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The rapid development of technology based on metamaterials coupled with the recent introduction of the transformation optics technique provides an unprecedented ability for device designers to manipulate and control the behavior of electromagnetic wave phenomena. Many of the early metamaterial designs, such as negative index materials and electromagnetic bandgap surfaces, were limited to operation only over a very narrow bandwidth. However, recent groundbreaking work reported by several international research groups on the development of broadband metamaterials has opened up the doors to an exciting frontier in the creation of new devices for applications ranging from radio frequencies to visible wavelengths. This book contains a collection of eight chapters that cover recent cutting-edge contributions to the theoretical, numerical, and experimental aspects of broadband metamaterials.

Telechelic polymers have garnered a great deal of scientific interest due to their reactive chain-end functions. This comprehensive book compiles and details the basic principles of and cutting-edge research in telechelic polyesters, polycarbonates, and polyethers, ranging from synthesis to applications. It discusses general strategies toward telechelic polymers, centered on the fundamental aspects of polycondensation reactions, of cationic, anionic, coordination-insertion, and activated monomer mechanisms of the metal-, enzyme-, or otherwise organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of cyclic monomers, and of postpolymerization chemical modification methods of polymer precursors. All main classes of polymers are covered separately, comprising polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly(╬╡-caprolactone)s, poly(lactic acid)s, polylactides, polycarobnates, and polyethers, including synthetic approaches as well as some illustrative, up-to-date examples and uses. The book also addresses applications of hydroxyl, thiol, amino, or acrylate/methacrylate end-capped polymers as starting materials for the preparation of diverse polymer architectures ranging from block, graft, and star-shaped polymers and micelles to precursors for ATRP macroinitiators, polyurethane copolymers, shape-memory polymers, or nanosized drug delivery systems. The book will appeal to advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students of polymer science; researchers in macromolecular science, especially those with an interest in functional and reactive polymers; and polymer chemists in academia and industry.

This book reviews representative polymer nanocomposite systems, focusing on the roles of nanodispersion, interfacial structures, and properties of polymer matrix materials in the dielectric properties and energy storage performance. The book reviews various dielectric relaxation models applicable to the analysis of polymer nanocomposites. It compiles the recent progress in new dielectric polymer nanocomposites based on biomaterials and hybrid nanomaterial systems for advanced dielectric applications.

This book deals with evolving intelligence systems and their use in immune algorithm (IM), particle swarm optimization (PSO), bacterial foraging (BF), and hybrid intelligent system to improve plants, robots, etc. It discusses the motivation behind research on and background of evolving intelligence systems and illustrates IM-based approach for parameter estimation required for designing an intelligent system. It approaches optimal intelligent tuning using a hybrid genetic algorithmΓÇôparticle swarm optimization (GA-PSO) and illustrates hybrid GA-PSO for intelligent tuning of vector system.

This book illustrates interfacial properties, preparation, characterization, devices, and applications from the standpoint of nano-interfacial tailoring. Since the primary focus of the book is on the use of nanocomposite dielectrics in electrical applications, chapters are devoted to directly relevant topics, such as surface and bulk breakdown processes. However, the mechanisms that underpin such behavior are not unique. Therefore, the book also addresses related topics that range from the chemistry of polymer and nanocomposite degradation to the simulation of charge transport dynamics in disordered materials, thereby presenting a multi- and interdisciplinary approach to the area. It will serve as a practical handbook or graduate textbook and is supplemented by ample number of illustrations, case studies, practical examples, and historical perspectives.

Nanoelectronics is changing the way the world communicates, and is transforming our daily lives. Continuing MooreΓÇÖs law and miniaturization of low-power semiconductor chips with ever-increasing functionality have been relentlessly driving R&D of new devices, materials, and process capabilities to meet performance, power, and cost requirements. This book covers up-to-date advances in research and industry practices in nanometrology, critical for continuing technology scaling and product innovation. It holistically approaches the subject matter and addresses emerging and important topics in semiconductor R&D and manufacturing. It is a complete guide for metrology and diagnostic techniques essential for process technology, electronics packaging, and product development and debuggingΓÇöa unique approach compared to other books. The authors are from academia, government labs, and industry and have vast experience and expertise in the topics presented. The book is intended for all those involved in IC manufacturing and nanoelectronics and for those studying nanoelectronics process and assembly technologies or working in device testing, characterization, and diagnostic techniques.

This book discusses the vital role of chemistry in everyday life and encourages readers to understand how the knowledge of chemistry is important for the development of society and a better future. It covers the historical aspects of chemistry.

Materials with superhydrophobic or related properties are one of the most studied subjects from a theoretical point of view and also for the large range of possible applications, for example, anticorrosion, antibacteria, optical devices, and sensors. The study of natural species with special wettability has shown us the importance of surface structures and the surface energy of the resulting surface properties. This book will be useful for graduate students of materials chemistry and physics and for researchers in surface science, nanostructures, and bioinspired or biomimetic materials.

The 39 self-contained sections in this book present worked-out examples as well as many sample problems on algebra, probability, and number theory. Detailed solutions to all problems are provided at the end of each chapter. The book focuses on guiding students through creative problem-solving and on teaching them to apply their knowledge in a wide variety of scenarios rather than rote memorization of mathematical facts. It is aimed at, but not limited to, high-performing middle school students and goes further in depth and teaches new concepts not otherwise taught in traditional public schools.

This book, a fiction, deals with how young women who have inherited BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations deal with their impending breast or ovarian cancers. Many women¿actress Angelina Jolie is an example because she wrote about her struggle with the inheritance of such mutations in an op-ed to the New York Times¿follow her example in surgically removing their breasts and ovaries. The book also provides a glimpse of how cancer may be treated in the future through oral consumption of food, rather than going through highly expensive and toxic chemotherapy and radiation.

This book describes at the introductory level how modern technology has made the scenario of the classic science-fiction movie Fantastic Voyage about a submarine and its crew members being shrunk to microscopic size and ventured into the body, a reality. Exactly 50 years following the release of the film, such reality takes the form of a medical interventional room capable of mimicking this scenario. Based on 15 years of intensive research and development by the world-leading team in this specific field, the book goes through the scenes of the movie and while explaining how it is implemented in this first-of-a-kind interventional facility.

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer is a powerful Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast mechanism with unique features. This is the first authoritative textbook covering all aspects of CEST imaging. The rapid expansion that CEST imaging has seen over the past 16 years since the seminal Ward and Balaban paper in 2000 has created a need for a graduate-level handbook that describes the wide assortment of issues that come in to play when trying to apply CEST imaging to medicine.

This book covers almost all fields of cancer genetics and genomics for personalized medicine. Surely, the one-fits-all approach does not work anymore for disease treatment. Targeted therapy or precision medicine or personalized medicine is becoming a standard for many disease treatments including cancer. However, how much do we know about the personalized medicine approach? This book will help undergraduate/graduate students, professional researchers, and clinicians to better understand the key concept of personalized medicine.

This book contains information about advanced nanomaterials that can be produced without harming the environment or human health. This encompasses the production of nanomaterials without environmental toxicity, at room temperature and with the use of renewable energy sources. The book contains the descriptions and results of theoretical and experimental researches in the field of environment friendly nanotechnology carried out over the past decade by the scientific team of company Polymate Ltd.-International Nanotechnology Center (Israel) under the leadership of Prof. O. Figovsky.

This book provides an overview over compound semiconductor materials and their technology. After presenting some theoretical background, the relevant material preparation technologies for bulk and thin layer epitaxial growth are described. Then it briefly discusses the electrical, optical and structural properties of these semiconductors, complemented by a description of the most popular respective characterization tools before more complex hetero and low-dimensional structures are discussed.

Investors are often looked upon as one homogeneous group of people with money ready to invest; however, this group is very diverse. In some ways, investors are like car buyers who seek common denominators in a car, such as the engine, wheels, brakes and seats, but the car they end up buying depends on personal preferences, needs and the money available. For investors the common denominator is the good business case, the ''engine, wheels, brakes, seats'' being a comprehensive business plan. However, which business case they will prefer in the end depends on their personal preference and financial capacity. How to Attract Investors takes the reader into the minds of the investors, addressing many of the challenges connected to investor search and negotiation and living with investors as co-owners. Even the finest skills of the brightest entrepreneurs wouldn''t be complete without the knowledge of the investor''s mind. This is the book that unravels it, layer by layer.

This book is the first to give an exhaustive overview of the structures, properties, current and possible future applications of diamondoids. The first part introduces the structures of diamondoids and gives an overview of their principal chemical and physical properties and a brief historical account, from the discovery of the first diamondoid member to the isolation of higher diamondiods. Then, current synthesis approaches and challenges in obtaining diamondoids in higher quantities are shown. Finally, approaches to generating plasmas in high-pressure and supercritical media are described.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current progress in muscle contraction and cell motility research. It discusses structural, mechanical, and biochemical characteristics of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles, and cell motility. The experimental objects of the studies described in this volume extend from humans to molecules. A distinct feature of this volume is that, in some chapters, evidence against the textbook view is presented, showing how well-established dogma can be denied by an unexpected discovery. This book is as interesting as it is informative for general readers and young scientists alike, and it is sure to inspire both to challenge the enticing mysteries that still remain in this exciting research field.

The discovery and fabrication of new materials have opened the gate for new research fields in science and technology. The novel method of fabricating graphene, a purely 2D carbon lattice, and the discovery of the phenomenon of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic multilayers are not exceptions. The latter has brought about the creation of the new technological field of spintronics, which utilizes both spin and charge degrees of freedom of electrons. As for the former, many applications have been proposed; however, no practical devices have yet been developed in the field of spintronics. The aim of this book is to provide possible hints to overcome the difficulties in graphene applications in the field of spintronics by comparing the physical properties of graphene and magnetoresistive (MR) phenomena in spintronics. The book will be useful for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students of physics, chemistry, and materials science and young researchers in nanotechnology and the field of spintronics.

The literature so far has reviewed only single-crystal and, up to some extent, optical ceramic scintillators. This book introduces and describes in detail the research and development in thin-film scintillators, glass ceramics, as well as nanocomposite and optical ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. It also features an example of an in-depth study of a powder phosphor material. Both technology description and various characterization aspects are provided together with application hints.