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This book provides an overview of key current developments in the synthetic strategy of functional novel nanomaterials in various spectroscopic characterizations and evaluations and highlights possible future applications in nanotechnology and materials science.

This book focuses on different methods of performing carrier modulation in graphene and the application of this doped graphene in diodes, field effect transistors, solar cells, transparent conducting electrodes, and supercapcitors.

This book presents findings from EU (and other) projects on the theme of science in society, focusing on nanotechnology and the potential for democratisation of science. It is based on hands-on studies of a set of deliberative processes analysed by the European Commission's FP7 NANOPLAT project.

This book presents cutting-edge research in biomedical engineering from materials, devices, imaging, and information perspectives. The book will be a useful resource for researchers, students, and general readers in biomedical engineering.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the fast-evolving subject of clinical application of cancer therapeutic biomarkers. The second edition captures significant progress of cancer immunotherapy and emphasizes the genetic basis for selective cancer treatment.

Although nitric oxide (NO) is an important biological signaling molecule, its free-radical electronic configuration makes it a most reactive molecule and the scariest colorless gas causing immense environmental and health hazards. Detection of NO levels in biological samples and in the atmosphere is therefore crucial. In the past few years, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing many active sensors and effective devices for detecting and quantifying atmospheric NO, NO generated in biological samples, and NO exhaled in the human breath.This book provides a concrete summary of recent state-of-the-art small-molecule probes and novel carbon nanomaterials used for chemical, photoluminescent, and electrochemical NO detection. One chapter is especially dedicated to the available devices used for detecting NO in the human breath that indirectly infers to lung inflammation. The authors with expertise in diverse dimensions have attempted to cover almost all areas of NO sensing.

This book relates to the analysis and the development of methods to for a nerve-machine interface. The goal is to provide a theoretical and experimental understanding of how one can recover neural signals from the various fascicles or selectively control the activation of these fascicles.

This book presents the applications of nanomaterials and nanostructures in photovoltaic solar cells, elaborates how they can help achieve high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and introduces readers to the important work done in this field.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has drawn considerable attention as an attractive inorganic raw material for various applications due to its inexpensiveness, nontoxic nature, stability, and excellent photocatalytic activity. Photocatalysis is one of the most promising route for sustainable chemistry of the 21st century. It can contribute to solving environmental, global energy, and chemical problems, as well as to the sustainable production of commodities in the near future. This book presents the fundamentals of photocatalysis in nanostructured TiO2 and describes the factors affecting the photocatalytic activity, design, and synthesis of various forms of nanostructured TiO2. It highlights the use of ion-doping and inert-atmosphere annealing to extend the light-absorption range of photocatalysts and reduce recombination between electrons and holes. It discusses numerous applications in the fields of energy and environment, such as water purification, gas sensing, storage and delivery, and energy generation. The book is an invaluable resource and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of catalysis, materials science, environment, and energy.

Surely the reader had come across situations where he would have given his life to get the "e;final answer"e;, the reason for our existence, a Theory of Everything, a true World Formula that contains it all... So did the author of this book. There was this deep-seated and forever unquenchable thirst for fundamental explanations on the one hand, and then there was this very special motivation from somebody else who needed this knowledge, on the other: "e;How to explain the world to my dying child?"e; Perhaps this provided the driving force to actually start this million-mile-long journey with the first small-and very tentative-step.Considering all the efforts taken, money spent, disputes fought, papers and books written, and conferences held, it is almost shocking to find that, in principle, the World Formula was already there. It was David Hilbert who wrote it down during World War I in November 1915. The complexity of the math involved was not the only thing that obscured what should have been obvious. This book explains why apparently only very few people had realized his immortal stroke of genius.

This book compiles the research on the use of functional lipid nanosystems that combine different strategies in one single nanosystem to enhance overall cancer treatment. Besides providing an overview of the current functional nanosystem strategies, it also offers researchers essential theoretical background on cancer.

This book deals with the problem of e-learning, closely connected with the use of modern information technologies in education. The focus is on developing an information management system for supporting the distance learning process in colleges and universities in the context of steadily expanding information technologies.

This book covers the many ways humans benefit from interactions with other living species. By studying animals of all kinds and sizes, from microbial organisms to elephants and whales, we can learn about their adaptations to extreme conditions on the planet Earth, about the evolutionary development of specialized capabilities, and about their ways of defending themselves against predators and diseases. The authors discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Homo sapiens, and how the study of animals can make us stronger and healthier. To deepen our knowledge of genetics, molecular and cell biology, physiology and medicine, we need to study model organisms. To cure human disease, we can learn from animals how they have evolved ways to protect themselves. To improve human performance, we can study the animal kingdom's top performers and learn from their successes. Considering these important pointers, the authors review genetic engineering techniques that can translate our existing and future animal connections into benefits for human health and performance.

This book gathers contributions from experts in different, complementary fields, having in common their interest in developing new strategies for brain delivery based on nanotechnologies. It encompasses general aspects pertaining to fundamental development, as well as a diversity of nanomedicines applied in treatment and/or diagnosis.

Heterophase polymerization is a century-old technology with a wide range of relevant industrial applications, including coatings, adhesives, rubbers, and many other specialized biomedical and high-performance materials. However, due to its multiscale complexity, it still remains a challenging research topic. It is a broad field covering all heterogeneous polymerization processes that result in polymer dispersions. Its technical realizations comprise emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization, suspension polymerization, miniemulsion polymerization, microemulsion polymerization, and others. This book is devoted to the science and technology of heterophase polymerization, considering it a generic term as well as an umbrella expression for all of its technical realizations. It presents, from a modern perspective, the basic concepts and principles required to understand the kinetics and thermodynamics of heterophase polymerization at the atomistic, molecular, macromolecular, supramolecular, colloidal, microscopic, mesoscopic, and macroscopic scales. It critically discusses the important physicochemical mechanisms involved in heterophase polymerization, such as nucleation, particle aggregation, mass transfer, swelling, spontaneous emulsification, and polymerization kinetics, along with the experimental evidences at hand.

This book is an up-to-date review of the most important plasma-based techniques for material modification, from microelectronics to biological materials and from fusion plasmas to atmospheric ones. Written by experienced, internationally recognised researchers, it provides insight into plasma technology and its associated elemental processes.

A major goal of nanotechnology is to achieve nanoscale materials and devices with atomic precision. Toward this goal, breakthroughs have recently been made in solution phase synthesis and applications of atomically precise nanoclusters. This book presents the exciting progress in this new research field.

In this book, the fundamentals of micro- and nanofabrication are described on the basis of the concept of "e;using gases as a fabrication tool."e; Unlike other books available on the subject, this volume assumes only entry-level mathematics, physics, and chemistry of undergraduates or high-school students in science and engineering courses. Necessary theories are plainly explained to help the reader learn about this new attractive field and enable further reading of specialized books. The book is an attractive guide for students, young engineers, and anyone getting involved in micro- and nanofabrication from various fields including physics, electronics, chemistry, and materials sciences.

This book converses the various aspects of materials for the fabrication of counter electrodes, especially for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which are believed to be the most promising in the third-generation solar photovoltaics (PVs).

Pullulan is a polysaccharide of economic importance and can find potential applications in food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and several other industries. This book discusses its chemistry, processing, properties, and various applications along with its production at the laboratory level.