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This volume presents relevantbackground information to understanding the molecular basis governingunconventional protein secretion (UPS), and in particular explores the latesttechniques and protocols that have been successfully applied for the study ofthis topic. Detailed chapters include an overview of conventional andunconventional secretory pathways along with multidisciplinary approaches andmethods used for UPS analysis in different organisms. Written in the highly successful Methods inMolecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to theirrespective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step,readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting andavoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, UnconventionalProtein Secretion: Methods and Protocols will be usefulfor all interested in the secretory pathway field as well as applications incell biology, cell development, biomedical research, and healthcare.

This volume is the result of an explosion ofmolecular-based research on Cilia, which began with the discovery of theuniversality of intraflagellar transport (IFT) and ciliary genomics/proteomics.The chapters in this book cover topics such as: high resolution imaging andfunctional characterization of sensory and primary cilia in mammalian cells andzebrafish, methods to study ciliary-mediated chemoresponse in Paramecium,and methods to study centrosomes and cilia in C. elegans and Drosophila.Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format,chapters include introduction to their respective topics, lists of thenecessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratoryprotocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Practical and cutting-edge, Cilia:Methods and Protocols is broad and covers motile, sensory, and primarycells. It is a valuable resource to anyone interested in entering the field ofciliary biology using model organisms, including flagellate algae, ciliates,planaria, nematodes, insects, zebrafish, and mammalian cells.

This volume provides an up-to-date compilationof current methodological approaches utilized for the exploration of nucleolarstructure and function. Chapters covera diversity of protocols that include imaging of the nucleolus, analysis ofribosomal RNA transcription and processing, and genomics and proteomics of thenucleolus.

This volume presents methods and techniques to studyoogenesis in a broad range of organisms, from plants to mammals. Oogenesis: Methods and Protocols guidesreaders through protocols on models ofdevelopmental biology, oogenesis in plants, worms, fruit flies,mosquitos, butterflies, starfish, zebrafish, frog, chicken and mouse. Written in the highly successful Methodsin Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to theirrespective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step,readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting andavoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and cutting-edge, Oogenesis:Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the furtherstudy of this vital field.

This book provides coverage, methodology, and laboratory protocols on the more essential aspects of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) function and regulation, including the use of standardized in vitro functional assays, suitable cell systems, and animal and microorganism models.

This volume highlights the role of proteostasis in human health and associated disease model systems, reflecting its rising importance which has led to the development of new technologies to obtain insight into underling protein mechanistic events.

This volume covers arange of methods used in plant cytogenetics, beginning with basic analysis ofchromosomes and visualizing gene locations, to manipulating and dissectingchromosomes, and then focusing on less understood features of chromosomes suchas recombination initiation sites and epigenomic marks.

This volume provides researchers with up-to-date protocols and takes aclose look at current research and promising applications.

This volume expands upon Protein Electrophoresis (2012) and provides readers with easy-to-follow and reproducible methods to study electrophoresis. The chapters in this book cover topics such as the Cydex Blue assay; cellulose-acetate electrophoresis of hemoglobin; cationic electrophoresis; tricine-SDS-Page; identification of proteins on archived 2-D gels; cell surface protein biotinylation of SDS-PAGE analysis; and artifacts and common errors in protein gel electrophoresis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Practical and thorough, Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning and experimenting with this field.

This detailed volume compiles the best methodologies and experimental techniques to profile and extract maximal data from brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs), the experimental paradigm for brain cancer research that offers insights into cancer stem cell populations that may drive not only tumor initiation but tumor recurrence and patient relapse.

This volume provides readers with the latest technologies to study changes in the epitranscriptome. The protocols described in this book explore both targeted and unbiased high-throughput analysis associated with post-transcriptional RNA modification. The chapters in this book also cover specific topics such as transcriptome-wide detection of 5-methylcytosine; HAMR; iRNA-2OM; genome-wide annotation of circRNAs; immune-northern blotting; and detection and quantification of pseudouridine in RNA. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and comprehensive, Epitranscriptomics: Methods and Protocols is an important resource for both expert and novice scientists who are interested in learning more about this field.

This volume provides a summary of the standard laboratory protocols and methodology commonly used in basic and translational studies in the field of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Chapters detail including basic RA models, evaluation of disease activity and immunological status, systemic drug delivery, and new research tools. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Rheumatoid Arthritis: Methods and Protocols aims to be a basic manual for clinical researchers who are just getting started in the field of intervention study.

This volume discusses the latest research and techniques used to study novel cellulases. The chapters in this book explore topics such as the role of cellulases in lignocellulose deconstruction for generation of a sugar platform for biofuel; screening for novel fungal b-glucosidases in a variety of fungal strains; discovery of novel enzymes in bacteria or fungi; protocols for isolating cellulolytic rumen bacteria; analysis of enzyme mixtures produced by ligocellulolytic fungi; and homology modeling. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Cellulases: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for biochemists, molecular biologists, chemical engineers, and industrial researchers interested in this field.

This volume provides in-depth descriptions and discussion of clinical trial designs based on novel data analysis of high-quality trials for 11 different neurological conditions in order to ultimately improve the quality of care in neurology.

This fully updated book collects numerous data mining techniques, reflecting the acceleration and diversity of the development of data-driven approaches to the life sciences. The first half of the volume examines genomics, particularly metagenomics and epigenomics, which promise to deepen our knowledge of genes and genomes, while the second half of the book emphasizes metabolism and the metabolome as well as relevant medicine-oriented subjects. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include the kind of detail and expert implementation advice that is useful for getting optimal results. Authoritative and practical, Data Mining for Systems Biology: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal resource for researchers of biology and relevant fields, such as medical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural sciences, as well as for the scientists and engineers who are working on developing data-driven techniques, such as databases, data sciences, data mining, visualization systems, and machine learning or artificial intelligence that now are central to the paradigm-altering discoveries being made with a higher frequency.

This fully updated volume utilizes the expertise of scientists currently engaged in immunotoxicity testing to provide the reader with lab-ready procedures and the background information needed to identify effective testing approaches.

This volume provides a thorough guide of the study of multiple myeloma (MM)-from sample acquisition to the performance of molecular tests, and also discusses difficulties that arise during quality control and interpretation of results.

This volume details fast-moving research while providing in-depth descriptions of methods and analytical approaches that are helping to understand the genome and how it is related to complex diseases.

This book presents a compilation of methods that detail improved protein and peptide sample preparation and identification. Chapters guide readers through methods for depletion of myofibril-associated proteins, peptide sample preparation in urinary proteomics, purification of targeted proteins from native tissues, fractionation strategies for protein analysis, and GeLC-MS as a sample preparation method for sample preparation for proteomics using minimal amount of tissue. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Tissue Proteomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.

This volume presents methods and protocols on modern analysis of steroid receptor and prostate cancer function. Chapters detail androgen, androgen receptor action, anti-androgen enzalutamide, in vitro and in vivo models, imaging, gene fusions, and help facilitate studies with novel drugs including anti-androgens and chemotherapeutics. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Prostate Cancer: Methods and Protocols aims to provide easily reproducible techniques.

This detailed volume examines bioinformatic and molecular biological methods useful to identify and to explore the functions of CpG islands, key navigation points to understand gene regulation in fundamental processes such as development and cell differentiation as well as in diseases like cancer.

Chapters guide readers through the production of VNPs derived from plant, animal and bacterial viruses, prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems, encapsulation of heterologous materials within VNPs, and the modification of the outer surface of VNPs and how such modified VNPs can be developed into functional entities.

This volume looks at the latest techniques used to enable therapeutic molecules to be targeted for site-specific delivery. The chapters in this book discuss topics such as approaches to express biologically derived and synthetic nanocarriers; strategies to assist in nanocarrier targeting to specific cells and tissues; and methods for evaluating delivery and efficiency for new classes of agents. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Targeted Drug Delivery: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding the diversity of methods used in this evolving field.

This detailed book compiles state-of-the-art protocols from researchers actively working in the area of autophagy, a crucial cellular process that regulates numerous cellular functions.

With new chapters covering colocalization analysis of fluorescent probes, correlative light and electron microscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, light sheet microscopy, intravital microscopy, high throughput microscopy, and stereological techniques.

In Chloroplast Research in Arabidopsis: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers bring together some of the most important, modern techniques and approaches for chloroplast research, with the unifying theme of Arabidopsis as the model system.

Today, activation endoproteolysis of secretory proteins is recognized as a fundamental biological mechanism of spatial and temporal regulation of protein activity as well as of diversification of protein functions.