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Reading Decadence is an intersensorial experience. It is to indulge in voluptuous pleasures and excruciating pains, to sample exotic tastes and sounds, and to envisage states of mind in highly sensual terms. Obsessed with extreme sensory experiences, Decadent writers identified ways of shocking the middle classes and rejecting moralism by turning the conventional notion of 'good taste' on its head. This collection of essays explores the Decadent sensorium in the work of established and less well-known Decadent writers and artists, including Rachilde, Theodore Wratislaw, Arthur Symons, Mark André Raffalovich, J.-K. Huysmans, Theodore Watts-Dunton, Michael Field, Ernest Dowson, and Stéphane Mallarmé. Tracing sensual motifs and figures in the work of late nineteenth-century Decadent writers and artists, leading and emerging scholars in the field offer new and provocative insights into the Decadent imagination.Jane Desmarais is Senior Lecturer in English at Goldsmiths, University of London. Alice Condé is a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of English and Comparative Literature at Goldsmiths, University of London.

Throughout the centuries, the Italian peninsula has played an important role as a crossroads where different cultures met, transformed and continued their journeys. This volume retraces some of these crossings, in the fields of literature, architecture and cinema: from the influence of the classical heritage, to the origins and diffusion of the Italian Renaissance, to the role of individuals in the discovery and transmission of knowledge, and the dialogue in and through translation with other national cultures, European and beyond.The volume marks the retirement of Martin McLaughlin from the Agnelli-Serena Chair of Italian Studies at the University of Oxford and celebrates his highly distinguished career in Italian studies. Professor McLaughlin's research has ranged from classical literatures to the Renai­ssance and to modern and contemporary literature. He has published a host of ground-breaking books, edited volumes, articles and book chapters on a wide range of topics, as well as outstanding translations of Calvino and Eco. No less significant have been his teaching, his roles in the running of academic journals and monograph series, and his contributions to the life of the academic community.

The Italian critic Francesco De Sanctis (1817-1883) identified Italianness with backwardness in order to oppose it to European modernity and promote a process of Europeanization of Italy. Two targets stood out in his attack on Italian backwardness: Chivalry and the Academies. A century and a half later we are able to acknowledge the continuity rather than the break between Italian early modernity and European modernity, revisiting a biased paradigm that no longer works and reassessing the historical importance of Chivalry and the Academies as cultural mediators. Divided into three sections devoted to chivalric poems, academic debates and Anglo-Italian relations, and dedicated to the work of Jane E. Everson, who has highly contributed to the re-evaluation of Italian early modernity, this volume gathers together some of the major experts of early modern Italy and highlights the relevance of Italian early modernity in framing and shaping European culture well into our contemporary world.Jane E. Everson is Professor Emerita of Italian at Royal Holloway University of London. Stefano Jossa is Reader in Italian, and Giuliana Pieri Professor of Italian and the Visual Arts, at Royal Holloway University of London

The philosopher María Zambrano (1904-1991) is one of the foremost Spanish intellectuals of the twentieth century. A disciple of Ortega y Gasset, she taught at the University of Madrid in the 1930s and joined the Republican diaspora in exile, living in México, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Paris, Rome and Geneva till her return to Spain in 1984. A heterodox philosopher who conceived her role as that of an agent for ethical change, she sought to reconcile philosophy and poetry, and wrote not only essays on philosophy, but also plays, poetry, literary and art reviews, and a memoir. After the relative obscurity of her life in exile, her genius began to be recognized in the decade before her death, but she remains little known outside the Spanish-speaking world. These essays explore her legacy, offering new critical insights which draw on literature, aesthetics, gender studies, psychoanalysis, political theory and the visual arts.The editors teach modern Spanish literature at the University of Oxford, where Xon de Ros is a Tutorial Fellow at Lady Margaret Hall and Somerville College, and Daniela Omlor is a Tutorial Fellow at Lincoln College and a Lecturer at Jesus College.

Parental profligacy and the dishonesty of his guardian meant that when Edmund Spencer came of age in 1732 he inherited only a fragment of the estates that his great-great-grandfather, the Elizabethan poet Edmund Spenser, had amassed in Ireland. To keep himself and his family in a manner appropriate to their status Spencer had to find an income. His plan to publish the collected works of his ancestor foundered on the unrest caused by the 1745 Jacobite rebellion; posts in the army and the revenue proved just as elusive.In this collection of 120 letters, written to relatives in Wales, we follow his sometimes desperate hunt for preferment in Dublin and elsewhere, making full use of an extended network of patronage which includes, rather surprisingly, a number of Jacobite sympathisers. Along the way he paints a vivid picture of everyday life in eighteenth century rural Ireland, deploring bad harvests, making fun of extravagant spending at elections, dispensing alarming medical advice as well as passing on news about deaths and marriages, and gossip about elopements.This annotated edition of Spencer's letters will be of interest to both scholars and general readers eager to learn more about life in Georgian Ireland.Duncan Fraser is a visiting research fellow and Andrew Hadfield Professor of English, both at the University of Sussex.

The relationship between the made and the found is one of the most fertile tensions in modern French literature. This collection of critical and creative writing explores how the interplay between the given and the imagined, the real and the virtual, the world as we find it and the world as we make it, functions as a generative matrix for literary experimentation. Each contributor considers the question of attention and explores how attending to something -- a text, a place, a moment, a detail -- has the capacity to transform both perceiver and perceived.Drawing together analyses of diverse literary practices - the everyday, new autobiographical forms, contemporary poetics, textual and visual experiments, anthropology, urbanism, flânerie and archival work -- this volume invites us to make new connections between many well-established themes. Critical thinking by renowned scholars appears alongside poetry and prose by leading writers from France and Britain, forging new relationships between scholarly and creative practices and challenging us to cross the border between the two.This volume is in memory of Professor Michael Sheringham, whose ground-breaking works on autobiography, the everyday, and the archive redefined the field of French Studies. A remarkably perceptive cultural and literary critic, he published and spoke all over the world, and was particularly renowned for his friendships and collaborations with a wide range of critics and writers.

The Rhetoric of Exile explores the rhetorical construction of force in indirect exile and in literary responses to it. Between banishment, a compulsory exile, and expatriation, a voluntary one, many legal systems have allowed for a third model. Such an exile is pragmatic and ambiguous in nature: the degree of compulsion is never explicitly defined, but all agents involved understand that it is real. As far back as the Roman Republic, there have been exiles who felt considerable duress but could not pin it down to any specific legal document or judicial decision, and these victims of silent persecution are all the more likely to brood on the elusive force over them, and to recreate it by imaginative means. What is displaced and hidden in law - force as metonymy -- returns as a potent and condensed image in literature -- force as metaphor.Vladimir Zori¿ is Assistant Professor in Russian and Slavonic Studies at the University of Nottingham.

In this highly original study, Ewa Szypula reappraises the intriguing correspondence between the French novelist and his literary lover, the Polish countess Evelina Hanska. Whereas critics have used this correspondence primarily as source material for biographical and critical studies, this volume approaches the letters as a literary text in their own right. Vacillating between reality and fiction, Balzac essentially created his ideal correspondent through his letter-writing, attributing to Madame Hanska various qualities which she did not necessarily possess.In a series of close readings, Szypula explores the origins of this correspondence, analyzing its echoes and re-workings of Balzac's earlier relationships; shows how the letters help Balzac hone his literary skills and offer the chance to reinvent himself through playing different roles; and proposes the letters to Evelina as a prism through which to contextualise Balzac's subsequent storytelling.Balzac's Love Letters brings together correspondence and fiction to reveal crucial new insights into his literary imagination, whilst documenting an idealized romance which might be seen as his last great novel.

This volume borrows its title from the first international Yiddish bestseller, Sholem Asch's epic trilogy Three Cities. Whereas Asch portrayed Jewish life in St Petersburg, Warsaw and Moscow at the crucial historical moment of the collapse of the Russian Empire, this volume examines the variety of Yiddish publishing, educational, literary, academic, and theatrical activities in the former imperial metropolises from the late nineteenth through to the late twentieth century, and explores the representations of those cities in Yiddish literature.Gennady Estraikh is Associate Professor of Yiddish Studies, New York University. Mikhail Krutikov is Professor of Slavic and Judaic Studies at the University of Michigan.

The award-winning writer Pascal Quignard (1948-) has published many texts and has collaborated with painters, musicians and filmmakers. Yet despite the popularity and critical recognition of his work, Quignard remains a discreet and fleeting presence in the current cultural landscape, sharing with other contemporary French writers the belief that literature is a form of self-effacement.In this first critical study in English, Léa Vuong offers a comprehensive survey of Quignard's still growing oeuvre by examining his specific attempts to produce disappearance through -- and for -- writing. His texts and collaborations appear as vanishing acts where the writer, like the figure on the Tomb of the Diver found in Paestum, remains suspended between presence and absence.

Radical bodily transformation can be shocking, terrifying and wonderful. But what makes it such compelling literary subject matter, and what place does it have in modern Germany? Tara Beaney analyses metamorphosis in literary texts from the Romantic period onwards, focusing on the affects involved. This emphasis allows for a unique insight into ways of experiencing bodily change, into threatened identities, and into changing affective styles across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Ranging from canonical texts by E.T.A. Hoffmann and Franz Kafka to the work of post-war and post-Wende writers Marie Luise Kaschnitz and Jenny Erpenbeck, as well as the cross-cultural writer Yoko Tawada, this study shows how narratives of metamorphosis help us negotiate the social and political changes, and the experience of shifting boundaries and identities, that are so pertinent to modern Germany.Tara Beaney is Lecturer in German at the University of Aberdeen.

The French art novel, with its tales of artists, models and creative struggles, is often thought to be a specifically nineteenth-century phenomenon, which dies out by 1900. This wide-ranging, interdisciplinary study argues that the art novel does not in fact disappear but rather undergoes a series of transformations in the early twentieth century, in step with radical changes in the visual arts of the period. Examining both well-known and all-but-forgotten novels, Shingler examines the ways in which they move on from their nineteenth-century predecessors, as the development of avant-garde movements makes questions of aesthetic value and authenticity ever more pressing; as changing gender roles increasingly put pressure on writers to acknowledge female creativity; and as the emergent art of the cinema comes to compete with painting as the primary visual reference point for writers.Katherine Shingler is Assistant Professor in French and Francophone Studies at the University of Nottingham.

In her ever-evolving career, the legendary filmmaker Agnès Varda has gone from being a photographer at the Avignon festival in the late 1940s, through being a director celebrated at the Cannes festival (Cléo de 5 à 7, 1962), to her more ironic self-proclaimed status as a 'jeune artiste plasticienne'. She has recently staged mixed-media projects and exhibitions all over the world from Paris (2006) to Los Angeles (2013-14) and the latest 'tour de France' with JR (2015-16). Agnès Varda Unlimited: Image, Music, Media reconsiders the legacy and potential of Varda's radical tour de force cinématique, as seen in the 22-DVD 'definitive' Tout(e) Varda, and her enduring artistic presence. These essays discuss not just when, but also how and why, Varda's renewed artistic forms have ignited with such creative force, and have been so inspiring an influence. The volume concludes with two remarkable interviews: one with Varda herself, and another rare contribution from the leading actress of Cléo de 5 à 7, Corinne Marchand.Marie-Claire Barnet is Senior Lecturer in French at Durham University.

This book examines both classic and less-known works of Dutch literature from the Middle Ages to the twenty-first century. Its starting-point is that both authors and readers are born into a network of ideologies. But how do these ideologies work, and how do they serve to legitimize various forms of subjugation? Judit Gera surveys literary representations of the Dutch colonial experience and of women's lives in male-dominated societies, showing how colonial and gender-based forms of subjugation are interrelated and often intersect.Judit Gera is Professor of Dutch Literature at the Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary.

John Ruskin's training as an interdisciplinary polymath started in childhood. He learned to memorise the Bible at his mother's knee and published his first poem aged ten. His lifelong fascination with geology found its earliest expression in journal articles from the age of fifteen, while his considerable talents as a draughtsman were developed by leading drawing masters before he was sixteen. Rather than being a prodigy in one particular field, it was his precocious mix of religion, science and art that laid the foundations for the fulfilment of his career as a critic of art, architecture and society. The cultural tours that he made with his family as he grew up provided the crucial focus for these developing interests, and the second extended tour of the Continent in 1835 at the age of sixteen in particular established the paradigm for his orchestrated representation and analysis of cultural experience along 'the old road', through France to Chamonix, and through the Swiss Alps to northern Italy as far as Venice.His diary of the journey and associated writings, together with numerous drawings he made in relation to it, are annotated and fully catalogued for the first time in this edition that includes maps and an introductory essay.

What do we know of the city of Rome, beyond the repertoire of images of universally recognisable monuments? In this new volume, architects, planners, historians, literary and film theorists come together to discuss the city beyond the walls: the city where the majority of Romans live, and the extended city of the Romans themselves. Beyond its heritage status, Rome today is a metropolis facing the same challenges as any major city, yet continuingly shaped by both its imaginary and its real landscape. Particular time periods and lesser-known cultural artefacts are discussed as factors that have made Rome the city it is now, both for those who visit in such large numbers and for those who live there.Lesley Caldwell is Honorary Professor in the Psycho­analysis Unit, and Honorary Senior Research Associate in the Department of Italian, at University College London. Fabio Camilletti is Reader in Italian at the University of Warwick.

This three-volume set brings together current research in the history of language learning and teaching (HoLLT) in Europe and beyond. Providing the first overview of research in the field, it will be an indispensable reference for teachers, teacher educators and all those interested in the history of language learning and teaching and the history of applied linguistics avant la lettre.The chapters in Volume II present case studies from the period when modern languages became established in school curricula across Europe and when modern language teaching became professionalized. The chapters consider 19th-century innovations in Europe including the Reform Movement and its precursors, as well as developments in policy and practice in the 20th century.Nicola McLelland is Professor of German and History of Linguistics at the University of Nottingham. She has published widely in the history of German linguistics and the history of language learning, and is co-editor of the journal Language & History.Richard Smith is a Reader in English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics at the University of Warwick. Founder of the Warwick ELT Archive and the AILA Research Network on History of Language Learning and Teaching, he has been active in the fields of historical research and teacher-research in language education.

This three-volume set brings together current research in the history of language learning and teaching (HoLLT) in Europe and beyond. Providing the first overview of research in the field, it will be an indispensable reference for teachers, teacher educators and all those interested in the history of language learning and teaching and the history of applied linguistics avant la lettre.Part I of Volume III (The Place of Culture in Language Teaching) examines the history of how 'foreign cultures' have been presented to learners in language classrooms and language materials. Part II (Beyond Europe) presents studies of the history of language learning and teaching beyond Europe, including the Middle East, China, Japan, India and New Zealand.Nicola McLelland is Professor of German and History of Linguistics at the University of Nottingham. She has published widely in the history of German linguistics and the history of language learning, and is co-editor of the journal Language & History.Richard Smith is a Reader in English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics at the University of Warwick. Founder of the Warwick ELT Archive and the AILA Research Network on History of Language Learning and Teaching, he has been active in the fields of historical research and teacher-research in language education.

This three-volume set brings together current research in the history of language learning and teaching (HoLLT) in Europe and beyond. Providing the first overview of research in the field, it will be an indispensable reference for teachers, teacher educators and all those interested in the history of language learning and teaching and the history of applied linguistics avant la lettre.Volume I presents the history of how languages were learnt and taught across Europe, from Russia and Scandinavia to the Iberian peninsula, up to about 1800. Case studies deal with the teaching and learning of French, Italian, German and Portuguese, as well as Latin, still the first 'foreign language' for many learners in this period.Nicola McLelland is Professor of German and History of Linguistics at the University of Nottingham. She has published widely in the history of German linguistics and the history of language learning, and is co-editor of the journal Language & History.Richard Smith is a Reader in English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics at the University of Warwick. Founder of the Warwick ELT Archive and the AILA Research Network on History of Language Learning and Teaching, he has been active in the fields of historical research and teacher-research in language education.