che's Guevara's Final Adventure: The Guerrilla in Bolivia, 1967 is a detailed military history of the final campaign of Ernesto 'Che' Guevara, as he commanded the Bolivian National Liberation Army in a doomed campaign against the US-backed military regime headed by Air Force General René Barrientos.Between 1966 and 1967 Argentine-born Ernesto Guevara - known around the world as 'Che' - would lead the Cuban-backed Bolivian National Liberation Army in Ñancahuazú region of Bolivia, in what was known as the the Ñancahuazú Guerrilla. Bolivia at that time was governed by a military regime headed by Air Force General René Barrientos, who in November 1964 had overthrown the historic leader and constitutional president Víctor Paz Estenssoro and put an end to the nationalist-popular revolution that began in April 1952.At the beginning of the operations, Che's guerrillas obtained some positive results before the Bolivian army and troops of the security forces began a relentless pursuit, supported by aircraft of the Bolivian air force, which bombed and machinegunned the guerrilla camps. With US military help in the training of the Bolivian Army Rangers, it was possible to decimate the guerrillas and capture, and ultimately execute, Guevara in October 1967.Che's Guevara's Final Adventure: The Guerrilla in Bolivia, 1967 provides a detailed day-by-day account of the last campaign of a figure who even today remains an instantly recognisable icon of the left-wing revolutionary movements of the Cold War era, and is illustrated throughout with original photographs and includes specially commissioned color artworks.

This volume examines Argentina's military history during the 1970s, focusing on the insurgency, government operations, and the Dirty War.Following the death of Juan Domingo Perón in 1974, the presidency of Argentina was assumed by his widow Isabel Martínez de Perón. Far from ceasing their opposition to the government, the People's Revolutionary Army (Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo/ERP) and Montoneros stepped up their armed campaign to overthrow the government and replace it with a revolutionary Marxist-Leninist regime. Despite authorising Operativo Independencia (Operation Independence) Isabel Perón would ultimately be deposed by her own generals and the anti-guerilla campaign would descend into the so-called Dirty War.The campaign against anti-government and revolutionary groups in Argentina during the 1970s has become infamous for the notorious methods employed by government forces to ruthlessly suppress any form of opposition, and terms such as 'dirty war' and 'disappeared' have been added to the global lexicon as a result. Volume 2 of Operativo Independencia offers a military history of this insurgency and the campaign to suppress it, the telling of which to date has been highly politicised. Far from being only a movement of radical students and intellectuals, the opposition to Argentina's government included armed organisations that engaged in a bloody, if ineffective and ultimately futile, campaign of murder to achieve its aims. While Isabel Martínez de Perón authorised the launch of Operativo Independencia to suppress the armed insurgency, failure to take firm control of Argentina would lead to her overthrow by her own generals who would go on to establish a series of military juntas to rule Argentina until the return of democracy in the aftermath of the Falklands/Malvinas War of 1982.Operativo Independencia Volume 2 examines the military history of events between Isabel Martínez de Perón's assumption of the presidency of Argentina and the conclusion of the Dirty War. This volume details the motivation, operations and methods of government and opposition forces in this violent period of the history of Argentina.Operativo Independencia Volume 2: Guerilla War, the 1976 Coup D'état, and The Dirty War in Argentina is illustrated throughout with over 300 original photographs of the events in Argentina during the 1970s, along with specially commissioned maps and colour artworks.

The history of the British Army's multi-racial forces that supported the empire's global dominance through economic power, a strong navy, and formidable military presence.What allowed the British to create and hold its empire? In 1914 the British had the largest empire in the world. The sun literally never set on its holdings. The Empire rested on three strong pillars - British economic might, a powerful fleet and its multi race armies. The wealth provided by British industry provided the sinews of British power. The fleet protected the arteries along which British products reached the world and the UK projected its power. But its wealth and strong navy would not allow England to guard the North-West Frontier of India, or march to Peking or Ethiopia or fight foes as varied as the Sikhs, Māori and Zulus. In The British Empire's Regulars - 1880-1914 the army and men that won and held the empire are covered in detail. In most books these men are as anonymous as pawns on a chessboard. The book gives a definitive account of the many different ethnic groups that served. Sikhs, Scots, Gurkhas, Ibos and more are all here. The work explains what contribution each made to The Empire's polyglot armies. Drawing on sociology, governmental records and history, the book will appeal to readers who are interested in the British Empire, its military forces, and to students and scholars of military sociology and history.

The J-20 fifth generation stealth fighter program has epitomised China's rise from a laggard in combat aviation into a potential world leader. J-20 Mighty Dragon: Asia's First Stealth Fighter in the Era of China's Military Rise details the J-20's technologies, capabilities, production timeline, design priorities, roles, evolution, and the formations and locations where it has been deployed, the ways other countries have responded to it, and how the last 30 years of China's industrial and technology sector's modernisation positioned the country to produce what may well now be the world's top air superiority fighter.The J-20 program is the most high-profile indicator of a turning point in the balance of power between China and the United States, and has produced by far the most capable fighter that America or its allies could face in a potential conflict. An assessment of the history of Chinese air superiority capabilities, and how the Korean War in particular has influenced the country to place a very strong emphasis on the need to field a leading fighter for air-to-air combat, thus provides an important deeper understanding of the program.Important context to understanding the J-20's significance and its current global standing is provided by brief assessments of the positions of the Russian and American fighter industries. The parallel development of supporting assets from aerial tankers to electronic warfare planes is also explored for a better understanding of the much-transformed Chinese fleet which J-20s are being inducted into.The program is also shown to have had a particularly significant influence in the United States, ranging from placing discourse on the F-35's modernisation and on sixth generation fighter development in an entirely new context, to stimulating the formation of new counter-stealth aggressor training units, development of new air-to-air missiles, and the acquisition of E-7 'flying radar' aircraft among many other responses to the new challenge. J-20 Mighty Dragon: Asia's First Stealth Fighter in the Era of China's Military Rise is the fi rst volume in the new Technology@War series and is extensively illustrated with colour photographs throughout and specially commissioned colour artworks.

The Nine Years' War recounts Ireland's near-expulsion of English rule, led by Hugh O'Neill's remarkable Irish confederation.The Nine Years War (1593-1603), sometimes known as Tyrone's Rebellion, was one of the most devastating and brutal conflicts to sweep the island. Never would the English Crown come so close to losing its grip on Ireland. It was brought on by a combination of English misrule, Irish ambition and the fortuitous creation of political ties with Spain. A confederation of Irish lords led by the charismatic and exceptionally gifted Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, swept from one victory to another. Part 1 of this series examines the years of Irish triumph as English nonchalance turned to disbelief and then panic as Irish armies engaged with and defeated all attempts by the Crown to restore English authority.Tyrone duped the English state into believing it was engaged in a local affair against Hugh Maguire, lord of Fermanagh, for the first two years of the war. While the English fought a shooting war in the west of Ulster, Tyrone raised an unprecedented confederation of Irish lords that set aside parochial self-interest to mount a concerted and coordinated effort to eject English power from Ireland once and for all.Time and again, English armies were engaged and defeated by modernised Irish forces fighting with a skill and technical sophistication never before seen. This series of Crown defeats came to a bloody climax at the battle of the Yellow Ford on 14 August 1598. The Irish shattered the English field army in a matter of hours. Its commander, Henry Bagenal, was killed along with almost half his men. The battle remains the greatest defeat given to the English by Irish arms and a striking reverse to a period often seen as Elizabeth's Golden Age.

In August 1644, Turenne and Grand Condé battled the shrewd Bavarian Mercy in grueling fights at Freiburg, revealing wartime challenges.Early August 1644 saw the two greatest French men-of-war of the mid-seventeenth century, Turenne and the future Grand Condé, attempt to dislodge the Bavarian general Franz von Mercy from the heights of Freiburg in the Black Forest. In the twilight of the Thirty Years' War, there was probably no better opponent for these two geniuses than Mercy, who had the astonishing ability to anticipate his enemies' plans. Against such a general, it would take no less than Enghien and Turenne. The battles of 3 and 5 August were among the most difficult that the two men would face throughout their careers: their carefully prepared plans were thwarted by the shrewdness of their opponents and some unfortunate initiatives on the part of their subordinates. The battles were so deadly that they brought Mazarin to tears. On learning of what could be considered a victory, the Cardinal is said to have stated that France would have been lost if it had won many similar victories.The days of Freiburg were the setting for some fascinating actions in which doggedness gave way only to courage. Thanks to numerous contemporary accounts, the reader is immersed in the heart of the two battles that enabled the French, despite being held at bay, to keep the Bavarians away from the right bank of the Rhine. The context of the campaign, the character of the three protagonists, the phases of the various battles, the armies involved and the lessons learned are all analysed in detail.