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Secret sects are deeply rooted in the history and culture of the Middle East, and a number are as powerful today as they were in the times of the Crusades. In the West, Freemasons claim that their rituals are derived from those practiced by the ancient sects, brought to the west by the Templars, and in this classic work Bernard Springett describes and analyzes the symbolism, ceremonies and religion of these secret sects to see if, and to what extent, Masonic tradition and ritual preserve ancient wisdom. Among the sects he examines are the Sabaeans, the Gnostics and Manicheans, the followers of Simon Magus, Sufism and the Dervish Orders, the Shiite Metawileh, the Essenes, the Ismaelis, the Assassins, the Nusairis and the Druses, concluding with chapters on the Syrian influences on the order of the Knights Templar and on modern freemasonry.
This work looks at important individual factors which led to the creation of the Greek city. An informative introduction gives the reader a background on the formation of the cities which made up this state. Divided into three parts, each section looks at the city from different perspectives. Part One analyzes the city under aristocracy; Part Two, under democracy; and Part Three looks at the city and its decline.
This work offers a fascinating scientific approach to the nutritional value and uses of food. Part of the Cookery Series, this reprint is composed of three parts: Solid Foods, Liquids, and Gaseous Foods, the third part of which looks at the air as food. For the visual learner, there are tables and graphs, many of which refer to the composition of specific foods, which can be helpful to both scientific and general readers. Smith also includes fifteen recipes from a rare volume called "Cury", which contains a copy of a manuscript recipes by Richard II's master cook.
Covering the period between 180 B.C. and 80 B.C., this volume deals with the Maccabean uprising and the subsequent struggle for religious and political freedom. It also examines the coming of the Romans and the reign of Herod.
The destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. was a turning point for the people of Jehovah, marking the start of hundreds of years of oppression. This book examines the four centuries that followed the fall of Jerusalem, with a particular focus on the effect it had on the Old Testament.
This classic work presents sixteen key myths and legends of the Arthurian, Carolingian, Teutonic and Scandinavian cycles which embody the chivalric code and which inspired the greatest works of romance literature and art. The tales illuminate the mystical significance of knighthood and its ethos of self-purification and honour, decoding many allusions found in medieval art, literature and song.
This history of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem has been carefully constructed from hundreds of twelfth and thirteenth century documents, plans and photographs of the Norman buildings of Palestine and the chronicles of Foucher of Chartres, Raymond d'Agiles and Albert of Aix. The book is an excellent reference for anyone interested in the Crusades; it paints a fascinating picture of the unique social circumstances which resulted from the establishment of a feudal society in Jerusalem.
This work covers Christian literature from its earliest manifestations in the first century to the Middle Ages.
The rise and fall of the feudal system comprises one of the most important periods of human history. During this time, magnificent upheavals occurred: an organised system of oppression gave way to rational liberty, bloody wars resulted in the refinement of society, and wanton aggression produced limitations of power. No life seems more illustrative of the peculiarities of these times than that of King Richard I. In this work, the author examines the life of Richard and its relation to the feudalistic and chivalrous societies in which he lived.
This work contains a wealth of information on all aspects of sex as it pertains to culture. Among the many topics explored are primitive ideas about sex, religious and mythical interpretations of sex, the status of women, cosmology and sex, and sex in the Greek Bible.
A collection of three South Sea tales by Robert Louis Stevenson, this book will be of interest to anyone with a penchant for travel and adventure.
The emergence of the New Chinese Woman and the New China were inextricably linked in history as they are in this autobiography set in the revolutionary 1920's. The author's life was one of struggle. She fought against the tyranny of her mother in the home and an arranged marriage, against the warlords in the fields, and against the Kuomintang when they split with the Communists. Above all she fought against the Chinese traditions of valuing boys far above girls, and of consigning unmarried women to limbo. The romantic idealism of the revolution in its early days, the iniquities of the old family system it overthrew, the passionate friendships of the young girl soldiers, and the personal sacrifices involved in creating the new order are brought vividly to life in this touching and thought-provoking book. Written in the 'new realism' style of the period, this is an important work of its time and place, and a significant contribution to women's writing and history generally. The volume begins with a detailed account of the development of early revolutionary Chinese politics and literature.
Produced during the Second World War by the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence Division, this book was designed to provide comprehensive, detailed information for the use of commanding officers stationed in Palestine and Transjordan. Now declassified, the work is an invaluable source of information for the general reader. Topics such as physical geography, climate, vegetation, fauna, history, people, administration, public health, agriculture, industry, banking, finance, commerce, ports, cities and communications are covered in depth with ample illustration.
First joining the Royal Navy and then embarking toward China, the author begins a series of adventures that propel him toward his goal. Here, he reveals the story of his life-long quest to find Ophir.
First Published in 2006. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This is an engaging account of the life of Count Cagliostro, who donned such varied personas as magician, alchemist, colonel, swindler, mythical priest and founder of Egyptian masonry. Photiades details the Count's life from its humble beginnings in Palermo to his adventures in Europe and finally his demise in a remote fortress.
A traveller's tale set in the islands of Samoa with the legendary traveller Robert Louis Stevenson as a guide, this book is valuable not only for its enjoyment as a tale of adventure, but also for a record of Stevenson himself.
This study presents all aspects of flagellation - penal, religious, educational and erotic. Represented here are soldiers and sailors, thieves and prostitutes, schoolboys and schoolgirls, slaves and servants, and the various forms of flagellation used on these groups throughout the ages.
This central and important book reliably presents to us, in one volume, three of the most interesting contemporary accounts of the Crusades. The first is by Richard of Devizes and tells not only of events taking place in the Holy Land but also connects these with what was happening in England at the time. The second account is a work by Geoffrey de Vinsauf on the Third Crusade. This is a reliable account written by an eye witness to those ferocious assaults which Saladin made on the Christians and of the firmness with which Richard the Lionheart repulsed them. The third work is a memoir of Saint Louis, the Crusading King of France, written by Lord John de Joinville. All three accounts are a must not only for their content but for their contract as well.
It is the purpose of the author of this work to consider the principles of chivalry and to describe the chivalric feeling which has emanated from the Middle Ages and to trace its operations on the mind and actions of mankind. The manners and ideas explained here may appear odd to us now, but they were very real to the medieval people of the time they represent.
This carefully compiled work marked an important contribution to the history of medieval travel. It will appeal to the scholar and to the general reader. It covers such areas as the conception of the world in the Middle Ages, Christian pilgrimages, the Vikings, Arab travellers, traveller's tales of the East and Prester John.
This tale of Breton peasant life, with its simple joys and sorrows, is beautifully told. There are grim and sordid scenes at Brest showing the temptations that lie in wait for the sailor as he comes ashore, and the sufferings of the wives living in the seaport, and of course there are characteristic description of the Breton country-side. Parallel with these there are descriptions of life in a warship during its cruise about the world.
A close collaboration between an eminent sociologist and an eminent historian, this seminal work shows that sociology is and should be the ally of the historian and vice versa. Taking Egypt and the Ancient East as the subject matter, this analysis of early society seeks to show the beginnings of social order and its first steps onto the ladder that leads to classical civilization of the ancient and modern world. The book covers in a systematic way, both theoretically and historically, totemic organization, individualized and communistic power, the progress from clans to kingdoms, especially in ancient Egypt and the Semitic world, the empires of Iran, and the Barbarian invasions. A stimulating and authoritive study in history and sociology.
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