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This book introduces researchers and students to the physical principles which govern the operation of solid-state devices whose overall length is smaller than the electron mean free path.

Signal Integrity discusses the central theories involved in designing and testing radiofrequency and high-speed circuits. It addresses the various circuit levels of signal and propagation theory and the coexistence of high-speed wide band signals, radiofrequency signals, and supply circuits.

This book is a summary of more than a decade of research in the area of backend optimization. It contains the latest fundamental research results in this field. While existing books are often more oriented toward Masters students, this book is aimed more towards professors and researchers as it contains more advanced subjects.

Based on a structured approach to diversity, notably inspired by various forms of diversity of natural origins, Diversity and Non-integer Derivation Applied to System Dynamics provides a study framework to the introduction of the non-integer derivative as a modeling tool.

The availability of dynamic image sequences allows for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of an organ's dynamics, which is often linked to pathologies. Taking images of moving organs, such as the heart, is a real challenge because of the motion.

Complex behavior models (plasticity, cracks, visco elascticity) face some theoretical difficulties for the determination of the behavior law at the continuous scale.

Statistical Approaches to Unsaturated Capillary Flows in Pores, Joints, Soils and Other Heterogeneous Media focuses on physical models and on statistical approaches to air/water flow in systems of pores and capillary tubes, in smooth or rough planar joints, and in heterogeneous porous media based on properly upscaled equations.

Software radio ideally provides the opportunity to communicate with any radio communication standard by modifying only the software, without any modification to hardware components.

According to the NACFAM (National Council for Advanced Manufacturing USA) Sustainable Manufacturing is defined as the creation of manufactured products that use processes that are non-polluting, conserve energy and natural resources, and are economically sound and safe for employees, communities, and consumers.

A pioneer in this subject, Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System addresses techniques and purposes for modeling uncertainty in health engineering problems. The book focuses on data uncertainty, knowledge modeling, and theories surrounding the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system.

GaN and ZnO nanowires can by grown using a wide variety of methods from physical vapor deposition to wet chemistry for optical devices.

With communication networks and computer systems becoming extremely complex, the statistical resource sharing induced by the random behavior of users and the underlying protocols and algorithms may affect Quality of Service.

"Adapted and updated from Information geographique et dynamiques urbaines published 2008 in France by Hermes Science/Lavoisier."

This book is a review of the most recent progress achieved in the last 10 years on microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength properties, as well as applications, due to the development of new grades. Special attention will be given to fatigue and fracture behavior and to proposed models to account for mechanical behavior.

Offering a practical approach to modeling and analyzing communication protocols using UML 2, this book gives the basis needed to model and validate protocols. It is based on a practical approach and includes illustrative examples for the description and analysis of well known basic network mechanisms for protocols.

This book offers an up-to-date, global picture of the state of the art in rockfall engineering. It describes the three basic stages of rockfalls, including the triggering stage, the motion stage, and the interaction with a structure stage.

This title brings together a variety of papers presented at the 9th annual Meso meeting in 2007. The topics selected for Meso 2007 are designed to illustrate the relation of thresholds to multiscaling: Flow through capillary tubes in contrast to pipes Laminar and turbulent flow transition Heat convection of thin wires in contrast to cylinders Electrical conductance of macroΓÇô and nanoΓÇôcircuits Rubbery and glassy polymers SingleΓÇô and polyΓÇôcrystal behavior Strength of wires and round cylindrical bars UniΓÇôaxial and multiΓÇôaxial material: linear and nonΓÇôlinear response Thin and thick plate behavior Brittle and ductile fracture Small and large crack growth behavior Low and high temperature effects Local and global material property characteristics Small and large bodies: size and time effects Specimen and structure

This book combines the research activities of the authors, both of whom are researchers at Ecole Nationale de l Aviation Civile (French National School of Civil Aviation), and presents their findings from the last 15 years.

DisCSP (Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problem) is a general framework for solving distributed problems arising in Distributed Artificial Intelligence. A wide variety of problems in artificial intelligence are solved using the constraint satisfaction problem paradigm.

Building computers that can be used to design embedded real-time systems is the subject of this title. Real-time embedded software requires increasingly higher performances.

The classic approach in Automatic Control relies on the use of simplified models of the systems and reformulations of the specifications. In this framework, the control law can be computed using deterministic algorithms.

Written for researchers, students, and scientists, Zonotopes focuses on two significant problems in automatic control: state estimation and robust model predictive control under input and state constraints, and bounded perturbations and noise, based on a zonotopic set-membership approach.

This book is intended to introduce the principles of the Event-Driven and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA 2. 0) and its role in the new interconnected world based on the cloud computing architecture paradigm.

The principle of tomography is to explore the structure and composition of objects non-destructively along spatial and temporal dimensions, using penetrating radiation, such as X- and gamma-rays, or waves, such as electromagnetic and acoustic waves.

Parallel Computing presents scientific computing techniques applied to parallel computing for the numerical simulation of large-scale problems, which result from systems modeled by partial differential equations.

This book is dedicated to the general study of fluid structure interaction with consideration of uncertainties. The fluid-structure interaction is the study of the behavior of a solid in contact with a fluid, the response can be strongly affected by the action of the fluid.

Owing to its ability to represent efficiently signals and images at multiple levels of detail, multiresolution analysis using the wavelet transform has received considerable attention in recent years. This book provides engineers and researchers with a simple formalization and new clarity on multiresolution analysis.

With the growing maturity of information and communication technologies, systems have been interconnected within growing networks, yielding new services through a combination of the system functionalities. This leads to an increasing complexity that has to be managed in order to take advantage of these system integrations.

Extractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and developing economies around the world.

The human-computer interactions are more and more present in our everyday life, and lead to many conceptual and methodological problems for the designers and evaluators of interactive systems.