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This book provides readers with numerical analysis techniques to model the magnetisation of bulk superconductors based on the finite element method. How to model bulk superconducting materials and their various magnetisation processes are presented along with an in-depth summary of the current state-of-the-art in the field, and example models, implemented in the software package COMSOL Multiphysics(R), are provided so that readers may carry out modelling of their own.

Biomechanical Modeling of the Cardiovascular System brings together the challenges and experiences of academic scientists, leading engineers, industry researchers and students to enable them to analyse results of all aspects of biomechanics and biomedical engineering. It also provides a springboard to discuss the practical challenges and to propose solutions on this complex subject.

Energy Density Functional Methods for Atomic Nuclei provides a thorough and updated presentation of energy density functional (EDF) techniques in atomic nuclei. Incorporating detailed derivations, practical approaches, examples and figures, a coherent narrative of topics that have hitherto rarely been covered together is provided.

Electromechanical Machinery Theory and Performance presents a detailed explanation of electromagnetic machines, giving specific focus on transformers and AC rotating machines that can be used in the preservation and transference of energy and power. This book is developed for students at both graduate and undergraduate level, and can be used by engineers as well.

Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Animal tissue culture and biopharmaceuticals provides background information on all aspects of this fascinating subject, including stem cell treatment, in vitro organ systems and cell culture technology. This book and the previous two volumes are a must read for undergraduate pharmacy and biotechnology students.

Discussing origins, including the Big Bang and the origin of the elements, this book provides evidence that the molecules of life are produced in outer space and how the SNAAP model purports to explain that origin. It is aimed at the upper undergraduate level, with mathematics associated with coupling the nuclear spins to the molecular chirality.

As one of the most prominent diseases in our society, cardiovascular disease (CVD) requires dedicated analysis and investigation to reduce the increasing mortality rate worldwide. Scholars, biomedical engineers and medical practitioners will greatly benefit from the detailed information in this book, which gives a better understanding of the causes, diagnosis and treatment of CVD.

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Medical Diagnostics aims to encourage members of the medical profession to join experts from other fields of research in exploring the unique physical properties of magnetic nanoparticles for medical applications.

This text introduces the subject of Mott insulators and reviews present knowledge in the field, enabling students and researchers to get acquainted with this very interesting and emerging area of science and technology.

Lens Design: Automatic and quasi-autonomous computational methods and techniques is the first book that interactively describes the newest lens design tools. Detailing design methods for a variety of lens forms, this book shows that fixed focus and zoom lenses can be optimized. It will help experienced and aspiring lens designers to develop excellent designs henceforth.

Modern Interferometry for Length Metrology: Exploring limits and novel techniques gives an overview of refined traditional methods and novel techniques in the field of length and distance metrology. Within the book advanced solutions, which can be used for various applications and can help provide a comprehensive understanding of both metrology and interferometry, have been developed and discussed.

Regenerative biology and medicine is a rapidly developing field that can revolutionize medicine. This book introduces the essentials of regenerative biology and medicine to advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students, as well as students and professionals outside the field who need (and want) an introduction to the subject.

Elliptical Mirrors: Applications in microscopy discusses the importance of the elliptical mirror; the third solution after parabolic reflectors and lenses for which apodization factors were established in 1921 and 1959 respectively. This detailed and highly insightful book will be an important reference in a growing subject area that will benefit PhD students, optical physicists, metrologists and researchers.

Principles of Biophotonics, volume two describes detection and statistical representation of optical fields. Beginning by placing the visible spectrum in the context of the electromagnetic frequency range, this presentation stresses how thin of a sliver is normally called the optical spectrum. In addition to describing properties of light with technical accuracy, the most common radiometric quantities are introduced, and conversion to photon-based quantities is explicitly presented. For completeness, an analogy to the photometric quantities is also made, and the three fundamental mechanisms for generating light, blackbody radiation, fluorescence and laser emission, are covered. Each chapter contains a set of practice problems and additional references, and this book aims to build the foundation for further study in subsequent volumes.

This book aims to teach students, instructors and professionals the basis of optical techniques for biomedical investigation. It is a text for researchers active at the interface between biology, medicine and optics. With the format of a classical textbook, this work contains the underlying theory of biological optics and applications to real laboratory problems, via exercises and homework.

Inverse Imaging with Poisson Data is an invaluable resource for graduate students, postdocs and researchers interested in the application of inverse problems to the domains of applied sciences, such as microscopy, medical imaging and astronomy.

An excellent resource for students studying solid state science, as well as researchers and industry specialists, this book provides a deeper understanding of the benefits, drawbacks and overlap within different characterisation techniques, and it bridges the gap between theory and implementation by including informative exercises for readers and presenting a comprehensive overview of various characterisation techniques involved in solid state research.

Liquid crystals are beautiful, and their science is intriguing. This book will take you on a photographic tour of the visual diversity of liquid crystals and describes, for a general audience, their role in technology and biology.

This book is an essential introduction to the basic principles of radiation protection and aerosol physics, including applications within international and UK law for the protection of the public against the dangers arising from ionising radiation. The text also discusses the difficulties with the monitoring and the health detriment associated with problematic radionuclides.

Statistical Mechanics: Problems with solutions contains detailed model solutions to the exercise problems formulated in the companion Lecture notes volume. In many cases, the solutions include result discussions that enhance the lecture material. For readers' convenience, the problem assignments are reproduced in this volume.

This unique text introduces classical statistical mechanics using molecular dynamic simulations to teach and explore the subject. Illustrated with numerous figures and animations, the book will be useful for students and professionals wishing to receive a contemporary understanding of statistical physics and use the methods in their research.

Gamma-ray Burst Correlations presents an overview of the observational correlations; their physical interpretations, their use as redshift estimators, and their potential use as cosmological tools. The author describes the existing correlations as well as broaching the possible meaning and controversy behind the results of several GRB correlations.

The popular conception of science is of a steady, upward climb of progress. The reality is not that simple. Highly significant discoveries often stay unrecognized for decades, particularly if they conflict with the current paradigm or extend it in ways hard to imagine at the time. Ahead of the Curve: Hidden breakthroughs in the biosciences is a fascinating collection of lost research that the editors believe are important scientific contributions.

Extragalactic Novae: A historical perspective takes the reader on a journey chronicling the study of a class of eruptive variable stars known as "Novae Stella", Latin for "New Stars". These mysterious transient objects, now referred to simply as novae, have been recognized since antiquity, suddenly appearing in the night sky before slowly fading back into obscurity. The book reviews observations of extragalactic novae beginning with a discussion of their role in the discovery that the spiral nebulae were galaxies similar to the Milky Way, up through their recent contributions to our understanding of close binary star formation across differing stellar populations.

Gamma-ray bursts cover various areas of astronomy and interest in them reaches a wide range of fields. The science behind them is rapidly moving and this book examines the knowledge that we now have as well as the questions that are continually being raised. Predominantly aimed at PhD students and researchers in the area, Gamma-Ray Bursts addresses this fascinating topic and outlines the principles and initial applications of a fascinating astronomical phenomena.

A Modern Course in Quantum Field Theory provides a self-contained pedagogical and constructive presentation of quantum field theory. Written for advanced students, the work provides complete material for a two or three semester course and includes numerous problem exercises, some with detailed solutions.

Gas-Phase Chemistry in Space is written by a collection of experts in the field of astrochemistry. The book introduces essential concepts that govern the formation, excitation and destruction of molecules at postgraduate and research levels. A broad range of topics are covered; from early universe chemistry and stellar nucleosynthesis, to the study of bimolecular reaction kinetics.

This volume covers the mechanical aspects of hard-film/soft-substrate structures and the impacts of stress and strain, including deformation and cycling of ductile films, and straining permeation barriers.

In 1947, it was discovered that multiple scattering theory (MST) can be used to solve the Schröedinger equation for the stationary states of electrons in a solid. Written by experts in the field, J S Faulkner, G Malcolm Stocks and Yang Wang, this book collates the results of numerous studies in the field of MST and provides a comprehensive, systematic approach to it. For many scientists, students and engineers working with multiple scattering programmes, this will be a useful guide to help expand the existing knowledge of MST as well as understanding its future implications.

Generalized Hypergeometric Functions explores the way in which hypergeometric functions are interlinked with special functions, and it uses group theory to illustrate these relationships. The application of group theory to the study of special functions is a relatively new approach to the subject area. It is a departure from most of the standard text books, which deal with the special functions as disjointed chapters, with each chapter dealing with the properties of the given special function.