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In recent years, utilization of the abundant advantages of quantum physics, quantum dots, quantum wires, quantum wells, and nanocrystals has attracted considerable scientific attention in the field of nonvolatile memory. Nanocrystals are the driving element that have brought the nonvolatile flash memory technology to a distinguished height. However, new approaches are still required to strengthen this technology for future applications. This book details the methods of fabrication of nanocrystals and their application in baseline nonvolatile memory and emerging nonvolatile memory technologies.

An introductory text designed to acquaint undergraduate and graduate students with the basic theory and interpretative techniques of mass spectrometry. It presents the mass spectra of the major classes of organic compounds and correlates the fragmentation pattern of each spectrum with the structural features of the compound it represents.

Devices based on disordered semiconductors have wide applications. This textbook connects characteristic features of the atomic and electronic structures of disordered semiconductors and the device design process on the basis of these materials.

The book provides details of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces and discusses methods of fabrication of these surfaces based on the organic¿inorganic nanohybrids. It covers recent applications of these surfaces, especially in environmental and energy applications. It is very useful in understanding the surface property of various materials and their potential applications and is a valuable guide for graduate students and scientists who have a background in chemistry, chemical engineering, material science and engineering, nanotechnology, surface science and engineering, and industrial coating application areas.

Demonstrates that there is much to be learned about the optics of nanomaterials. Through comparative analysis of the size-dependent optical response from nanomaterials, this shows that although strides have been made in computational chemistry and physics, bridging length scales from nano to macro remains a major challenge.

This book presents the current state of the art of understanding the physics of optical gain in organic systems and provides a complete description of the most recent advances in organic lasers, including both the structures currently closest to application as well as the fascinating and unconventional systems. It starts with the basic aspects of the optical gain process and then progressively introduces the most advanced research topics, discussing the state of the art of active material development and the physics and development of fascinating systems for organic lasers, such as random lasers and microcavities in strong coupling, and many more.

The main content of the book is devoted to the basics of classical mechanics, quantum chemistry methods for molecular disordered materials, classical methods of molecular simulations of disordered materials, vibronic interactions, and applications (presented as multiscale strategy for atomistic simulation of photonic materials).

This book starts with the general physics of surface plasmons and a brief introduction of the most prominent research topics, followed by computational techniques for light scattering by small particles. Then, a few special topics are highlighted, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering, optical nanoantennas, optical force, plasmonic waveguides and circuits, and gain-assisted plasmon resonances and propagation. The book also discusses the fundamental and representative properties and research in this field, which can help graduate students and researchers get a quick introduction to this field.

The book will contain the synthesis, characterization, and applications of various Ruthenium complexes as chemotherapeutic agents. The book will also cover the introduction to chemotherapy, classification of Ru- complexes with respect to their oxidation states and geometry, Ruthenium complexes of nano size: shape and binding- selectivity, binding of ruthenium complexes with DNA, DNA cleavage studies and cytotoxicity.

The growth of power electronics, centering on inverters and converters as its key system topology, has accelerated recently due to the demand for efficient power conversion. This growth has also been backed up by several evolutionary changes and breakthroughs achieved in the areas of power semiconductor device physics, process technology, and design. The book is filled with unique topics related to power semiconductors, including tips on state-of-the-art and futuristic-oriented applications. Numerous diagrams, illustrations, and graphics are included to adequately support the content and to make the book extremely attractive as a practical and user-friendly.

Low-dimensional compounds are molecules that correspond to various shapes such as rod, ladder (one-dimensional compounds), and sheet (two-dimensional compounds). They are ordinarily found in electromagnetic fields.

In this book, we introduce Bio-TRIZ and ontology engineering to match and find technologies needed for spiritually affluent lifestyles. This book provides many examples of Japanese cities that conducted lifestyle design projects based on nature technology.

Capacitance spectroscopy refers to techniques for characterizing the electrical properties of semiconductor materials, junctions, and interfaces, all from the dependence of device capacitance on frequency, time, temperature, and electric potential. This book includes 15 chapters written by world-recognized, leading experts in the field, academia, national institutions, and industry, divided into four sections: Physics, Instrumentation, Applications, and Emerging Techniques. The first section establishes the fundamental framework relating capacitance and its allied concepts of conductance, admittance, and impedance to the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors. The second section reviews the electronic principles of capacitance measurements used by commercial products, as well as custom apparatus. The third section details the implementation in various scientific fields and industries, such as photovoltaics and electronic and optoelectronic devices. The last section presents the latest advances in capacitance-based electrical characterization aimed at reaching nanometer-scale resolution.

Immunology has emerged as a key component of the curricula of graduate and postgraduate courses in biotechnology, microbiology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, and other interdisciplinary fields of biology, including zoology, veterinary science, and medicine.

3D cell culture is yet to be adopted and exploited to its full potential. It promises to upgrade and bring our understanding about human physiology to the highest level with the scope of applying the knowledge for better diagnosis as well as therapeutics. The focus of this book is on the direct impact of novel technologies and their evolution into viable products for the benefit of human race. It also describes the fundamentals of cell microenvironment to bring forth the relevance of 3D cell culture in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

This book emphasizes and summarizes the novel design of soft matters for nanocatalysts or supports for nanocatalysts. The diversity or specialty of soft matters offers a new perspective and great promise for the development of new nanocatalytic systems for future requirements.

This book is the first attempt to systematically present the knowledge and research progress of phosphorene, another elemental 2D material that can be exfoliated by mechanical or liquid methods as the intensively studied graphene.

Quantum mechanics is presented in six groups of postulates. A chapter is devoted to each group of postulates with a detailed discussion. Systems with superselection rules, and some conceptual issues such as quantum paradoxes and measurement, are also discussed.

This book presents the latest developments in this field, especially the advances in the detection of diseases using newly developed PA techniques. Organized in seven chapters, it covers philosophy and technological fundamentals of photoacoustics, key techniques related to fast PA imaging, PA microscopy.

This monograph is unique compared with its equivalents in the market in respect of its scope as it contains introductory sections to most of the important topics on nanomaterials optics. This feature broadens its readership from engineers and researchers, working in the field of materials science and optics.

This book presents the recent progress in the field of nanocomposites and their properties, fabrication methods, and applications for pollution control and sensing. It discusses the advances in pollution control techniques made possible because of nanocomposites and focuses on environment-friendly and efficient approaches. The text also covers economic, toxicological, and regulatory issues and research trends.

The book presents the basics of THz-TDS, including latest and interesting research on THz domain. It overviews the main classical far-infrared techniques and describes a variety of THz-TDS setups. It provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction procedures that are used to calculate the permittivity.

This book sketches out approaches for both the efficient, non-thermal use of energy and the molecular extraction of solutes, primarily from aqueous solution, for purification, pollution control, and resource extraction. It also notes some long-term implications for resource demand; in particular, defect-free fabrication at the molecular level is ultimately likely to make structural metals obsolete.

The book concerns a very close interrelationship between graphene physics and chemistry as expressed via typical spin effects of a chemical physics origin. Based on quantum-chemical computations, the book is nevertheless addressed to the reflection of physical reality and it is aimed at an understanding of what constitutes graphene as an object of material science - sci graphene - on the one hand, and as a working material- high tech graphene - for a variety of attractive applications largely discussed and debated in the press, on the other.