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India having around 180 millions heads of cattle, 100 million buffaloes, 185 million heads of caprine and ovine population which makes her highest milk producing country in the world

Women empowerment is an important issue in our development.

Orchids are widely considered to be the most highly evolved of all flowering plants. They are amongst the most beautiful flowers of the entire plant kingdom, combining exotic looks with a diverse set of characteristics. Orchid plants are capable of growing indoors and outdoors, and are no doubt unique difficult to grow successfully. Among flower crops, orchids play a key role in Indian floral economy as they share sizeable export. The vast area and the varied agro-climatic conditions of our country, ranging from tropical to temperate region make possible to grow all kinds of orchids. In this context, a need of simple book on recent advances in cultivation and management of orchid is highly demanded by students of Horticulture & Forestry and florists of India. Thus, this book is brought about mainly to fulfil the above requirement and is also the outcome of our teaching, research and field experiences of several years. Orchid's morphology, propagation methods, cultivation, breeding, post harvest management, diseases and insect pest management describes in details in this book.

The book is intended to provide a clear overview on the management of pests and diseases of horticulture crops, associated soil and beneficial fauna, residue status of pesticides and their estimation techniques. It is divided in four parts: Part I explain the practices followed in the pest management of horticulture crops. s include pest status of insects, mites, rodents, and diseases in fruits, vegetables, ornamentals, spices and mushrooms and their management. Different aspects of biological, cultural, and mechanical controls are also highlighted. Harmful and beneficial soil fauna associated with horticulture crops are dealt in Part II. Keeping in view the potential of beneficial organisms, the effects of pesticides on predators, parasites and pollinators have also been discussed in this section. The recent scientific developments related to residue status in vegetables, fruits and spices are provided in Part III. Part IV includes the residue estimation techniques of various pesticides.

The new hybrid breeding technology is capable of substantially increasing the productivity of pigeonpea and become a trigger for pulse revolution in the country. The development of CMS based hybrid-RVICPH 2671 has paved a new way for easy development and identification of high yielding hybrids. The book will encourage researchers in adoption of newer technologies to achieve food security through roductivity enhancement in Pigeonpea.

It is difficult to forecast the serious consequences of damage to soil health on plants, animals and human beings. Agricultural soils across the globe are affected by erosion, degradation, nutrient depletion, pollution, organic matter decline and faulty management practices. This has resulted into 'Plant nutrient disorders' due primarily to imbalances, interactions, deficiencies or toxicities of one or more plant nutrients. Quality of irrigation water and environmental stress has a profound influence on this process. The present book provides an insight into the reasons for occurrence of such nutrient disorders, methodologies to monitor soil, plant, water and environment and ways to diagnose the problem through analytical and instrumental techniques. Widespread occurrence of secondary and micronutrient deficiencies in soils have resulted into low uptake of these nutrient ions by plants with adverse impact on human and animal health. Continuous cropping without due care of efficient soil and water use, have resulted in poor crop performances with low yields in many areas. This book attempts to provide answers to some pertinent questions on the subject i.e. I. Why plant nutrient disorders occur? II. Whether these are site or crop specific? III. How best one can diagnose the problem, by adopting sound analytical techniques? IV. What are the major concerns? V. How best one can manage such disorders to sustain soil health for crop production? Implementing scientific soil management programme requires good team work among scientists, extension workers & field staff with governmental support and farmer's participation. It is hoped that this book written in a simple language will be very useful for the students and teachers of Agriculture, Horticulture, Forestry, Fisheries & allied disciplines.

The global changes warranted fastness in food production system and fast foods. In tune with demand, crop production also oriented accordingly. However, the proverb 'Health is a Wealth' is reminded us to keep vigil on system and method of food production and food safety. The ill-effect of conventional chemical based farming well documented and public realized the importance organically produced food and efforts are being made to popularize the organic production. India is a "Land of Spices", each state or union territory in India cultivates one or other spice. Since spices form a part of many medicines the demand for organically produced spices is increasing considerably. Assuming a market growth of 10% in Europe, USA and Japan for organic spice products the world demand for organic spices may grow to 57000 tonnes in the next 10 yeaLarge scale use of high analysis fertilizers and pesticides result environmental hazards and imbalances in soil nutrients. Since spices are high valued and export oriented in nature it is imperative to keep the levels of pesticide residues below tolerance limits in view of the standards set by the importing countries. Hence the book on "Organic Spices" is timely and covers all aspects of organic spice production. The topic includes historical spice trade and importance of spices in food chain. Brief account on organic agriculture movement in the world and its present status and opportunity for organic spices in the world market are given. The chemistry and different methods of composting are included in the organic manures will be informative. Microbes play a greater role in agriculture, a separate devoted on microbes and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria would definitely enrich the readeNot only that, the topics on biological control of insect pests, nematodes, fungus and bacteria of spices highlighted in separate s would be of interest in organic production system. The importance, composition, uses, botany and varieties, organic way of production of spices like black pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, chillies and paprika, nutmeg, vanilla, seed spices like cumin, fennel, fenugreek, coriander and their harvest and post harvest processing are enumerated. The s on good agricultural practices (GAP) and organic certification procedures outlined for adoption. This would serve as a reference book for researchers, teachers and students besides farmers, traders and consumers.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the ancient fruits associated with several human cultures of the world. Its nutritional, therapeutic and ornamental values were known to humans since antiquity. Although pomegranate is an ancient fruit plant, it has gained commercial significance recently. In the present text, proven technologies and procedure for export have largely been complied for the end-users. The book has six broad chapters, with major focus on production technology, integrated disease and insect pest management (IDIPM), post harvest management and procedure for export of pomegranate. This publication will benefit the pomegranate growers, researchers, students, extension workers, processors, exporters, various developmental agencies and other stake holders involved in the promotion of the pomegranate industry in India.

Organic Farming presents basic principles and practices of organic farming. The chapters systematically cover- 1. Concepts and relevance of organic farming 2. Organic production requirement 3. Biological intensive nutrient management 4. Integrated pests, disease and weed management 5. Quality control standards and certification 6. Organic market opportunities 7. Frequently asked questions and answers: This book fulfils the needs of students studying in agricultural colleges and universities and a standing guidance to the teachers for teaching organic farming in the new concept of agriculture education and development.

'Applied Ornamental Horticulture' consists of 16 s authored by 18 eminent working scientists related to various applied fields of Ornamental Horticulture. A highly illustrated book, comprising over 75 colored pictures, it is unique in its exhaustive coverage,content and structure. The book not only provides the concept but gives on hand information related to all day today practical aspects of applied ornamental horticulture. It is difficult to provide universally valid recommendations for agronomic and cultural practices for all the ornamental plants as they are grown under different ecological and soil conditions in different climatic zones. However, the general cultural practices like soil and water requirements, planting time and depths; fertilizing, mulching, flowering season, storage and insight about the applied aspects of ornamental horticulture are given for each, although it varies from region to region and under different growing conditions and climate. The book has covered various aspects of gardening and Landscape planning. . All the s are very comprehensive and informative for day today activities in our daily gardening ventures. The book will be useful to students , city dwellers and scholars of Horticulture.The book is a ready reckoner to house wifes and is an essential table book.Transition of conventional gardening to virtual digital garden is indicated and at no point of time and space, natural divine garden can be replaced by digital virtual gardens.Garden has life while virtual garden is insensitive.

Green Agriculture: Green agriculture is a sort of system which carries out agricultural production with â¿¿green technologyâ¿?. It's basic content is based on biological diversity; keeping harmony between nature and economy during the course of agricultural development, by producing agricultural products in a pollution-free and nuisance-free environment. Methods and technologies to cater with climate change, droughts, floods etc is also dealt in detail in the book. The book â¿¿Green Agriculture: Newer Technologiesâ¿? carries 18 s and covers most of the on farm adopted technology developed by our distinguished scientist mainly focusing, how to save the planet earth during agricultural activities through modern technology. The attempt is to highlight the recent agro-based development through newer technologies to make agriculture productive and eco-friendly.

The present book is an attempt to give an understanding of the basic concepts and practical approach of the Cytology and Genetics. It covers all the spheres regarding cytology and genetics like information on microscope, cell division, Mendelian principle of heredity, linkage and their detection, gene mapping through recombination, multiple alleles, gene interaction and probability. The practical outlined in this manual will benefit the students and teachers of Biological and Agricultural Sciences.

The basic aim of this manual is to provide useful resource materials for training young students and faculties working in the area of plant systematics. The manual provides uated information on basic as well as applied aspects of plant systematics on various groups of plants like Algae, Lichens, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 1 to 3 describe the various approaches and methods to study microbial and fungal diversity, which is basically a very useful precursor to the students and young researchers. 4 and 5 provide deals with the multi-dimensional approaches in Lichen systematics. The book progresses upwards through the plethora of information on the diversity and systematics of Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms ( 6-10). 11 to 15 contain on the plant methodological details identification, approaches and methods of Flora, revision, monograph and development of herbarium. This information is very important for the students and young faculties who intend to pursue their researches in plant taxonomy. 14 and 15 particularly provide all the relevant information on the International Code of Plant nomenclature including cultivated plants. These s per se are very significant for the amateur as well as serious readers of plant taxonomy. Plant taxonomy and biosystematics is a dynamic subject, as it derives information from various other disciplines like palynology, seed morphology, pharmacognosy, molecular biology, etc. We have, therefore, broaden the scope of this book by including the s on palynology, seed morphology, molecular systematics, biostatistics, ecological and remote sensing methods for diversity analyses, and pharmacognostical tools for identification of herbal drugs ( 16-22). The knowledge and information on these applied aspects of biology in relation to taxonomy will certainly infuse the interest in readers, who are pursuing plant taxonomy as their scientific pursuits. 23 and 24 describe the various methods of characterization and evaluation of ornamental and medicinal plants. The last (25) of the book provides the information about CSIR-NBRI Botanic Garden and its various repositories, which could be of great interest to the readers from the perspectives of plant conservation.

The book soil microbiology and biochemistry written in a comprehensive lucid manner, deals the issues concerned to the soil fertility, soil health, plant growth and soil biotechnology in relation to microbial activities. Special attention has been paid to the ecology, biochemistry and functioning of soil micro-organisms and their interactions. Thus, in a broad sense, the book shall prove useful tool to the students and teachers of microbiology and may also serve as an invaluable resource for students and teachers in soil science, soil ecology, biogeochemistry, environmental sciences, botany biochemistry, sustainable agriculture and resource management, both at under graduate and post graduate levels. This book has sixteen s with glossary of the terms often used in soil microbiology. The comprehensive introduction to soil microbiology and the rapid advances made in both fundamental knowledge and potential applications of soil microbiology e.g. history, ecology, habitats, diversification and functions of soil organisms, soil health and applied environmental topics is given in 1 to 3. The overview of the methods employed to study soil micro organisms is presented in 4. Microbial-mediated transformations of major nutrients (N, P, Fe, S, K, etc.) and other metals in soil are lucidly described in 5 to 9. The plant microbe interactions in soil, rhizosphere and phyllosphere is covered in 10 to 12 and these s provide comprehensive knowledge about mycorrhiza, plant growth promoting rhizosphere microorganisms, deleterious rhizosphere microorganisms, root pathogens besides enlightening the various types of soil microbial products of plant and Pesticide-microbe interactions also covers the effect on non-target microorganisms, pesticide persistence, accumulation and bio-magnification, co-metabolism, bioremediation, etc. A separate is devoted to the production and applications of biofertilizers and biopesticides. Organic waste recycling covers composting, vermin-compost, aquacultural reuse, land application, mushrooms and bio-energy production. The book keeps the learners abreast with the current trends and concepts in soil microbiology for easy comprehension. It also gives balanced coverage of fundamental and applied topics. Moreover, it introduces students to newly emerging field of soil biotechnology. The extensive glossary and index has been given at the end for easy study reference in understanding.

This fully revised and uated second edition contains uated information on working of different subassemblies that make a tractor. Uses of tractor for various agricultural and non agricultural operations are vividly described. Besides, uates are also incorporated on various implements, equipment and machinery developed in India for different agricultural operations, viz,. land preparation, sowing/planting, weeding, plant protection, harvest threshing, post harvest and agro-processing. Information on agriculture relation sections like special tools and equipment used in horticulture, water lifting devices, calibration of seed drills has also been given. The first edition was widely used as a standard reference book for graduate students in agricultural engineering and regular engineering colleges. The present edition would also serve the same purpose and can be used as a ready reference for the teaching staff in educational institutions and testing institutions, extension workers, scientists and farmers.

This book will provide an exposure to recent developments in the field of geostatistical modeling, spatial variability of soil resources, and preparation of digital soil maps using R and GIS and potential application of it in agricultural resource management. Specifically following major areas are covered in the book.

There is perfect relationship between energy, ecology and environment. If a proper balance is maintained among these three aspects than sustainable development for the welfare of human beings is obtained. This book has been written with a view to draw attention for integration of renewable energy in all sectors for sustainable development. The aim of this book is to examine the range of views related to renewable energy sources for sustainable and their implications. The authors have simplified and clarified renewable energy technologies and new theories for a sustainable development. Sustainable development has been characterized by an emphasis on environmental issues and its inter-relationship with renewable energy sources. In present context there is a need to develop an approach to structure the subject which hinders the development of knowledge in a systematic way. The built environment contributes significantly to the society and thus development in holistic manner. Integration of renewable energy sources is one of the major factors in determining whether a community is sustainable in the longer term or not. In this book, emphasis has been made on various aspects of energy planning such as energy assessment, energy integration, energy forecasting, energy modeling, computer modeling and techno-economic analysis of different conventional as well as non-conventional renewable energy sources. Much of the information presented in this book is basically to acquire an understanding of the integrated energy planning, its design, development, implementation, monitoring and feedback evaluation. This book will be useful for those involved in energy activities and planning.

Understanding the basic principles of organic agriculture is as much important as that of knowing the latest developments scenario in the field of agriculture. It is strenuous strive to keep pace with the progress of such a vast area like organic farming which is in practice throughout the globe. The budding farmer / scientist have to brace him with the fundamentals of organic agriculture. This book provides attention of one and all concerned to promote organic farming as a measure to provide the elutes to posterity and to save our farm land that we inherited from our forefathers from being degraded and made in to wastelands through our excessive interventions. Opportunity for employment generation in rural India and making the rural roles empowered to produce their farm inputs and a message to live healthy by eating organic food. In addition this publication guides the farmer interested in organic farming.

The book a consortium and provides adequate information derived from current research on tea and opens up new avenues for researchers as well as service for the tea growers, and offers solutions of persistent problems for policy makers. Colour photographs, useful diagrams have also been reproduced. This book has 10 chapters on VII different aspects. The first part deals with basic aspects on history and introduction with special reference to Darjeeling tea. Part II is devoted to the role of Small Tea Growers in Indian tea. The third part deals with Cultivation Practices. The forth part describes one of the important aspects of tea cultivation i.e., "Insect Pest Management and Pesticide Residue" in length. The part five describes research on Darjeeling tea and it's contribution and impact. The part sixth describes health benefit of tea. Finally part seven deals with biotechnology on tea.

Newer technologies for increasing agricultural production are now becoming available at a much faster rate. But the mechanism for transferring them to the uneducated and small producers in an effective manner does not exist. There is an urgent need for a communication network at the service of the poor farmers in our country like the global communication net work which makes the latest findings available without delay to research workers in any particular field. It is not only knowledge that is needed, but an approach which will be able to supply the right knowledge and tools to the right people, at the right time and above all at the right place. In developing countries, the other alternative viz., traditional methods have special advantages over modern agricultural techniques because: ¿ The capital and technological skill requirements in the use of traditional technologies are generally low. ¿ Their adoption often requires little restructure of the traditional societies. ¿ These traditional technologies are not other than the indigenous knowledge. ¿ By adopting such indigenous knowledge, our ancestors did not face any problem of large scale pest out break or economic crisis unlike the today's farmeThis book covers wide areas of traditional practices viz., traditional varieties, crop protection, crop management, storage structure, medicinal plants, farm tools, ethno veterinary practices, fisheries, post harvest techniques and other miscellaneous practices. The practices are rationalized and the rational practices will serve the scientists with new technology for test verification and to select the viable technology for field level recommendation. This book will serve as highly useful reference material to the community of scholars and scientific workers both in the laboratories and applied fields. This will set the phase for the future generation in this area.