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Newer technologies for increasing agricultural production are now becoming available at a much faster rate. But the mechanism for transferring them to the uneducated and small producers in an effective manner does not exist. There is an urgent need for a communication network at the service of the poor farmers in our country like the global communication net work which makes the latest findings available without delay to research workers in any particular field. It is not only knowledge that is needed, but an approach which will be able to supply the right knowledge and tools to the right people, at the right time and above all at the right place. In developing countries, the other alternative viz., traditional methods have special advantages over modern agricultural techniques because: ¿  The capital and technological skill requirements in the use of traditional technologies are generally low. ¿  Their adoption often requires little restructure of the traditional societies. ¿  These traditional technologies are not other than the indigenous knowledge. ¿  By adopting such indigenous knowledge, our ancestors did not face any problem of large scale pest out break or economic crisis unlike the today's farmeThis book covers wide areas of traditional practices viz., traditional varieties, crop protection, crop management, storage structure, medicinal plants, farm tools, ethno veterinary practices, fisheries, post harvest techniques and other miscellaneous practices. The practices are rationalized and the rational practices will serve the scientists with new technology for test verification and to select the viable technology for field level recommendation. This book will serve as highly useful reference material to the community of scholars and scientific workers both in the laboratories and applied fields. This will set the phase for the future generation in this area.

"This is a sincere effort to record the major ornamental plants raised in gardens and landscapes of today. The main classes of plants are described in the introductory . The subsequent s list the plants in the order of their habitat. The information includes scientific name, common name and the family to which the plants belong, a brief description and ornamental features. A comprehensive account of trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers, creepers and taxonomic groups that share characteristics such as bulbous plants, cacti, succulents, bromeliads, ferns and their allies, grasses, bamboos, sedges as well as ornamental water garden plants are given. Flowering and foliage trees of gardens of the tropics and subtropics and the popular deciduous trees and coniferous trees of the temperate zone are dealt separately. Among shrubs, dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous flowering and foliage shrubs as well as temperate region species suited for the hilly regions of India are included. Importance has been given to annual and perennial herbs grown in tropical and temperate regions. Climbers and creepers popularly grown in tropical gardens are listed. Among specialized plant groups, they are more commonly grown plants and those with outstanding ornamental features are selected. A brief account of planting and tips on their care and management are given. The book includes around 250 colour photographs and an index of the scientific names and families. The author has prepared this volume for the enlightened and keen enthusia to serve as guide for identifying garden plants and for selecting ornamentals to suit different locations under varied climatic conditions."

"Biotechnology: laboratory manual provides basic protocols required for students of undergraduate and postgraduate programme. The protocols are explained in a simplified manner and are very easy to conduct. The book is a collection of experiments from all fields of biotechnology and will become a companion for all those who do research in the field of biotechnology. Attention is given to include most of the basic protocols. This book will provide first hand valuable information for all those who are interested in biotechnology research."

The book entitled "Plant Secondary Metabolites" is divided in 11 chapters with broader headings which include introduction, History, Biosynthesis, Essential Oils/Terpenes/Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Gums & Mucilages Oleoresins, Plant amines, Techniques and Biotechnological approaches. 45 tables, 60 figures, chemical equations and colour photographs have been used to make the information useful for under-graduate and post-graduate students of agriculture, ayurveda, pharmacy, naturopathy and home sciences to enrich their knowledge is not only scare but is also scattered and hence an attempt has been made here to provide the best available information to students, researchers and faculties in resembling disciplines under one roof.

The book is ready reference practical manual for teachers as well as students of undergraduate programmes and postgraduate beginners in the discipline of horticulture and postharvest technology. Spread over 33 s, the book covers various topics i.e. acquaintance with equipments and machinery, maturity indices, pre-storage treatments, low cost storage technology, processing and value addition in fruits and vegetables including preparation of jam, jelly, marmalade, beverages, pickles, chutney, tomato products, canning of fruits and vegetables, cut out analysis and preparation of cider, vase life of flowers, physico-chemical and sensory analysis of fresh & processed products. Besides, ten annexures have also been given describing fruit products order, temperature corrections for measuring TSS, maturity indices, units of conversion, preparation of cleaning and chemical solutions, food additives, suppliers of machinery and equipments, important journals and conduct of a students in a laboratory. The contents of s have been put up in the simplest language giving separate instructions for the students and teacher as well as relevant information on the topics so that conduct of practical becomes easy and systematic. Coloured plates of some of the machinery and equipments have also been given so that their identification becomes easy even if the equipment or machinery is not available in a particular laboratory. The book is an initiative to fulfill the long pending requirement of teachers and students for conduct of practical s on various aspects of postharvest technology of horticultural crops. The book would be of great use to the students, researchers, teachers and all those who have interest in the subject.

The book is divided into four sections, minerals, crystals, rocks and ores. Section A incorporates nine s, begins with presenting salient features of the earth--its structure and composition. The second Minerals and Mineralogy briefly tells about their diversity and their categorisation and introduces the interesting way they are named. Crystal chemistry the third is the heart and soul of mineralogy and deals in somewhat details about the building blocks of minerals -atoms and ions and the way they form diverse types of minerals are. It tries to tell why every combination of chemical compounds cannot result into a naturally occurring mineral. The fourth and fifth s deal with Properties of Minerals, physical and optical. The s describe various physical properties that are helpful in the identification both in hand specimens and as thin section under the microscope. These two s are adequately aided with a number of illustrations, photographs and photomicrographs to bring home the point. five deals with classification of minerals and their occurrence and forms a prelude to the next two s on descriptive mineralogy. Important silicate and non silicate minerals are described in s eight and nine. A brief description of mineral uses is dealt with in both descriptive mineralogy as well Section D on mineral deposits, however, the last , Mineral uses presents an overall picture and will be interesting as well as educating to students and even general readeSection B is devoted to crystals and crystallography. one introduces the subject while two presents basic crystallographic elements. three deals with the main six crystals systems while also giving a preliminary idea about stereographic projection and x-ray crystallography. Section C covers petrology, beginning with introduction to science of petrology, rock nomenclature. two is devoted to the study of igneous rocks, including their forms, composition, textures, structures, classification and description. Sedimentary rocks is the theme of three while different aspects of metamorphic rocks including kinds and agents of metamorphism and classification and description of metamorphism. The last portion of this also considers metamorphism in the background of global tectonics. five, the rock cycle presents a concise summary of geological events that have shaped the planet earth. The last section D is what geology is all about for a man on the street and its significance in nation building--the Ore minerals. It begins with what ore is and its place in human affairs as a well as presenting the important terminology in economic geology. two deals with ore genesis and presents various hypogene and supergene process that carves out ore deposits from non economic materials. three, mineral deposits and global tectonics is becoming a very popular theme among the earth scientists. A brief introduction of the same will be certainly appreciated by the student community and prompt them for further study in this direction. A general survey of India's mineral resources is the theme of four. It covers almost all of the commonly used ores, metallic, non metallic or fuels. The last of section D and the boom, 'Indian mineral industry: some facts and figures' will present where our country stands in the realm of mineral resources. Latest available data of resources, production, export, import, organisations that matter and other useful facts and figures are presented.

Veterinary Toxicology, in recent years, has acquired greater importance than ever before because of increasing and indiscriminate use of farm chemicals and drugs accompanied by rapid degrading impact of environmental pollution on health of animals. The indiscriminate feeding habits of domestic animals especially in developing countries make them more prone to the impact of natural toxicants especially Phytotoxins and Mycotoxins.    Toxicology has been recognized as a separate discipline in veterinary sciences both at undergraduate and post graduate levels for the last four decades and a lot of emphasis has been given on its teaching, research and practical utility from clinical point of view.     The book has been prepared in a most comprehensive manner with up-to date reference which offers invaluable, clinically oriented guidance on numerous potentially toxic substances. In addition, to covering traditional and non-traditional areas of toxicology it provides a wealth of quick reference charts and tables that put vital information at your finger tips in seconds

The book covers recent trends in Farm Machinery, Farm Power, Renewable energy and Engineering Mechanics.

"The book entitled Radio Tracer Techniques for Agriculturists and Biologist narrates the fundamentals and principles behind radio tracer techniques. Its application in agriculture and biological sciences and also the instrumentation and laboratory set up with safety aspects required to be followed while working with radio active substances. This is a comprehensive collection useful to all concerned with radio tracers."

Agricultural extension is in a great transition worldwide. The demand for public extension reform is greater than ever before. The agriculture knowledge infrastructure is evolving in a big way with the emergence of pluralistic extension actors and innovations to cater the needs of the farmeThis book is an attempt to document the past experiences and recent developments in the agriculture knowledge information systems. The compilation of 14 country s such as; Afghanistan, Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, India, Iran, Mozambique, Nepal, Peru, Philippines, Trinidad and Tobago and Zimbabwe is intended to document the experience of extension systems. The fourteen country s highlight the worldwide agricultural extension reform measures (Decentralization, Privatization, Demand driven and Cost-recovery approaches), Institutional Pluralism (Public, Private, and NGOs) and Innovations (Farmer to Farmer extension, Participatory and Self-Help Group (SHG) approaches and ICT initiatives). The agricultural extension students, academicians, scientist, practitioners, administrators, and policy makers will find this compilation of extension experiences from the fourteen countries relevant for designing future reforms, advancing pluralistic extension system and also to integrating innovations in their extension approaches.

This book is the out come from the personnel's who have their foot in microbiology science last two decades. It's a collection of almost a dozen of sister concerned disciplines in microbiology. It includes more than 6900 terms related to microbiology. This book will become and essential book to all who have some bearing with microbiology and fields like mycology, bacteriology, virology, microbe-biotechnology, parasitology etc.

Abiotic stresses have become an integral part of crop production. One or other persist either in soil, water or in atmosphere. The information in the areas of injury and tolerant mechanisms, variability for tolerance, breeding and biotechnology for improvement of crop plants against abiotic stresses are lying unorganized in different articles of journals and edited books. This information is presented in this book in organized way with up-to-date citations, which will provide comprehensive literatures of recent advances. More emphasis has been given to elaborate the injury and tolerance mechanisms, and development of improved genotypes against stress environments. This book also deals with the plants' symptoms of particular abiotic stress, reclamation of soil and crop/cropping pattern to over come the effect of adverse condition(s). Each has been laid out with systematic approaches to develop abiotic stress tolerant genotypes using biotechnological tools. Use of molecular markers in stress tolerance and development of transgenic also have been detailed. Air pollution and climate change are the hot topic of the days. Thus, the effect of air pollution and climate change on crop plants have been detailed in the final three s of this book. Under abiotic stress, plant produces a large quantity of free radicals (oxidants), which have been elaborated in a separate 'Oxidative Stress'. This book has been divided into seven major parts- physical stress (salt), water stresses (drought and waterlogging), temperature stresses (heat and cold), metal toxicities (aluminium, iron, cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, copper, zinc etc) and non-metal toxicities (boron and arsenic), oxidative stress, and finally atmospheric stresses (air pollution, radiation and climate change). Hope, this book will be of greater use for the students and researchers, particularly Plant Breeders and Biotechnologists as well as the Botanists, to understand the injury and tolerance mechanisms, and subsequently improvement of crop genotypes for abiotic stresses.

Water is an important element for life on the earth. It is an essential natural resource for environmental sustenance. In India, water quality modeling studies are carried out from fresh water to marine water ecosystems. Water quality modeling plays a vital role in water quality studies. Numerical models are to be successfully calibrated and properly applied and it is to be improved our understanding of the complex interactions among different parameters such as temperature, biological oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and eutrophication in the fresh water and sea water environment.

There is Global concern on shrinking food base depending on a meager three crops-wheat, rice and maize-.New Crops are to be encouraged to fit into the changing food habits, life styles and above all climate change. Underutilized Horticultural Crops are getting attention world around. The High Impact Journal HortScience reviewed vol. II Underutilized and Underexploited Horticultural Crops and reported its global value. The series projects the nutritional values, ecological compatibility, fitness to ecological niches and above all optimum uses of natural resources like water, energy, space and time. Volume 4 deals with edible plant foods in Africa, African Leafy Vegetables, Amaranths, Chilies, Annual Drumstick, Clove bean, Cluster bean, Curry leaf, Ivy Gourd, Snap melon, Sweet Gourd, Teasles Gourd, Tree borne vegetables, Fruits of North Eastern Region, Dragon Fruit, Wood apple, Strobilanthes, Seed Spices, Yam bean and Trees for Energy. Twenty s in the 4th volume are compiled by the Eminent Scientists in the respective crops. The volume 4 envisages a world free from hunger and under nutrition and full of health and wellness.

Sustainable agricultural management technologies should be studied in terms of increased productivity, profitability, energy saving and efficiency of agricultural inputs usage by using efficiency indices and sustainable indicators.. The book serves as a complete source of information on efficiency indices and sustainability indicators followed in different branches of agricultural management research like nutrient, water and weed management, cropping and farming system studies, meteorological and crop physiological studies and economic assessment of all the management techniques. Keeping these things in mind the entire book has been divided into ten chapteThe book has been written for teachers, students, researchers and policy makers and extension workers engaged in agricultural management research strategies.

The book "Applied Bioinformatics, Statistics and Economics in Fisheries Research" is first of its kind available in the market. The book spreading over 42 s within three broad sections like aqua-informatics, statistics and economics has covered the advanced tools and techniques of bioinformatics and statistics for exploratory analysis of genomic and microarray data of fishes. s on the latest developments on biotechnological approaches for fish disease diagnostic, infection and immunity of brood carps, cryoconservation of fishes, probiotics and nanotechnology in aquaculture are of paramount interest, in addition to information on prawn aquaculture, ornamental fish farming and trade. Information on various software and their application for exploratory data analysis and data mining leading to knowledge discovery and visualization is the main attraction of the book. Another important feature of the book is that one can find appropriate as well as illustrated examples exclusively with fisheries data. The statistics section includes biometrical and qualitative techniques in genetics and selective breeding of fish, besides fundamental statistical test, design of experiments and sampling methods for planning of experiments and survey in fisheries and aquaculture research. The book also includes econometric approach for technical efficiency estimation and input-output analysis, project evaluation, and impact assessment, linear programming, market intelligence, fisheries legislation, policy and IPR issues all of which are new in the field of fisheries and aquaculture. The book will not only be beneficial to students, but also will be a helpful guidance to researchers and planners for taking policy decisions as it covers a wide range of subjects that are gainfully applied to the fisheries and aquaculture research

The global changes warranted fastness in food production system and fast foods. In tune with demand, crop production also oriented accordingly.  However, the proverb 'Health is a Wealth' is reminded us to keep vigil on system and method of food production and food safety. The ill-effect of conventional chemical based farming well documented and public realized the importance organically produced food and efforts are being made to popularize the organic production. India is a "Land of Spices", each state or union territory in India cultivates one or other spice. Since spices form a part of many medicines the demand for organically produced spices is increasing considerably. Assuming a market growth of 10% in Europe, USA and Japan for organic spice products the world demand for organic spices may grow to 57000 tonnes in the next 10 yeaLarge scale use of high analysis fertilizers and pesticides result environmental hazards and imbalances in soil nutrients. Since spices are high valued and export oriented in nature it is imperative to keep the levels of pesticide residues below tolerance limits in view of the standards set by the importing countries. Hence the book on "Organic Spices" is timely and covers all aspects of organic spice production. The topic includes historical spice trade and importance of spices in food chain. Brief account on organic agriculture movement in the world and its present status and opportunity for organic spices in the world market are given. The chemistry and different methods of composting are included in the organic manures will be informative. Microbes play a greater role in agriculture, a separate devoted on microbes and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria would definitely enrich the readeNot only that, the topics on biological control of insect pests, nematodes, fungus and bacteria of spices highlighted in separate s would be of interest in organic production system. The importance, composition, uses, botany and varieties, organic way of production of spices like black pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, chillies and paprika, nutmeg, vanilla, seed spices like cumin, fennel, fenugreek, coriander and their harvest and post harvest processing are enumerated.  The s on good agricultural practices (GAP) and organic certification procedures outlined for adoption.  This would serve as a reference book for researchers, teachers and students besides farmers, traders and consumers.

This book is an attempt to provide critical and up-to-date review and synthesis of various facets of soil borne plant diseases taking stock of present state of art in soil borne plant pathogens. The contributors from various national laboratories, centers of excellence in research institutes and university with mastery over the subjects illustrate and review the progress, application of knowledge on soil borne plant diseases besides updating the readers with recent paradigm shift in soil borne plant diseases taking in to account the art and science of ecology and epidemiology, disease resistance, physico-chemical and biological aspects of solarization, bio-control processes, molecular detection, genomics of bio-control, PGPR activity and the art of managing soil borne diseases in a sustainable way. The book also comprises special s on typical major soil borne fungal genera such as Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Verticillium, Phytophthora and Sclerotium besides endoparasitic nematodes, Heterodera, Meloidogyne their biology, perpetuation and population dynamics and the topics on soil borne diseases of important crops like wheat, cotton and temperate fruits add to the importance and utility of the volume. The recent development in bio-control, mass production, registration, quality control, the principles of solar heating, use of mycorrhiza, utilization of on-farm wastes combined with sub-lethal heating and its utility in hot arid region are some of the special features of the volume. The philosophy of IDM with due consideration to ecology and economic parameters have been covered. The book caters the need of knowledge hungry students, teachers, researchers, policy makers, extension workers of general plant pathology, microbiology, microbial ecology, biological control, molecular biology, general biology and all well wishers of farmers.

We are in the middle of the first decade of new millennium and facing lot of change in Indian agriculture particularly in the field of horticulture. In the last millennium the horticultural crops had the limited phase of development because of unawareness of the research potentiality. We will enter the second decade of new millennium and by the end of 2020; the golden revolution starts with new visions in application of modern and innovative techniques in breeding and farming. Qualitative production is just sufficient to meet the domestic market except for few crops like spices, condiments, plantation crops, flower crops and medicinal plants which has high demand in the international market. The horticultural crops contribute to the supplementary diet providing food security to the nation. All this needs application of innovative approaches of scientific culture. This book encompasses recent and pertinent field of horticulture viz., crop breeding, precision farming, biotechnology, therapeutic horticulture and post harvest practices covering fruits, vegetables, flowers and spices and plantations crops. The knowledge on recent research technologies viz., bioinformatics, biotechnology, transplastomics etc., will be helpful in production and consumption of horticultural crops. The practical application of breeding techniques like polyoidy and the selection technique will pave the way to increase the productivity. The exploitation of horticultural crops for the occurrence of antioxidants will serve for the human health and prevent the disease like cancer, cardio vascular disease, diabetics etc. The organic farming for vegetable and plantation crops is more informative. All this information is brought out in detailed in different s of this book."

Modern mineral exploration is the Modern Hunting of the Solid Earth". It provides a vital bridging between mineral explorations coupled with committed intellectual investment. Mineral explorers like: geochemists, geophysists, geomatists, geo-technical engineers, mineral chemists, environmental scientists, ceramic engineers, metallurgists and business communities with diverse range of interests and in training the experts of specific research needs. This volume covers major areas like: Mineral resources. Modern techniques for exploration of resources. Exploration and exploitation of water resources. Environmental studies. Economic development. This collection of illustrations with maps, photographs, figures, satellite images, colour photographs and tables will be found beneficial to students, researchers, field professionals and to decision makers."

The well being of the humans including animals depend upon very much on how the soil productivity is maintained without ecosystems degradation.  Most likely soil can efficiently sustain humanity with food, fibre, feed to animals and clean environmental maintenance only when it is considered and managed from the holistic and ecosystem points of view.  Plants need at least 16 essential elements for their normal growth and to complete their life.  The soil testing provides the status of the nutrients determined in the laboratory for the application of appropriate rate of fertilizers to eliminate the nutrients limiting for production.  The soil testing along with plant analysis gives the true status of plant nutrients affected by soil properties to take the proper care for the plant growth.  Our available water resources are diminishing and getting polluted with excess use of fertilizers and pesticides which are ultimately affecting the environment, food produced and water quality.  The purpose of this book 'Soil Testing and Analysis' is (i) to provide the vital plant nutrients functions for which soil testing is to be made; (ii) to determine the nutrient status of the soil with appropriate methods, measurements and criteria for interpreting those assessments; (iii) to analyze the appropriate parts of the plant samples for nutrient elements with available methods of analysis; (iv) to analyze the important water quality parameters with interpretations; and  (v) to prepare the soil, plant and water samples for the analysis of pesticide residues with the different available methods

Tuber and root crops are the third important group of food crops after cereals and pulses, feeding about one fifth of the world population. With the burgeoning population coupled with limited land, water and other resources, the future beckons tuber and root crops in fulfilling the country's food requirements. These crops have higher biological efficiency and greater adoption with profound production potential per unit area per unit time. Tuber and root crops are well known from time immemorial as nature's energy bank and famine savior. This book is conceived to have an updated version on the tuber and root crops especially in the Indian context, including information on the history, biodiversity, geographical distribution, botany, neutraceutical and pharmaceutical values, new varieties, production technologies, IPM strategies, starches, post harvest technologies and value added products, bio-processing, biotechnology, ITK and future thrusts. Various aspects of cassava, sweet potato, elephant foot yam, taro, yams, coleus, yam bean and arrow root are elucidated in 17 s and appendices. This book will be of immense use to the policy makers, scientists, post graduate and under graduate students and officials concerned with tuber and root crops research, development and extension.

Horticultural crops are high value crops ensuring maximum returns to the growers with multiple scopes for value addition. Market driven agriculture prescribes quality in every stage of production and total quality management is a challenge to the horticulturist. Present volume on 'horticultural crop management' elaborates the scientific crop management of horticultural crops starting from selection of soil and activities related to production and handling of fresh produces in the field. Scope of value addition, organic farming, protected cultivation, export potential and economic analysis of production are included.     The average per capita availability of fruits and vegetables in India is inadequate to meet requirements for nutritional and protective diet of the population. Of the total horticulture production, only 67 % is used for local consumption while 30 % is subjected to post harvest losses, 2 % for export and 0.8 % for processing. There is immense scope for developing horticultural produce market. Changing food habits, life styles and health consciousness and purchasing power have created an unprecedented opportunity for farmers and horticultural entrepreneuThis book is an attempt to link all stake holders in horticulture to the scientific information on horticultural crop management. First part of the volume deals with management of fruits, vegetables and flowers while second part elaborates plantation crops and spices.

The book focuses on conventional and recent propagation techniques delving upon crop-wise depictions of different propagation methods in horticultural crops. Adequate insight is given to crop botany, ecology and economic importance of important fruit crops, vegetables, plantation crops and spices. The content of the book undoubtedly will provide a good guidance to students of Agriculture and Botany, Nurserymen and Agricultural Extension workers.

This book "Spices" comprehends and provides latest information on economic importance, botany, chemical composition , crop improvement, agro-technology, post harvest technology and end uses of 52 spices identified by the spices board.   The book is organized into 6 chapteThe authors with their vast experience in tropical spices have brought their scientific as well as practical experience in collecting and presenting the information concisely. Although the book is a sublimate of the Indian expertise in spices, the contents are very useful and relevant internationally. the book is targeted to the students and researchers in the area of horticulture, agriculture, industry people, exporters  processors and end users.

The book will prove as a complete handbook of temperate horticulture as it will not only serve as a reference material for research workers in horticulture, but will also play a vital role in combating problems and planning future strategies in the field of horticulture.

The Asian "Mega Tsunami" (2004) has struck most of the territorial nations of South Asia including the East Coast of India.  The NRDMS Division, Department  of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, has conceived and executed on All India Co-ordinated Programme on "Tsunami Disaster Assessment and Mitigation" through various institutions of expertise on Geomatics in Earth System Dynamics and the related natural disasters.  The Geomatics technology which includes Arial Photography, Photogrammetry, Satellite Remote Sensing, Digital Image Processing, GPS Surveys, GIS modeling etc. was used in this programme, geo-spatial data bases were created on Tsunami disasters over Natural, Physical and Human Resources and futuristic mitigation strategies were evolved there from.  The book illuminates the results of the studies carried out along the Indian Coast and a bird's eye view on the tsunami studies in Norway.    In addition, some special papers on the role of mangroves as Tsunami mitigator, Impacts o Tsunami over marine water quality, coral ecosystem etc; the administrator's experience over the tsunami crisis management, NGO's perspective, certain societal issues triggered by the killer Tsunami and citizen's perspective, etc. also find a place in this volume.