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From the moment its last king was expelled (traditionally in 753 BC), the Roman republic had to fight for its very survival. Centuries of almost continuous warfare saw Rome's armies evolve in response to a wide variety of threats which were met with mixed fortunes though always with ultimate success.

X Flight was designated the task of giving close air support to the desert army formed and commanded by Lawrence of Arabia. It flew from advanced desert landing grounds on reconnaissance, liaison, bombing and ground attack missions.

In the early modern world three dominant cultures of war were shaped by a synergy of their internal and external interactions. One was Latin Christian western Europe. Another was Ottoman Islam.

Tony Chapman was born in Southampton in 1924. Aged 16 he watched with horror as the historic High Street of Southampton burnt to the ground in a firestorm caused by a heavy German bombing raid on the night of 30 November 1940. He vowed to join up and fight back. Tony joined the Navy.

This is the history of Air Intercept (AI) radar and its use in night-fighters in defense of the UK and in the protection of RAF bomber forces. It is set against the political, military, economic and technological background of world events.

Clandestine radio operators had one of the most dangerous jobs of World War 2.

The history of Enigma is of interest to many researchers and authors on an international scale. The capture and unraveling of the most hidden secret of the army of the Third Reich that was decisive for the fate of one of the greatest armed conflicts in the history of the world appeals to everyone from the avid historian to Hollywood. So far, other authors' attention has focused on the technical and cryptological issues of Enigma functioning, the fate of the Bletchley Park facility, or Alan Turing's story. Most of the attention was devoted to the events during the Second World War and it is the time frame of this conflict that usually begins and ends the story of Enigma. The First Enigma Codebreaker raises an issue that has never been discussed in greater detail in both international and Polish literature, the story of Marian Rejewski. This biography answers the questions: in what conditions was the ""Enigma conqueror"" brought up, in what circumstances did he manage to decode the machine, what happened to him during the Second World War and why he never ended up in Bletchley Park, what price he had to pay for his discovery in the communist Poland and what he did to make the world know the true history of Enigma. This is the story of a man who made a revolution in cryptology, about the rivalry between man and machine, about powerful history affecting individual lives, and about the life of Marian Rejewski whose story is still waiting to be presented to the public.

The American Revolutionary War, fought two hundred fifty years ago between Britain's North American colonies and the British colonial government, was a conflict of global significance. It had a profound influence on the history of the United States, Britain, and the wider world, and an enormous body of literature has been devoted to the subject. Yet there is no comprehensive account of the military medicine practiced during the war, which is why this thorough, graphic, and highly readable study by Martin Howard is so timely and valuable. His account describes the medical story of the War between Lexington and Yorktown in absorbing detail. He covers the key military events, the medicine and surgery of the period, and the medical departments of the opposing armies. The narrative is enriched by the vivid eyewitness testimonies of soldiers, doctors, and civilians. Previously neglected topics such as biological warfare and the impact of disease on black soldiers and the Native American population are explored. The human toll of epidemic disease had a significant impact on the outcome of the war and vital lessons were learned. The war was associated with improvements in military medicine and the professionalization of American medicine. Martin Howard's ambitious work will be stimulating reading for all students of the American Revolutionary War, particularly those with a special interest in the history of medicine.

This book is the first comprehensive listing of these ships in English and covers the development of all the naval vessels owned or deployed by Spain during the period of the Bourbon monarchy from 1700 to 1860 (including the period of French control during the Napoleonic Wars), but it also sets the scene for that period by summarizing the origins of Spanish naval development under the preceding Habsburg regime.

Heavily illustrated with 200 photographs, detailed diagrams and original plans.

British Coastal Forces: Two World Wars and After is the first comprehensive study on the subject. Using contemporary official material, much of which has not been used previously, and published memoirs, Norman Friedman connects the technical story of the coastal craft and their weapons and other innovations with the way they fought. In both world wars much of the technology was at the edge of what was feasible at the time. Boats incorporated considerable British innovation and benefited from important U.S. contributions, particularly in supplying high-powered engines during World War II. In contrast with larger warships, British coastal forces craft were essentially shaped by a few builders, and their part in the story is given full credit. This book contains all the sophisticated analysis for which Friedman is so well known and a superb collection of illustrations including detailed plans by John Lambert. Like other books in this series, this one is based very heavily on contemporary official material, much of which has not been used previously - like the extensive reports of U.S naval observers, who were allowed wide access to the Royal Navy as early as 1940.

The backbone of the Roman army was the infantry, armed with a javelin, or pilum, and sword, or gladius. This study investigates not just the weapon itself, and its design and manufacture, but how the sword was originally conceived and how it was employed on the battlefield as an expression of the Roman state.

Captain F J Walker, RN, did more than any other man at sea to win the Battle of the Atlantic, a vicious and unrelenting struggle which Churchill described as the dominating factor throughout World War Two.

Told by the children who survived, these stories could well be the last eyewitness report of the aftermath of the Second World War.

The story of 144 Brigade's defense of Wormhoudt and Bambecque must rank in importance alongside the defense of Cassel and Hazebrouck by 145 Brigade; however, what is often forgotten in the uncertainty that surrounded Wormhoudt and Bambeque is the heroic defense of West Cappel and Vwyfeg...

This book is a visual and informative look at the heritage of the touring caravan covering over a 100 years of this now very popular form of leisure.

Major Paul Harding was the most senior officer to be killed in action during the Iraq campaign.

The victory at El Alamein proved to be the turning point of the War against Hitler and led to the victory in North Africa.

Stuart Crawford's personal memoir traces a military career of 20 years in the 4th Royal Tank Regiment (Scotland's Own).

Sustainable gardening results in the creation of an environmentally friendly area in which natural predators thrive and soils are naturally replenished. The book helps you with places you may not think of looking for free and cheap material, such as reclamation yards, factories, restaurants and hospitals.

Operation Höss or Aktion Höss was the codename for the mass deportation of Hungarian Jews and their murder in the gas chambers of Birkenau extermination camp.