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Mayo Clinic General Surgery is a concise text that aims to provide learners with knowledge crucial to the development of surgical skill. Featuring nearly 200 "challenge" questions designed to reveal the gaps in your surgical knowledge and over 200 instructional videos, with accompanying video stills and transcripts, this book offers multiplatform educational content in a learner-friendly format. Ultimately, the goal is to better prepare students, residents,and fellows for their surgical experiences and lead to better understanding with long-term retention.

Rebecca Maloy's Songs of Sacrifice argues that liturgical music-both texts and melodies-played a central role in the cultural renewal of early Medieval Iberia, with a chant repertory that was carefully designed to help build a society unified in the Nicene faith.

Among the violent acts perpetrated by radical Islamist groups in Europe, the Charlie Hebdo massacre in Paris has been one of those that has challenged established categories of public debate the most. Through a multifaceted and detailed analysis of the public discourse around the Charlie Hebdo episode in France, Germany, Italy, and the UK, Discursive Turns and Critical Junctures offers an in-depth analysis of how political groups and religious organizations have reacted to the event, which claims they have made in the public sphere, and how they have justified such claims. Drawing on newspaper sources and discourse analysis, the authors navigate the complexities caused by politicalviolence. They develop a threefold comparison that considers how the debate differs across countries; how it evolved over time; and how it varies when one looks at mainstream media compared to social movement arenas. Based on a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative analyses, the volume paysparticular attention to radical left, radical right and religious actors and to issues related to migration and integration, secularism and cultural diversity, security and civil rights. In particular, they focus on the way in which transformative events act as critical junctures within different public spheres. Starting from the nefarious attacks on January 2015, this highly relevant, theoretically compelling, and methodologically sophisticated study of public debates in Europe adds substantially to the growing body of research into critical junctures as discursive turning points and gives insights into into a number of debates ranging including citizenship and political violence.

There are certain assumptions about the practice of counseling that are accepted as "truths," beliefs that are so pervasive that they remain unchallenged by almost all practitioners of all persuasions and approaches. In this book noted authors Jeffrey Kottler and Rick Balkin cover a wide range of myths, misconceptions, and assumptions that have remained unchallenged or that have little research to support their efficacy. Topics covered include the sacrosanct "50minute hour," how basic research is conducted and whether the results inform actual practice, why progress made in therapy often doesn''t last, what social justice actually means, and what makes someone an effective therapist. Each chapter describes an issue, explores the way it operates in daily practice, and then presents empirical evidence to question or challenge its current use. In cases where there is little or no definitive research to support or refute the procedure, belief, or practice the authors present some critical questions that will at the very least encourage counselors to reflect on what they do and why.

The Arab Uprisings: What Everyone Needs to Know (R) answers readers' questions about the history and current state of the Arab world and addresses all aspects of the uprisings since late 2010.

What caused the New Left rebellion of the 1960s? In Smoking Typewriters, historian John McMillian argues that the "underground press" contributed to the New Left's growth and cultural organization in crucial, overlooked ways.

Punishment policies and practices in the United States today are unprincipled, chaotic, and much too often unjust. The financial costs are enormous. The moral cost is greater: countless individual injustices, mass incarceration, the world''s highest imprisonment rate, extreme disparities, especially affecting members of racial and ethnic minority groups, high rates of wrongful conviction, assembly line case processing, and a general absence of respectful considerationof offenders'' interests, circumstances, and needs.In Doing Justice, Preventing Crime, Michael Tonry lays normative and empirical foundations for building new, more just, and more effective systems of sentencing and punishment in the twenty-first century. The overriding goals are to treat people convicted of crimes justly, fairly, and even-handedly; to take sympathetic account of the circumstances of peoples'' lives; and to punish no one more severely than he or she deserves. Drawing on philosophy and punishment theory, this bookexplains the structural changes needed to uphold the rule of law and its requirement that the human dignity of every person be respected. In clear and engaging prose, Michael Tonry surveys what is known about the deterrent, incapacitative, and rehabilitative effects of punishment, and explains what needs to be done to move from an ignoble present to a better future.

Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry provides the most comprehensive and evidence-based review of the clinical management of DSM-V based sleep-wake disorders in patients with psychiatric disorders. This book is organized into three sections that focus on the basics of sleep medicine, clinical features and treatment of DSM-V sleep-wake disorders, and evidence-based management of sleep disorders commonly associated with a range of DSM-V basedpsychiatric disorders. The first section orients the reader to topics such as sleep physiology, neural mechanisms of wakefulness and sleep, circadian rhythms, effects of sleep on cognition, history taking in sleep medicine, and clinical application of technical procedures used in the field of sleep medicine. The second section adopts a unique perspective of using DSM-V classification of sleep-wake disorders to integrate the management of sleep disorders with mainstream clinical psychiatry. This section features acomprehensive chapter on pediatric sleep-wake disorders, a topic of interest to fellows and practicing clinicians specializing in child and adolescent psychiatry. The third section offers the most comprehensive review of comorbidity, shared pathophysiology, and clinical management of sleep disorderswithin the context of a wide range of DSM-V based psychiatric disorders. This section also highlights important topics such as delirium, neurocognitive disorders, effects of psychotropic medications on sleep, neurological disorders, pain disorders, forensic sleep medicine, and eating disorders. This clinically-oriented resource provides case vignettes and clinical pearls to illustrate the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders in the setting of a variety of psychiatric presentations. Additionally, each chapter includes a self-assessment section with multiple-choice questions that helps the reader solidify their clinical skills and prepare for the board and certification examinations for topics pertinent to sleep-wake disorders in psychiatry.

Behind heart disease and cancer, medical error is now listed as one of the leading causes of death. Of the many medical errors that may lead to injury and death, diagnostic failure is regarded as the most significant. Generally, the majority of diagnostic failures are attributed to the clinicians directly involved with the patient, and to a lesser extent, the system in which they work. In turn, the majority of errors made by clinicians are due to decision makingfailures manifested by various departures from rationality. Of all the medical environments in which patients are seen and diagnosed, the emergency department is the most challenging. It has been described as a "wicked" environment where illness and disease may range from minor ailments and complaints tosevere, life-threatening disorders. The Cognitive Autopsy is a novel strategy towards understanding medical error and diagnostic failure in 42 clinical cases with which the author was directly involved or became aware of at the time. Essentially, it describes a cognitive approach towards root cause analysis of medical adverse events or near misses. Whereas root cause analysis typically focuses on the observable and measurable aspects of adverse events, the cognitive autopsy attempts to identify covert cognitive processesthat may have contributed to outcomes. In this clinical setting, no cognitive process is directly observable but must be inferred from the behavior of the individual clinician. The book illustrates unequivocally that chief among these cognitive processes are cognitive biases and other flaws in decisionmaking, rather than knowledge deficits.

Grace and Freedom addresses the issue of divine grace in relation to the freedom of the will in Reformed or "Calvinist" theology in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century. It focuses on the work of the English Reformed theologian William Perkins, especially his role as an apologist of the Church of England, defending its theology against the Roman Catholic polemic, and specifically against the charge that Reformed theology denies human free choice.Perkins and his Reformed contemporaries affirm that salvation occurs by grace alone and that God is the ultimate cause of all things, but they also insist on the freedom of the human will and specifically the freedom of choice in a way that does not conform to modern notions of "libertarian freedom" or"compatibilism." In developing this position, Perkins drew on the thought of Reformers such as Peter Martyr Vermigli and Zacharias Ursinus, on the nuanced positions of medieval scholastics, and several contemporary Roman Catholic representatives of the so-called "second scholasticism." His work was a major contribution to early modern Reformed thought both in England and on the continent. His influence in England extended both to the Reformed heritage of the Church of England and to EnglishPuritanism. On the continent, his work contributed to the main lines of Reformed orthodoxy and to the piety of the Dutch Second Reformation.

Journey into the Land of the Zeks and Back is a vivid, first-person account of life in the Soviet Gulag, a work that has never appeared before in English. It was one of the earliest published accounts of the Soviet camp system when it was published in France in 1949 and became an established classic in the Russian-speaking world, influential in the formation of the genre of Gulag memoirs.

Tree of Pearls is a vivid exploration of the life of a singular woman who rose from slavery to become sultan of Egypt in the 13th century. Her achievements were the ending the Seventh Crusade, the inauguration of the Mamluk dynasty, and the building of innovative works of architecture that left an enduring mark on Cairo.

An unexpected fusion of two major western religious traditions, Judaism and Christianity, has been developing in many parts of the world. Contemporary Christian movements are not only adopting Jewish symbols and aesthetics but also promoting Jewish practices, rituals, and lifestyles. Becoming Jewish, Believing in Jesus is the first in-depth ethnography to investigate this growing worldwide religious tendency in the global South. Focusing on an austere "JudaizingEvangelical" variant in Brazil, Carpenedo explores the surprising identification with Jews and Judaism by people with exclusively Charismatic Evangelical backgrounds. Drawing upon extensive fieldwork and socio-cultural analysis, the book analyses the historical, religious, and subjective reasons behindthis growing trend in Charismatic Evangelicalism.The emergence of groups that simultaneously embrace Orthodox Jewish rituals and lifestyles and preserve Charismatic Evangelical religious symbols and practices raises serious questions about what it means to be "Jewish" or "Christian" in today''s religious landscape. This case study reveals how religious, ethnic, and cultural markers are being mobilized in unpredictable ways within the Charismatic Evangelical movement in much of the global South. The book also considers broader questionsregarding contemporary women''s attraction to gender-traditional religions. This comprehensive account of how former Charismatic Evangelicals in Brazil are gradually becoming austerely observant "Jews," while continuing to believe in Jesus, represents a significant contribution to the study of religiousconversion, cultural change, and debates about religious hybridization processes.

How can we find solace when we face the death of loved ones? How can we find solace in our own death? When philosopher Joshua Glasgow''s mother was diagnosed with cancer, he struggled to answer these questions for her and for himself. Though death and immortality introduce some of the most basic and existentially compelling questions in philosophy, Glasgow found that the dominant theories came up short. Recalling the last months of his mother''s life, Glasgow reveals the breakthrough he finally arrived at for himself, from which readers can learn and find solace. When we are grateful for life, we value all of it, and this includes death, its natural culmination. Just as we are grateful for the value in our lives, we can affirm this value in death. This is how to face death in a way that is both rational and comfortingΓÇöin a way that provides solace. Too often we think about death as nothing but a loss. But if we shift our thinking, we can focus on how the goodness of life radiates to all its parts, even to death itself. In this way, we can find solace in death without having to resort to sentimentalism, and we can do so in a way that is equally relevant for the religious and non-religious. This path to solace provides a reassuring and significant tool for those grappling with the fact that we pass away.

Salafism is a fundamentalist Sunni vision of Islam. Growing in popularity in many countries, it seeks the purification of Islamic culture and religious renewal through a "de-militantization" of the Islamic corpus. This book examines Salafism in France and looks at how this movement spread from the Gulf to Western countries.

Publishing on the 400th anniversary of the landing of the Mayflower, One Small Candle highlights the religious beliefs and practices of the men and women who founded the Plymouth Colony and how the example of their community influenced the political and cultural foundations of English New England.

Writing and the sciences are intricately linked. Without writing, science would not exist ΓÇö and could not be funded, communicated, replicated, enhanced, or applied. Further, writing helps scientists (and students) understand the science, explain the results of research in a greater context, and develop new ideas. Working from this philosophy, this book primarily addresses undergraduate STEM majors and minors who want or need to improve their scientific writingskills. Grounded in the basics of rhetorical research and scientific writing practices and guided by the authors'' experiences in the classroom, this book makes the case that writing is an essential component of science regardless of the stage of the scientific process, and that it is in fact a component of thinking about science itself. Featuring student-centered stories that place each topic in context and suggestions for practice, Hanganu-Bresch and Flaherty arm STEM students with the skills toenhance critical thinking and cultivate good writing habits.

A chronological and interdisciplinary study of early China from the Neolithic through Warring States periods (ca 5000-500BCE).

In Defense of Politicization of Human Rights: The UN Special Procedures constitutes the first comprehensive study of the United Nations Special Procedures, covering their history, methods of work, institutional status, relationship with other politically driven organs, and processes affecting their development. Special Procedures have existed since 1967, nearly as long as United Nations Treaty Bodies, but have received only fragmented analysis, normallyfocused on a few thematic mandates, until the creation of the Human Rights Council in 2006.In seeking to debunk commonly held views about the role of politics in human rights at international level, In Defense of Politicization of Human Rights constitutes the first comprehensive study of the United Nations Special Procedures as a system covering their history, methods of work, institutional status, relationship with other politically driven organs, and processes affecting their development. The perspective chosen to analyze the human rights mechanisms most vulnerable topolitical decisions determining their creation, renewal and operationalization, casts a new light on the extent to which these remain the cornerstone of global accountability in protecting the inherent dignity and worth of individuals as well as groups.International human rights mechanisms'' efficiency is normally linked to the work of independent experts keen to push the boundaries of accountability against recalcitrant States determined to defend their sovereignty. As a corollary, progress in this field is associated to the creation and maintenance of political free spaces. Another common presumption is a belief in a differentiated ''North'' versus ''South'' approach to the promotion and protection of human rights, that find common groundwithin the prevalent human rights discourses repeated by governmental and non-governmental actors. Through the lenses of the United Nations Special Procedures, In Defense of Politicization of Human Rights challenges these and other presumptions informing doctrinal studies, policies and strategies toadvance international human rights. Because of the Special Procedures'' growing salience and impact in the world of international human rights, this book is likely to become required reading for any student or practitioner of international human rights.

The story of how book piracy in pre-Revolutionary France expanded the reach of the works that would inspire momentous change.

Charlie Parker, Composer reexamines the renowned jazz improviser as a composer in his own right, assessing 84 of his original works with a focus on their aesthetic qualities and historical context.

Maybe Christianity is actually true. Maybe it is what believers say it is. But at least two problems make the thoughtful person hesitate. First, there are so many other options. How could one possibly make one''s way through them to anything like a rational and confident conclusion? Second, why do so many people choose to be Christian in the face of so many reasons not to be Christian? Yes, many people grow up in Christian homes and in societies, but many more do not. Yet Christianity has become the most popular religion in the world. Why? This book begins by taking on the initial challenge as it outlines a process: how to think about religion in a responsible way, rather than settling for such soft vagaries as "faith" and "feeling". It then clears away a number of misunderstandings from the basic story of the Christian religion, misunderstandings that combine to domesticate this startling narrative and thus to repel reasonable people who might otherwise be intrigued. The second half of the book then looks at Christian commitment positively and negatively. Why do two billion find this religion to be persuasive, thus making it the most popular "explanation of everything" in human history? At the same time, how does Christianity respond to the fact that so many people find it utterly implausible, especially because so many Christians insist that theirs is the only way to God and because of the problem of evil that seems to undercut everything Christianityasserts? Grounded in scholarship but never ponderous, Can I Believe? refuses to dodge the hard questions as it welcomes the intelligent inquirer to give Christianity at least one good look.

In recent decades, the Merovingian world has become more visible in Anglophone historical studies. The forty-six essays included in this collection highlight the vitality and importance of the Merovingian kingdoms in the fifth through eighth centuries.

Threats is a comprehensive and scientifically accurate exploration into threats at every level, from animalistic competition to social manipulation and political strife.

Non-Toxic is an insightful, even-handed, evidence-based discussion about the environment in which we now find ourselves living, the environmental hazards around us, and ways in which we may better protect ourselves and our families from increased risk of illness and disease due to harmful chemical and radiation exposure.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of an important notion to the field of chemistry: the chemical element.

Why have some Western democracies turned toward tougher law and order policies whereas others have not? Based on quantitative analyses and case studies of four countries, The Partisan Politics of Law and Order demonstrates that the configuration of party systems and institutional context play a key role in the development of law and order policies.

Sounding Feminine traces the development of attitudes towards the female voice that have decisively shaped modern British society and culture, examining how the responses of late 18th- and early 19th-century audiences to the sounds of women's singing exposed the intricate links between gender, nationality, class, and religion in a pivotal era of change.

A syncretistic and millenarian religious movement, the Yiguandao (Way of Pervading Unity) was one of the major redemptive societies of Republican China. It developed rapidly in the 1930s and the 1940s, attracting millions of members. Sébastien Billioud offers an in-depth anthropological and sociological study of the Yiguandao., Repressed and forbidden after 1949, the group is one of the most influential religious movements of the Chinese world and at the sametime one of the least known and understood. Reclaiming the Wilderness delves into a Yiguandao community in Hong Kong that serves as a node of circulations between Taiwan, Macau, China and elsewhere. It explores the expansionary dynamics of a group that now now reestablishinges itself in China and elsewherein Asia. In I, Sébastien Billioud offers the first in-depth anthropological and sociological study of the Yiguandao, focusing on a community in Hong Kong that now plays a central role in the circulation and growth of the movement.

Approximately 53% of cancer patients are diagnosed when 65 years or older, yet no attempt to explore the experience of older cancer survivors has been made. This thoughtful, respectful book seeks to reduce older cancer patients' and survivors' feeling of aloneness and of not being understood by sharing narratives of other older cancer survivors' experiences.