Bøker utgitt av LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Take the opportunity to learn from your mistakes: find the cause of your problem and eliminate it. Don't try to be perfect; just be an excellent example of being human. -Tony Robbins.This book is all about endodontic mishaps, its prevention and its management. the book is helpful for beginners as well as experienced endodontics or dental clinician. Its is very important to learn from your own mistakes.

Our project illustrates the importance of automation in the present world using the concept of face recognition. As we all know, a person's face plays a significant role in establishing their identity. This project consists of OpenCV algorithm modules running in Python. This effort also gives people hope for greater improvisation and fresh thinking in light of impending advancements in hardware and technology. The model has a 99.38% accuracy rate and offers a straightforward command line utility for face recognition. This tool is superior to generic algorithms because it just requires one image to work with and does not require grayscale conversion. Thousands of samples are required for the Haar cascade, LBPH, and Eigenface algorithms to determine the distance between points and pixels in an image. The Raspberry Pi's built-in email functionality is used to utilize IOT. We're helped in this via SMT Protocol. There may be plans for the project to boost model accuracy and speed in the future.

This book provides recent aspects of programming fundamentals with deep details in easy-to-understand C programming language. It covers many program codes with descriptions to understand the programming concept easily. The detail program flow works are described to understand the working of the program step by step. This book is intended for undergraduate students in computer science and it is written for students learning programming from scratch.

Industry 4.0 (Fourth Industrial Revolution) summarizes future industrial development trends to enable smarter manufacturing processes. This project aims to present an intelligent framework for a factory that combines industrial networks, clouds, and different control terminals with multiple workpieces such as conveyors, products , and machines. We used the ESP32 controller for this task, which controls the entire production environment because it has a cloud connection function. This is an IoT compatible open source PLC device for industrial automation, control, and monitoring applications. This allows individual parts of the production line to communicate with each other, making it easier to control and monitor the entire manufacturing process in real-time. Fully automated systems not only save time but also improve efficiency. In unprecedented situations such as pandemics, the system helps minimize human contact. If the process is inadequate or inadequate, you can use the manual reset switch to repeat the process without advancing the parts on the production line. You can also use the Blynk app to record everything that happens to your computer system through the cloud.

In The Use of Chatbots in Learning English Language, I have tried to present a comprehensive survey that chatbots are language learning tools. It enables learners to become more active. They feel more confident using chatbots. Chatbots are engaging, and students can use them independently because they reduce students' fear, stress, and anxiety. The other qualities due to which chatbots could be learning choices for ESL learners are: chatbots are joyful learning and valuables platforms for correcting grammar mistakes and improve pronunciation and vocabulary.

With Development AI, many people are just being overwhelmed and go by the trust that everything is fine with the trend of ¿sophistication¿. Experts know that this is not already the case unless specific implementations is oriented accordingly. The field which studies the matter is ¿Ethics¿, whereby several factors for societal benefits are considered. Each technology can be a contributing piece of power. Correspondingly, the need for preventing such powers from corruptions must be devised and implemented, along with technical progresses. Despite all these features, fears and worries due to AI biases prevail. There is need for distinct studies about ethics in AI to well understand the roots of such fears and worries. The subsequent objective is to formulate appropriate ethics guidelines and implementation pathways to be imbibed in development procedures. One means is to dig down the criticisms of AI to serious levels or previously unidentified levels, even if some may consider it disturbing or pessimistic, and formulate appropriate studies around them. Ethical objective of producing clean/workable/acceptable enhancements in AI, especially as concerns human factors can be worked out.

The introduction of arsenic, which is represented by the symbol ¿As¿ in the periodic table, is one of the heavy metals that can be found in soil, water and food. This substance is one of the xenobiotics and if it is ingested, it will have adverse health consequences. Arsenic is classified as a carcinogen. Rice, which is one of the most consumed food products in the world, has a special tendency to accumulate arsenic in itself, so the continuous consumption of rice, especially rice that has more than the permissible limit of arsenic, can cause various health problems for consumers, including cancers. Nowadays, the contamination of rice with heavy metals, especially arsenic, is a trending topic of food safety in the world. It is said that rice is the second most consumed food in the world after wheat, especially in Asian countries. Thus, evaluating the amount of arsenic in imported and local rice in order to confirm or reject their immunity is of vital value for the consumers of this product. The purpose of this research is to determine the amount of arsenic in imported and local rice and compare it with the permissible limit according to international standards.

Development is not a unidirectional activity. It is generally agreed that development relates to changes and improvements, particularly of a socio-economic nature, for all, rather than a handful of people in all or a few countries of the world. In fact, the happiness and progress of the whole world community are the aim for which scientists and technologists work ceaselessly. But is it not a shocking disclosure to the ardent supporters of modern technology that the majority of scientific and industrial development is prodigiously enjoyed by just a meagre percentage of the urban population while the long-cherished desire of even basic amenities still remains a dream to the large population, living especially in rural areas of the third world? Economic growth is necessary but by no means sufficient for social progress, and supplementary measures are needed if the problems of poverty, diseases, hunger, and unemployment are to be effectively dealt with. Obviously, there are sufficient reasons to call for changes in the basic philosophy and workings of the technology to properly fulfil the requirements of the common masses as well, and that is the development of Human Technology.

Arabic narrative discourse between the groups of students who were given the TAI cooperative learning model was higher than the groups of students who were given the STAD cooperative learning model.There is a significant interaction effect between formative assessment technique and cooperative learning model on the ability to write Arabic narrative discourse. Especially in the group of students who were given the TAI cooperative learning model, the ability to write Arabic narrative discourse of the group of students who were given the portfolio formative assessment was higher than the group of students who were given the essay test formative assessment after controlling for initial ability.Particularly in the group of students given the portfolio formative assessment, the ability to write Arabic narrative discourse of the group of students given the TAI cooperative learning model is higher than that of the group of students given the essay test formative assessment, after controlling for initial ability.Especially for students who were given the essay test formative assessment, the ability to write Arabic narrative discourse of students who were given the TAI cooperative learning.

School evaluation is among the significant agenda topics of many countries in the globalizing world. Despite the efforts and progress, this issue has not yet been resolved in Turkey. School evaluation is expressed as the systematic analysis of the performance of a school in terms of macro and micro variables, according to criteria within an evaluation framework determined by national and/or international education stakeholders. The main purpose of this study is to examine the school evaluation models in the context of primary education in three different countries in a comparative way, focusing on their commonalities and differences. This study was designed with a case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. The research was conducted with a multiple case study design. As a result of the research, the common and different aspects of the three countries' primary school evaluations were compared.

Glaucoma is one of the diseases that deal with the loss of vision without warning or symptoms. Some of the alarming facts about Glaucoma are the leading cause of blindness, no cure for Glaucoma yet, everyone is at risk and There may be no symptoms. When Glaucoma is understood and managed, humans can continue to live their life fully. Considering all these issues the projected work in this book has been addressed with closed-angle glaucoma, for immediate medical attention, with feature detection of the human eye using medical image processing techniques.

The cup to disk ratio (CDR) is the key indicator of this disease for detecting Glaucoma. It is observed that the CDR for healthy subjects lies in 0.233-0.306 range and for Glaucoma patients it lies in the range of 0.355-0.503. These values are in accord with the gold standards. Similarly for DR, in the first stage, gray-scale image is extracted from the colored image using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in the preprocessing step. The contrast enhancement by the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) highlights the retinal blood vessels in the gray-scale image. These operations help in extracting retinal blood vessels in the disc and non- disc region of the image. The results are compared with state of art methods such as watershed transform.

Maxillary sinus augmentation techniques are critical for successful dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla. The key to achieving long-term stability of the implant-supported restoration is to select the appropriate technique based on the patient's clinical situation and the clinician's skill level. Maxillary sinus augmentation procedures are indicated for patients with limited vertical bone height, severe bone resorption, and compromised sinus membranes. Preoperative evaluation and planning are essential in selecting appropriate techniques and achieving successful outcomes. CBCT imaging plays a crucial role in assessing bone density, volume, and implant position. Various techniques, including lateral window, crestal, and balloon sinus augmentation, are available to clinicians, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The selection of appropriate bone grafting materials, including autogenous, allograft, and xenograft, is also a critical consideration. Managing complications during and after the procedure is essential for achieving successful outcomes, and postoperative care and follow-up are critical for ensuring long-term stability of the implant-supported.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged in recent years as a non ¿ invasive therapeutic modality for the treatment of various infections by bacteria, fungi and viruses. This therapy is defined as ¿an oxygen¿dependent photochemical reaction that occurs upon light ¿ mediated activation of a photosensitizing compound leading to the generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, predominantly singlet oxygen¿. Thus antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can be usedto eliminate periodontal pathogens selectively and thus periodontal disease can be treated successfully.

It is the age of overspecialization. Many economists, accustomed to statistical and mathematical speculations, have progressively lost the focus on the basic tenets of politics and ethics; in the same sense, it is common to encounter political philosophers and political scientists who are not acquainted with the reasoning of the economic type. The aim of Applied Praxeology is to make a valuable contribution to reconcile philosophy and economics. Mises' praxeology, the science claiming how economics is nothing but the "attempt to substitute a more satisfactory state of affairs for a less satisfactory one," represents a perfect epistemological terrain on which to celebrate the definitive union between philosophy and economics. How to define the epistemological nature of Applied Praxeology? The present book is neither an economic text nor a speculation of political philosophy. Applied Praxeology is nothing but tertium quid, a text in which economics and political philosophy give birth to an original and independent branch of knowledge. The reader will be in a position to discover how the reasoning of the economic type can endow us with the key with which to disclose the truth.

Orthodontic tooth movement is a complex process that needs to be done with a detail knowledge of various factors affecting it in order to achieve optimal and needful movement of teeth while treating different kinds of mal-occlusion. OTM can occur rapidly or slowly, depending on the physical characteristics of the applied force, and the size and biological response of the PDL(Periodontal ligament). The orthodontic forces can be heavy or light, which causes rapid or slow tooth movement. Therefore, optimal orthodontic force plays an important role for maximum tooth movement to occur with minimal tissue damage and discomfort to patient.

This Book incorporates the different classes working lifestyle for the successful vision of 2050. Corporates, cooperative sector group can easily apply and provide hands on experience with the guidance of this book. Crowding out effect of these type of thought process is work for making individual assets.The woman-child plays a key role in the development of rural economy. Government representatives, Group Development Officers vision can change the rural economy from different aspects. Mechanization in agriculture, literacy rate, standard of living, facility of drinking water, cattle care substitute for agribusiness, life style of hilly area progress enlarge the economy.

Specifika dizajna i logistiki formirowaniq, tehnologicheskogo razwitiq, proizwodstwa i stroitel'stwa umnyh ob#ektow ili komplexow inwesticij i ih innowacionnyh programmnyh komponentow infrastruktury, obespechiwaüschih ego maximal'nuü tehnologicheskuü, äkonomicheskuü i kommercheskuü äffektiwnost' i w konechnom schöte äkologicheskuü chistotu processow formirowaniq, stroitel'stwa i äxpluatacii. Znachenie i specifika primeneniq principow wsestoronnego älektronnogo cifrowogo prognozirowaniq, komp'üternogo modelirowaniq, proektirowaniq, stroitel'stwa i äxpluatacii ob#ektow inwestirowaniq i komplexa infrastruktury umnogo ob#ekta inwesticij i nedwizhimosti w formirowanii komplexnoj sistemy organizacii razrabotki, proektirowaniq, proizwodstwa i realizacii, w tom chisle wklüchaq primery kompozitnyh materialow, lazernoj tehniki, wklüchaq primery tehnologicheskih komplexow dlq proizwodstwa produktow pitaniq, dlq realizacii medicinskih tehnologij, dlq regeneracii i recirkulqcii stochnyh wod, polnost'ü sootwetstwuüschih trebowaniqm i polozheniqm dejstwuüschih obschih i otraslewyh standartow.

The main contribution of this book is to fill a knowledge gap. The envisioned improvements in IDF Curves would assist local decision makers and engineers to thoroughly review and/or update the current design standards for urban storm water management infrastructures in order to reduce the potential ramifications of increasing severe storms and resulting floods on existing and planned storm drainage and flood management systems. The outcomes from the research will directly benefit administrative of the study cities for constructing and maintaining storm drainage from private and public properties. The expected long term outcome of this research is to improve understanding of the risk posed by dynamic climate on storm drainage with the overall goal of enhancing the study cities climate change readiness through design and implementation of comprehensive and forward looking storm drainage system that can accommodate the increased rainfall.

In this book we tried to evaluate effect of traditional chemotherapy on cell line of Multiple myeloma(MM), and compare it with effect of combination (chemotherapeutic plus paroxetine) in cell line of MM. The addition of paroxetine to the standard chemotherapy that is supplied to the Multiple myeloma patients may have a promising effect in enhancing the therapeutic strength of standard chemotherapy. The use of standard chemotherapy alone has null effect in treatment of the disease even though it halted the disease progression, according to the biochemical parameters measured.

In dentistry, innovation occurs when there is a willingness to investigate and improve both diagnosis and treatment. The concept of Guided endodontics was introduced with the improvements in tomographic imaging and 3D printing technologies. Guided Endodontics applications encompass not only endodontic cavity access and canal location with PO but can also be applied in cases of osteotomy and apicoectomy as well as retrograde fillings, the removal of fiberglass posts, and treating teeth with morphological asymmetries. It is mainly of two types Static and Dynamic. The advantages of SGE are as follows: it is independent of the operator¿s experience, requires less treatment time for the patient, and is more accurate and safer than conventional endodontics. The benefits of DGE are as follows: it is more ergonomic (in terms of having to look at the monitor during treatment), it allows for the real-time adjustment and repositioning of the working instruments, it is more accurate as it does not accumulate design errors, and it is useful in cases of multi-rooted teeth.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic neuro-developmental disorder that affects the way a person relates to the environment and the people around. The person¿s capacity to build relationships with others is impaired and so is his/her ability to comprehend others¿ feelings, too. People with ASD manifest the classical triad of impairments (Wing, 1988) in socialization, communication, and imagination, which includes cognitive and behavioral inflexibility, and hence, affects the way they process information and view the world (Jordan, 1997). The main focus of this monograph is imagination (or imagining), especially how the condition of ASD impairs it, or how the impairment in imagination (or imagining) of a person with ASD affects his/her creativity and cognitive functionality. To understand imagination, the two key axes ¿ (i) the spectrum of imagination and (ii) the types of imagination ¿ will be explored and examined within the contexts of cognitive psychology and neuroscience.

This book introduces the design of steel and timber framed structures in accordance with the design codes. It enable the learners to understand the process for the design of steel and timber structures and the background knowledge which leads to the development of the current steel and timber design codes. Students will understand the behavior of steel and timber structural components under realistic design conditions and relate the knowledge of design to practical design problems in a project-based learning environment.

In this special edited book, ¿Advances in Biodiversity¿ we bring together a leading conservation methods related to life sciences and environment sciences written by the authors from the different parts of the India to identify grand challenges for biodiversity conservation, conflicts and trade-offs between conservation and utilization, and strategies and policies for sustainable utilization and management of biodiversity resources at global, regional or national level. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the links between the implementation of global biodiversity policies and production and consumption patterns, and the nexus between biodiversity loss and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This book deals with the advances in tools and techniques used in the present world for conservation as well as updated techniques. Every chapter has their own value and have specialize and vast topic, categories by the editor to cover all the aspect for the conservational needs. We are trying to provide a one stop solution to students/ researchers for all advancements happening in the field of biodiversity conservation ranging from high resolution NDVI to E-DNA.

Children represent the future and ensuring their physical, social, emotional, language and cognitive development should be the priority. A child¿s oral health can highly affect their overall health because the mouth is the gateway to a person¿s overall health. The attitude towards dental care begins taking shape in early childhood, and a pediatric dentist can help ensure those attitudes are pleasant ones. Also, the discolored, damaged or missing teeth may hurt children¿s self-esteem and social development making them afraid to smile or subjecting them to teasing. Oral health is related to health-related quality of life and a pediatric dentist plays an important role in overall development of a child.

Ismail Kadare, Lasgush Poradeci, Din Mehmeti, and other authors of contemporary Albanian Literature are all covered in depth in the book "Studies on Albanian Literature and the Studies on Albanian Literature and the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini". The book also centers on Lekë Dukagjini's Kanun, one of the greatest works of the Albanian culture.The author has structured the book in two parts:- the first part is entitled "Albanian literary studies" and represents a comprehensive study of five Albanian authors: Ismail Kadare, Hivzi Sulejmani, Din Mehmeti, Murat Isaku and Adnan Mehmeti.- the second part is entitled "Studies on the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini" and comprises an analysis of one of the monumental works of the Albanian Ethnocultural and Customary Law.

In this book, a deep learning technique called Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is deployed for determining the level of DR with accuracy. Hence, for training, this network, fundus image dataset from a public resource called Kaggle is utilized. But, before feeding the dataset into a deep learning model, the images are pre-processed using the libraries present in python, so that the model can accurately classify the test input image into the respective diabetic retinopathy class. Thus, the proposed deep learning model helps in identifying DR automatically at its earlier stage, thus helping in controlling its progression that leads to vision-related problems.