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The self-organization of bionanostructures into well-defined functional machineries found in nature has been a priceless source of ideas for researchers. The molecules of life, proteins, DNA, RNA, etc., as well as the structures and forms that these molecules assume serve as rich sources of ideas for scientists or engineers who are interested in developing bio-inspired materials for innovations in biomedical fields. In nature, molecular self-assembly is a process by which complex three-dimensional structures with well-defined functions are constructed, starting from simple building blocks such as proteins and peptides. This book introduces readers to the theory and mechanisms of peptide self-assembly processes. The authors present the more common peptide self-assembled building blocks and discuss how researchers from different fields can apply self-assembling principles to bionanotechnology applications. The advantages and challenges are mentioned together with examples that reflect the state of the art of the use of self-assembled peptide building blocks in nanotechnology.

This book focuses on the basic principles of digital electronics and logic design. It is designed as a textbook for undergraduate students of electronics, electrical engineering, computer science, physics, and information technology. The text covers the syllabi of several Indian and foreign universities. It depicts the comprehensive resources on the recent ideas in the area of digital electronics explored by leading experts from both industry and academia. A good number of diagrams are provided to illustrate the concepts related to digital electronics so that students can easily comprehend the subject. Solved examples within the text explain the concepts discussed and exercises are provided at the end of each chapter.

Packed with real-world examples, this book illustrates the 12 principles of green chemistry. These diverse case studies demonstrate to scientists and students that beyond the theory, the challenges of green chemistry in pharmaceutical discovery and development remain an ongoing endeavor. By informing and welcoming additional practitioners to this mission, the negative environmental impact of pharmaceutical products will continue to be minimized. Green chemistry is the methodology by which chemical production in this industry can become more efficient, adding environmental stewardship to the noble mission of treating human disease.

While several reviews and books on surface nanophotonics and fluorescence spectroscopy are available, an updated focus on molecular plasmonics, including both theoretical methods and experimental aspects, is still lacking. This handbook is a comprehensive overview on the physics of the plasmonΓÇôemitter interaction, ranging from electromagnetism to quantum mechanics, from metal-enhanced fluorescence to surface-enhanced Raman scattering, from optical microscopy to synthesis of metal nanoparticles, filling the gap in the literature of this merging field. It allows experimentalists to have a solid theoretical reference at a different level of accuracy, and theoreticians to find new stimuli for novel computational methods and emerging applications.

The book covers the basic electrospinning theory, electrospinning technologies that have potential for large scale production of nanofibers, and the functional applications of electrospun nanofibers in different fields. An important needleless electrospinning technique using a rotary fiber generator such as ball, cylinder, disc and wire coil, and the effects of the fiber generator, its shape and dimension, as well as operating parameters on electrospinning performance, fiber morphology and productivity are described. A method to calculate the electric field and analyze electric field profiles in an electrospinning zone is provided. The influence of the fiber collector on fiber quality is also discussed.

This book explains, using the example of endovascular intervention, the development of in vitro simulators for biomedical applications based on the scientific context in the robotics area and the explanation of the medical procedure to be simulated. It presents modeling methods for in vitro representation of human tissue and for representing tissue integrity during endovascular surgery simulation. Additionally, applications of this in vitro vasculature modeling technology are presented: flow control for human blood pressure simulation, computer fluid dynamics simulations using vasculature morphology, catheter insertion robot control and vasculature imaging based on magnetic trackers, and tailor-made scaffolds for blood vessel regeneration.

This book overviews the current status of research and development activities of CNTs in nanodevices, nanomaterials, or nanofabrication. This book presents 15 state-of-the-art review articles that cover CNT synthesis technologies for growing highly orientated CNTs, chirality-pure CNTs and CNTs at a large throughput and low cost, CNT assembly techniques, CNT sorting and separation processes, CNT functionalization engineering for more functionalities, CNT fundamental properties and their practical/potential electrical, electronic, optical, mechanical, chemical and biological applications.

From fundamental physics point of view, iron-based superconductors have properties that are more amenable to band structural calculations. This book reviews the progress made in this fascinating field. With contributions from leading experts, the book provides a guide to understanding materials, physical properties, and superconductivity mechanism aspects, and is important for students and beginners to have an overall view of the recent progress in this active field.

Medical device regulation in Asia has gained more importance than ever. Governments and regulatory bodies across the region have put in place new regulatory systems or refined the existing ones. A registered product requires a lot of technical documentation to prove its efficacy, safety, and quality. A smooth and successful registration process demands soft skills for dealing with various key stakeholders in the government, testing centers, and hospitals and among doctors. Handbook of Medical Device Regulatory Affairs in Asia covers medical device regulatory systems in different countries, ISO standards for medical devices, clinical trial and regulatory requirements, and documentation for application. Government bodies, the medical device industry, and academics and students will find this book immensely useful in understanding the global regulatory environment and in their research and development projects.

This book highlights the outstanding role of hydrogen in energy processes, where it is the most functional element due to its unique peculiarities that are highlighted and emphasized in the book. The first half of the book covers the great natural hydrogen processes in biology, chemistry, and physics, showing that hydrogen is a trend that can unite all natural sciences. The second half of the book is devoted to the technological hydrogen processes that are under research and development with the aim to create the infrastructure for hydrogen energetics. The book describes the main features of hydrogen that make it inalienable player in processes such as fusion, photosynthesis, and metabolism. It also covers the methods of hydrogen production and storage, highlighting at the same time the exclusive importance of nanotechnologies in those processes.

Nanotechnology brings new possibilities for the development of sensors, biosensors, and novel electrochemical bioassays. Nanoscale materials have been extensively used in a wide variety of configurations-as electrode surfaces to promote electrochemical reaction, as "wires" to enzymes connecting their redox centers to electrode surface, as nanobarcodes for biomolecules, or as tags to amplify the signal of a biorecognition event. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors have been used in many areas, including cancer diagnostics and the detection of infectious organisms. This book reviews important achievements in the field of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors.

Considerable attention has been paid to ion beam sputtering as an effective way to fabricate self-organized nano-patterns on various substrates. The significance of this method for patterning surfaces is that the technique is fast, simple, and less expensive. The possibility to create patterns on very large areas at once makes it even more attractive. This book reviews various fascinating results, understand the underlying physics of ion induced pattern formation, to highlight the potential applications of the patterned surfaces, and to explore the patterning behavior by different irradiation parameters in order to create desired surface morphologies on specific materials.

This handbook provides students with the communication skills they will need to further their careers. It provides self-assessments, a structure for planning, and the skills required for starting a career. The handbook highlights the main issues that have to be taken in consideration when planning a career. More essentially, it provides directions on how to acquire the skills and competences that are needed after completing education at the university.

The convergence of two powerful technologies¿wireless and the Internet¿through IPv4/v6 protocol has led to emergence of next-generation networks (NGNs). NGN is no more a network of mere computers but a connected conglomeration of varied networks with diverse physical properties, with a plethora of network elements, along with a variety of real-time multimedia applications. This book covers the entire gamut of technology challenges from physical layer to application layer including security from both academic and industrial perspectives.

With an emphasis on the newer technologies in development, this book covers a spectrum of topics in the diagnostics and monitoring of viral ailments. The book emphasizes optical fiber and electrochemical immunosensors, reverse genetics, and luminescent molecular imprints of neutrophil biomarkers. The contributors comprise experts from the fields of epidemiology, biotechnology, virology, industry, technologists, and the clinics. With coverage of viruses ranging from influenza to emerging Ebola virus, this text provides readers with a survey of various aspects of the field as well as a glimpse of future possibilities.

Research in adsorption of gases by carbon nanomaterials has experienced considerable growth in recent years, with increasing interest for practical applications. Many research groups are now producing or using such materials for gas adsorption, storage, purification, and sensing. This book provides a selected overview of some of the most interesting scientific results regarding the outstanding properties of carbon nanomaterials for gas adsorption and of interest both for basic research and technological applications. Topics receiving special attention in this book include storage of H, purification of H, storage of rare gases, adsorption of organic vapors, gas trapping and separation, and metrology of gas adsorption.

This book focuses on new microspheres and microcapsules specifically designed and prepared for application in the fields of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals involving bioreaction, bioseparation, bioformulation, biodetection, and other new bioapplications. It provides a deep knowledge about the principles of design, preparation methods, and application results of new microspheres and microcapsules for each bioapplication area. The book also presents problems that need to be studied further and comments on the future prospects of microspheres and microcapsules.

This book concentrates on the various fields related to the development of a nanobiosensor and presents the latest information from renowned experts. It focuses on the enhanced spectroscopy, including SERS, SEIRA/SEIRS, and near-field optics, and the related physical processes (optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, plasmon resonance, field enhancement, etc.). Some applications in the biological and medical field are presented to show the potential of such techniques as sensors if combined with functionalization.

This book focuses on the recent research progress on the fundamental understanding of the materials degradation phenomena in PEFC, for automotive applications. On a multidisciplinary basis, through contributions of internationally recognized researchers in the field, this book provides a complete critical review on crucial scientific topics related to PEFC materials degradation, and ensures a strong balance between experimental and theoretical analysis and preparation techniques with several practical applications for both the research and the industrial communities.

looks at the SP waveguide configurations ensuring nanoscale confinement, considering different configurations being developed for nanoscale plasmonic guides and circuits. This work reviews fundamental physics and application aspects of plasmonics. It focuses on a subfield of plasmonics dealing with subwavelength (nanoscale) waveguiding.