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Swarm Intelligence (SI) is one of the most important and challenging paradigms under the umbrella of computational intelligence. It focuses on the research of collective behaviours of a swarm in nature and/or social phenomenon to solve complicated and difficult problems which cannot be handled by traditional approaches. Thousands of papers are published each year presenting new algorithms, new improvements and numerous real world applications. This makes it hard for researchers and students to share their ideas with other colleagues; follow up the works from other researchers with common interests; and to follow new developments and innovative approaches. This complete and timely collection fills this gap by presenting the latest research systematically and thoroughly to provide readers with a full view of the field of swarm. Students will learn the principles and theories of typical swarm intelligence algorithms; scholars will be inspired with promising research directions; and practitioners will find suitable methods for their applications of interest along with useful instructions.Volume 2 includes 17 chapters covering front-edge research with novel and newly proposed algorithms and methods.With contributions from an international selection of leading researchers, Swarm Intelligence is essential reading for engineers, researchers, professionals and practitioners with interests in swarm intelligence.

A sustainable community energy system is an approach to supplying a local community - ranging from a few homes or farms to entire cities - with its energy requirements from renewable energy or high-efficiency co-generation energy sources. Such systems are frequently based on wind power, solar power, biomass, either singly or in combination. Community energy projects have been growing in numbers in several key regions.This book provides an overview of existing and emerging community energy technologies. Topics covered include data-driven methods for prediction of small to medium wind turbines performance; optimisation of wind farms for communities; financing for community wind and photovoltaic project development; community-level solar thermal systems; solar water desalination for small communities; community solar photovoltaic projects; assessing wind loads for urban photovoltaic installations; design optimisation of multi-energy hubs for community energy projects; battery based storage for communities; power-to-gas and power-to-power for storage and ancillary services in urban areas; smart multi-energy microgrids; and conservation and demand management in community energy systems.Wind and Solar Based Energy Systems for Communities is essential reading for researchers and engineers working to develop community energy systems and advance the transition to a clean energy future.

Robust control theory allows for changes in a system whilst maintaining stability and performance. Applications of this technique are very important for dependable embedded systems, making technologies such as drones and other autonomous systems with sophisticated embedded controllers and systems relatively common-place.The aim of this book is to present the theoretical and practical aspects of embedded robust control design and implementation with the aid of MATLAB® and SIMULINK®. It covers methods suitable for practical implementations, combining knowledge from control system design and computer engineering to describe the entire design cycle. Three extended case studies are developed in depth: embedded control of a tank physical model; robust control of a miniature helicopter; and robust control of two-wheeled robots.These are taken from the area of motion control but the book may be also used by designers in other areas. Some knowledge of Linear Control Theory is assumed and knowledge of C programming is desirable but to make the book accessible to engineers new to the field and to students, the authors avoid complicated mathematical proofs and overwhelming computer architecture technical details. All programs used in the examples and case studies are freely downloadable to help with the assimilation of the book contents.

This book presents the fundamental background theory and analytical techniques of antenna design. It deals with a very wide range of antenna types, operating from very low frequencies to millimetre waves.

The book sets out to explain the basic principles of radar and, where applicable, historical aspects of the evolution of these principles are dealt with. The study, while underlining the significance of the cavity magnetron, purposely restricts itself to the pre-cavity magnetron era of radar.

Two alternative methods of aperture antenna analysis are described in this book.

This book covers the basic principles of HF semiconductor electronics, through specific examples in circuit development and modern measurement technology, along with consideration of the influence of the computer in switching technology.

This book introduces the reader to basic wave theory in absorbing, anisotropic and dispersive media and to the physics of production, loss, and movement of plasma in the ionosphere presence of the geomagnetic field.

This book focuses exclusively on bifacial photovoltaics, a topic for which there is a distinct lack of available, structured information and thus meets an increasing need. The book provides an overview of the history, status and future of bifacial PV technology with a focus on crystalline silicon technology, covering the areas of cells, modules, and systems. In addition, topics like energy yield simulations and bankability are addressed.

A substantially updated edition of Video Coding: An Introduction to Standard Codecs (IEE, 1999, winner of IEE Rayleigh Award), this book discusses the growth of digital television technology and the revolution in image and video compression (such as JPEG2000, broadcast TV, video phone). It highlights the need for standardisation in processing static and moving images and their exchange between computer systems. ITU and ISO/IEC standards are now widely accepted in the picture/video coding field. The book gives an authoritative explanation of picture and video coding algorithms, working from basic principles through to the advanced video compression systems now being developed. It discusses the reasons behind the introduction of a standard codec for a specific application and its chosen parameter. This book will enable readers to appreciate the fundamentals needed to design a video codec for any given application and should prove to be a valuable resource for engineers working in this field.