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A tribute to Henry W. Sullivan in celebration of his 80th birthday, this volume encompasses a wide spectrum of Hispanic literary scholarship to honor a prolific scholar whose contributions have been extensive, not only as a Golden Age Hispanist but also as a devoted Lacanian scholar, literary critic, translator, poet, novelist, playwright, and composer. The title of the collection comes directly from Sullivan¿s recent study on tragic drama in the Golden Age of Spain. Even though the ¿ghost¿ he attempts to lay there is the critical controversy around defining and classifying tragedy among Spanish classic comedias, the label extends and applies to Sullivan¿s lifelong commitment to the relevance of Spanish drama of the Golden Age within the universal canon, especially from an English-language perspective. Moreover, his arguments are easily applicable in defense of the Humanities and the significance of Literature amid the unwelcome structural changes in Academia.

Nicholas of Cusa (1401¿1464), thinker, polymath, and cardinal, had a long-standing interest in Islam. To date, however, no work has satisfactorily dealt with his volatile attitude towards the Islamic faith and the Ottoman Turks. This book revisits Nicholas of Cusäs attitude towards Islam, criticizing previous work that has overlooked Cusäs involvement in preparations for a crusade, and the significance of Cusäs polemical A Scrutiny of the Koran (Cribratio Alkorani) of 1461. The book also addresses the prevailing image of Cusa as a dove of peace and champion of interreligious dialogue, and suggests an alternative and more complex picture which takes account of Cusäs crusading activities and his attitude towards Muslims and Jews.A significant new study, Nicolas of Cusa and Mohammed will appeal to students and scholars interested in the Renaissance, Humanism, church¿state relations, the history of the crusades, and Nicholas of Cusäs life and works."Nathan Ron sets the record straight about Nicholas of Cusa as so-called pioneer of ¿inter-religious dialogue¿ based on a close reading of the irenic Peace of Faith and the polemical Scrutiny of the Koran, together with his role in mounting a crusade for Pope Pius II."¿Gerald Christianson, Professor Emeritus of Church History, United Lutheran Seminary, Gettysburg; Past President, American Cusanus Society"Nicholas of Cusa often is presented as a champion of interreligious dialogue. This book rightly brings to the fore Cusanus¿ often harsh polemic against Islam and his role in Pius II¿s crusade against the Turks."¿Thomas Izbicki, Humanities librarian emeritus, Rutgers University

This book aims to provide a detailed study of young adult fiction concentrating on Mexican teenage (im)migrants to the United States and their search for identity. In its quest to define young adult (im)migration literature as a genre, the first chapter combines and questions classifications provided by literary scholars and educational scientists. The second chapter explores crucial factors which impact the protagonists¿ transcultural identity construction. The third chapter engages in theory mixing: Louise Rosenblatt¿s reader-response theory, the critical literacy approach of the New London Group, influences from the field of cultural studies and a model of literary competences are merged into an innovative theoretical framework that forms the basis of the teaching sequence presented.

When the Norman and Breton armateurs sent their ships to the New World in the sixteenth century, they had faith that through the ability to negotiate with the Indigenous peoples with whom they sought to trade, the leaders of these expeditions would return to Saint-Malo or Dieppe with precious cargo. Among these were brazilwood (used to dye cloth), chinaroot (to relieve symptoms of the pox), and furs for the European market. Storms or attacks by hostile vessels could destroy or reduce the value of the profit, but over the years the financial return proved advantageous. How and why this risky but profitable venture fell into the hands of Breton and Norman financiers lies at the heart of our story. The consequences of their investment in Brazil, Canada, and Florida would change the world, and the strategies used by the merchant mariners they sent out were key to the success of their enterprise. Seeing and Knowing the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas: Exchange and Alliance Between France and the New World During the French Wars of Religion is the first analysis of accounts or relations by French naval expeditions to focus on specific strategies of encounter and trade from Canada to Brazil, including the area of Florida and South Carolina. Since the expeditions took place during the French Wars of Religion an effort is made to examine how differences of religion and character affected the success of the alliance and exchange. The work is suitable for inclusion in undergraduate/graduate French, history, cultural studies, or anthropology courses.

Violence and media are important issues in media theories and research. In the research conducted with the participation of 400 university students, the effects of the concepts of digital media literacy, cyber violence and emotional deafness (alexithymia) on the perception of individuals as justification violence are discussed as factors that cause individuals to perceive violence as legitimate through communication tools. It was determined that variables of being cyberbullying victim, being a cyberbully, digital media literacy and alexithymia (emotional deafness) were explanatory effects on the justification of cyber violence. It has come to the point that the use of digital media literacy and conscious internet using are important in order to prevent justification of cyber harassment.

Tomoo Otaka (1899¿1956) studied philosophy at the University of Kyoto in the mid-1920s. The Grundlegung der Lehre vom sozialen Verband [Foundation of a theory of social association] was the product of a three-year European visit (1929¿1932) in which he studied in Vienna with Hans Kelsen and in Freiburg with Edmund Husserl.Otaka deployed Husserl¿s theory of knowledge to criticise the work of various contemporary German sociologists, arguing that there was a need to reframe social scientifi c research. He also criticised Kelsen¿s pure law theory, presenting a different view of the nature and function of law within and between nation states. He promoted an ontological science of society, but his book offered a philosophy of social science without applying that science to itself.In his Introduction to his translation, Derek Robbins (author of The Bourdieu paradigm, 2019) suggests that assessing Otakäs text and its context contributes to an understanding of the development of Bourdieüs conceptual apparatus. In turn, the application of Bourdieüs thinking to Otakäs theory generates the refl exivity which it requires but did not offer.The volume comprises three Parts: an Introduction, the translated text, and a collection of commentaries from four international scholars who offer invaluable insights into Otakäs work from different perspectives.

The book explores finite and nonfinite clausal verb complementation in World Englishes. It provides an assessment of the influence of language contact, simplicity and transparency, geographical proximity, and evolutionary phase on this alternation. On the one hand, a quantitative analysis of GloWbE data through different statistical tests proves the effects of these factors on the choice between finite that-clauses and nonfinite -ing clauses. A number of intra-linguistic factors are also considered as potential explanatory factors. On the other hand, a detailed, manual, qualitative analysis results in the discovery of a series of new verb complementation structures available in English varieties around the world.

This book adopts a qualitative research methodology to explore novice teachers¿ professional development (TPD) under the background of the New Curriculum Reform in mainland China. With a purposeful sampling strategy, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data from twelve novice primary school teachers. As the specific design of the qualitative method and research procedures have been demonstrated, this book could be reading material for courses such as Qualitative Research Methodology and would be beneficial for undergraduate and postgraduate students learning qualitative research.In addition, this book provides suggestions for pre-service and novice teachers. The study found that although TPD programs and better welfare are desirable, collegial support from seniors, internet resources and online courses, and self-reflection were more direct and effective in enhancing professional growth and reducing negative emotions that developed from challenges in classroom management, workload, and accountability. This book also suggests three directions for the future development of TPD to school leaders and policymakers. First, more training on classroom management and time management is helpful as poor classroom management and excessive workload were the causes of teacher burnout. Second, more school-level mentoring is wanted because it is considered more effective than the state and individual-level opportunities of TPD. Third, more development opportunities for teachers in rural areas are required to improve their professional competence and narrow their gap with their urban counterparts.

«This work highlights the need for a holistic approach to the confounding issues confronting the region, confronting our age. In reminding us of the many vulnerabilities and vitalities of Oceanian communities and island worlds, it shows the potential for dialogue between disciplines and consilience between academic scholarship and local community understandings. The collection¿s clarion call for a new ¿ecosystem of knowledge¿ is utterly timely.»(Alexander Mawyer, Director, Center for Pacific Islands Studies, University of Hawai¿i)«This work breaks the barriers imposed by language and distinctive intellectual traditions in presenting a wide-ranging selection of current work from the South Pacific in the humanities, social and natural sciences. Of particular significance is the fact that Francophone as well as Anglophone scholars are represented. This gathering of minds, a meritorious initiative of the University of French Polynesia, is an invitation to ¿think the Pacific¿ in the vein of pioneer Oceanian intellectuals like Epeli Haüofa and Jean-Marie Tjibaou.»(Eric Waddell, Adjunct Professor, Université Laval, and Chercheur invité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Nouméa)This work, an initiative of the University of French Polynesia, Tahiti, showcases research collaboration between small island universities in the Pacific. It addresses a number of «big issues» for Oceania which are also big issues for the world, concerning the biosphere and human society, sustainable development and well-being. The authors seek to create an ecosystem of knowledge through a dialogue, in English and French, between the natural sciences, the social sciences and the humanities.The work also brings into perspective academic and traditional knowledge, with a view to enhancing cultural and agricultural practices and the development of public policy.Climate change, environmental degradation and food security are key questions for survival. How can the preservation of cultural heritage, the transmission of native languages and the integration of traditional knowledge into formal education contribute to a harmonious future? How is the phenomenon of violence relevant to an understanding of history, interpersonal relations and social inclusiveness, including for women in the political sphere?The Tongan-Fijian writer Epeli Haüofa described Oceania imaginatively as a «Sea of Islands». This volume sees Pacific islands as being interconnected in ways beyond imagining, in which nowhere is remote, where the peripheral has become a decentred centre.

The use of digital technologies in education is providing both teachers and students with new and innovative forms of support for learning different subjects. Digital games are also bringing multiple benefits to the classroom, especially in the realm of foreign and second language teaching and learning. Different studies have shown that digital technologies and gaming can enhance students¿ learning and acquisition skills and knowledge. This book presents the research and studies carried out by different academics, primarily professors and researchers, from various universities around the world. Through their work, these scholars employ different tools and methodologies to explore the applications and implications of new digital technologies and gaming for the teaching, learning and use of language.

This book develops the challenges that history teaching must face as a curricular subject at the beginning of the 21st century. These challenges are related, both to new epistemological approaches in history education, and also to the development of new activities, active-learning methodologies, and historical thinking competencies. In terms of new approaches, this book suggests activities regarding invisible topics such as social and economic impacts in history, inequalities, church and science, gender equality, power and violence, prosecuted by justice, peasantry and the urban world, family and daily life, terror or travelers and their cross-currents. Regarding the activities, the incidence of new technologies in social relations and the effects of globalization is very remarkable for our students. The authors highlight the need for changes in teaching and learning history.

This book focuses on the linguistic needs of university students enrolled in English Medium Instruction (EMI) programmes in which disciplinary subjects are taught in English, a practice that has significantly risen over the last 20 years. It includes seven online, self-study modules (Creating outlines, concept maps, writing definitions, writing summaries, reporting data, the language of presentations and writing abstracts) that were designed after conducting specific research into students¿ needs in terms of academic genres and language functions. All these modules were piloted with students in different degree programmes. The piloting confirmed the suitability of the materials for EMI undergraduate and postgraduate learners and the benefits of following a genre-based approach in this specific context.

The construction of Eurasia is a challenge for analysts due to its rapid progress from a Europe Asia Meeting (ASEM, 1996+) to a Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU, 2015+), an applied cross-continental Land New Silk Road since 2013-2015. Yet, in the same period, the crisis around Ukraine (2014+), a gradual then hasty withdrawal from Afghanistan by ISAF forces (2011-2021), the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with Iran (2015), now a full member of the SCO since 2021¿ diplomatic decisions and interstate practical schemes seem to exceed the capacity of observers to theorise quickly enough what is happening. Conceptually, Eurasia is experiencing a mix of centripetal evolutions at its peripheries ¿ Europe and East-Asia ¿ and a launch of centrifugal dynamics from its core ¿ Russia and Central Asia.The present book¿s ambitious title The Completion of Eurasia ?, which could be subtitled in the face of pressing challenges, explores a concentration of diverse ¿ yet equally complex ¿ issues grouped into four main clusters: organisational and diplomatic competition, logistical and infrastructural challenges, grasping the concept of Eurasia, making sense of historic turns. It provides a multi-dimensional and multi-sectoral understanding of what Eurasia ¿is¿ in its essence, despite historical turmoil and pressing insecurity issues.This book completes a series of publications by the Europe-Asia research network formed in the late 2000s. Originally based in Europe (Le Havre, France), this network is moving to Central Asia (Almaty, Kazakhstan).

This book offers an overarching view of the underlying challenges that the energy transitions pose to interstate energy relations. Geopolitics of energy currently epitomizes one of the principal sources for geopolitical vicissitudes affecting global energy landscapes. The ever-changing global energy architecture, global decarbonization plans and low-carbon technology developments are having deep geopolitical consequences. The extensive and rapid adjustment towards low-carbon energy is unsettling the conventional transnational energy structures, affecting economies and altering energy interstate relations. The geopolitics of the energy transitions is a field in the making, hence the existent academic literature is scarce and limited in scope. Current debates on decarbonization tend to mimic the geopolitics of oil and gas when discussing the stakeholders involved in the energy transitions. Besides, energy transitions tend to be studied at the national level overlooking the interactions at regional and global scales. Most research on the geopolitics of the energy transitions to date has mainly focused on the path to achieve the transitions to low carbon energy systems, and less on the global dynamics and the impacts of those transitions to inter-state relations and energy security. The fundamental question that needs dwelling is: How, and to what extent, will the multiple dimensions of the ongoing energy transitions affect existing fundamental geopolitical issues, and what new dynamics may result from the decarbonization process of the planet? The reasons to organize this publication are many, but among them stand one, which is functioning as the driving force behind this project: to contribute to a broader discussion on the ways in which energy transitions and geopolitics intersect.

Whereas, almost all Catholic moral theologians and ethicists do not have many problems receiving the negative judgment of Donum Vitae on heterologous artificial insemination and regular IVF as procedures of generating human life, only few find it difficult and unacceptable for the Simple Case IVF to be proscribed because they consider it less problematic. The Catholic Scholars who express dissent against the evaluation and conclusion of the Magisterium on the Simple Case seem to suggest that the destruction of human embryos and the use of a donor constitute the only problem of this procedure. But their reasoning can be considered inadequate because it fails to understand the theological and moral basis for the dignity of human procreation. The fact that the Simple Case IVF violates the principle of inseparability of the conjugal act by seeking the generation of human life outside of the conjugal act makes it intrinsically illicit and unacceptable for human procreation.

Die Festlegung von Verrechnungspreisen zwischen international verbundenenUnternehmen gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. So befasst sich nahezu jedeBetriebsprüfung bei Unternehmen mit Geschäftsbeziehungen zu verbundenenUnternehmen im Ausland mit der Angemessenheit der gewählten Verrechnungspreise. Indiesem Zusammenhang erhalten die Verrechnungspreise für die Nutzung von geistigemEigentum eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit.Das Werk behandelt die Methodik zur Festlegung von Verrechnungspreisen für die Nutzungvon geistigem Eigentum. Dabei wird der Fokus auf die Verrechnungspreisthematik imBusiness-to-Business Markt gelegt. Diesbezüglich werden insbesondere dieVerrechnungspreise für Produkt- und Prozessinnovationen sowie Marken behandelt undgezielte Handlungsempfehlungen gegeben.

Cultural security is a concept that appeared relatively recently, but the issues within its scope - protection of identity and protection of cultural heritage - have accompanied humans almost since the dawn of time. In this monograph, an attempt is made to analyse cultural security taking into account various research perspectives and showing its multifaceted nature. This volume also constitutes a collection of case studies that focuses on the analysis of the state as the basic subject of cultural security. The authors attempted to define cultural security and the approach to it from various, often very different, research perspectives.

When the German Industrial Revolution is mentioned, some unanswered questions like ¿when?¿, ¿how?¿, ¿by whom?¿ comes to mind. This book opens the curtain of unanswered questions about German Industrialization. Unlike previous studies on German Industrialization, this book, which reveals a highly integrated framework, also examines original areas such as the importance of education in German Industrialization and the pioneering German banking models in the 19th century. Moreover, this book offers the reader a new perspective by examining Turkish-German relations from the perspective of German Industrialization. Making use of Turkish, German and American archive documents, this book aims to provide the reader with rational inferences about German industrialization and the behind-the-scenes of Turkish-German relations with its in-depth literature review and intense analysis.

«You have done a magnificent study of Julian. The initial chapters are splendidly researched though I missed the Syon Abbey contribution. Then I loved your final chapters where the footnotes keep giving Julian's text. I especially applaud your seeing the Carmelite aspect which I don't think others have.»(Julia Bolton Holloway, Hermit of the Holy Family, Florence)«A new work on Julian of Norwich is always a cause for celebration and Dr Clemmer's book is no exception. The reader is enabled to follow Julian closely before, during and after her unique visionary experience, examining contemporary history and spirituality from many angles. And the story continues right up to Edith Stein in the twentieth century. This book will delight all Julian lovers, as well as others who want to know Julian better and appreciate her in greater depths.»(Sr Elizabeth Ruth Obbard ODC, Quidenham Carmel, Norwich)Julian of Norwich in Her Phenomenology engages Julian¿s primordial religious experience of May 1373; her subsequent definition to its revelation within her spiritual texts; and their hermeneutics made manifest from centuries of historical context. The meaning of Julian¿s experience continued to unfold throughout her life: with its grace, and by insight with her own use of phenomenological method. The historical manifestation of Julian¿s graced experience is given its closest phenomenological expression within her Short Text (Amherst) and in her Long Text (Sloane), with their collective human-Divine collaborations. But first, they arise phenomenally for Julian in the reciprocal gaze exchanged between her God and her soul. It is by God¿s Trinitarian gift of love, and in her grace-filled collaboration with others, that Julian¿s spiritual texts preserve, and guard, her experience of prayer and contemplation grounded in God: namely, with humanity¿s resting in God¿s substance, and with God¿s resting and ruling in her own soul as God¿s homeliest home.

The spatial and material dimensions of communication have changed dramatically over the past three millennia in South India. The historical and contemporary trajectories of these changes are revealed, explored, documented, critiqued and examined in this work. This book is comprehensive in its engagements with three locations¿spatiality, materiality and communication, in the contexts of Tamil Nadu, South India. The book takes a multidisciplinary approach to communication and media studies. It leverages the multifaceted knowledge seeking spirit of the ancient philosophers of Tamil Nadu for understanding the contexts of spatialities, materialities and communication.Across four sections on historical trajectories, everyday lives, public communication and media materialities, its 20 chapters on diverse topics offer unique engagements of the spatial journeys of people, rulers, philosophers, men, women, as well as their material objects, occupations and media during the past three millennia in South India, with a focus on Tamil Nadu.

Dieses Buch bezieht die Teilbereiche der kirchlichen Personalstruktur, ihrer Hierarchie, ihrer weltlichen Macht und Herrschaft, der theologischen Wissenschaft, des mittelalterlichen Kirchenrechts, der Rhetorik und Urkundenlehre, der Hagiographie und des Bereichs der kirchlichen Baukunst, Malerei und Plastik mit ein. Unter Anführung aussagekräftiger Belegzitate werden die zentralen Begriffe zur mittelalterlichen Theologie und Kirche in diesem Nachschlagewerk gebündelt und ins Neuhochdeutsche übersetzt.

The book was awarded the 2011 NCA Franklyn S. Haiman Award for Distinguished Scholarship in Freedom of Expression.This book sets out to explore how hate comes alive in language and actions by examining the nature and persuasive functions of hate in American society. Hate speech may be used for many purposes and have different intended consequences. It may be directed to intimidate an out-group, or to influence the behavior of in-group members. But how does this language function? What does it accomplish? The answers to these questions are addressed by an examination of the communicative messages produced by those with hateful minds. Beginning with an examination of the organized hate movement, the book provides a critique of racist discourse used to recruit and socialize new members, construct enemies, promote valued identities, and encourage ethnoviolence. The book also examines the strategic manipulation of hatred in our everyday lives by politicians, political operatives, and media personalities. Providing a comprehensive overview of hate speech, the book ends by describing the desirable features of an anti-hate discourse that promotes respect for social differences.

The Chinese in the Philippines constitute one of the many Chinese communities globally. Although many Chinese have maintained their cultural traditions, most of them are Filipina/o citizens and have always considered the Philippines home. Embodying "Tsina/o" (Chinese) and "Pina/oy" (Filipina/o) identities, Tsina/oys must learn how to negotiate their hybridity through cultural and linguistic practices in everyday life.Using a multimethodological approach to ethnography (critical ethnographic interview, autoethnography, and cyberethnography), (Trans)national Tsina/oys: Hybrid Performances of Chinese and Filipina/o Identities examines Tsina/oy identity as intersectional performance of ethnicity, nationality, and class in physical and online environments.The book draws from critical intercultural and performance studies to analyze what makes "Tsina/oy" a complex identity and what it could mean for the future in and beyond the Philippines.The book is well-suited for undergraduate and graduate students and academics who study international and intercultural communication, qualitative research methods, and performance studies. It is also of great interest to scholars in anthropology, Asian American studies, cultural studies, ethnic studies, geography, liberal studies, sociology, among other disciplines. "This book is a travelogue to places and spaces of knowing the self in culture; crossing borders to different but familiar locations, and (re)discovering the socializing practices that shape culture and identity. Hao introduces us to complex ways of revisiting notions of intersectionality not just through the complex meeting places of oppressions in social contexts, but through the importance of a diasporic transnational hybridity. He eschews the notion of hybridity as just a mixture of discrete cultures, but the complex co-informing aspects of ethnicity, nationality, class, and the politics of place that shape a sense of self in relation to common origins and the performative variations of identity that are held in contradistinction to those shared roots. Using diverse and interlocking ethnographic and qualitative methodologies, (Trans)national Tsina/oys: Hybrid Performances of Chinese and Filipina/o Identities asks the reader to engage at the intersections, the hyphens, and the parenthetical constructions of hybridity that make the subjects of the study, including himself, both/and always searching for homeplace in communities of recognized co-informing identities that are at once the same and not the same."¿Bryant Keith Alexander, Ph.D., Dean and Professor, College of Communication and Fine Arts, Loyola Marymount University ¿(Trans)national Tsina/oys: Hybrid Performances of Chinese and Filipina/o Identities stands as an exemplar of critical intercultural communication studies and the deep-level insights that it provides as a field to uncover the intricately woven layers of cultural identity, performativity, belonging, and the cultural politics that constitute ¿home.¿ Dr. Haös book also highlights the key role that critical intercultural communication studies plays in unpacking the complex of diasporas in terms of (but not limited to) their identity dynamics, the power effects in claiming/remembering/clarifying one¿s identity in relation to a ¿home¿ (of memory, of place, of relational cultural space), and the thorny assemblage of meaning around ¿belonging.¿¿¿Rona Tamiko Halualani, Ph.D., Professor of Intercultural Communication, Department of Communication Studies, San Jose State University

Since the dawn of humanity, people have traveled in search of meaning and to petition for worldly and otherworldly blessings. In the twenty-first century, the number of people traveling to religious sacred sites on pilgrimage has increased more than at any point in human history. An increased demand for pilgrimage routes and trails with the spiritual rather than the religious walker in mind, has also led various enterprising groups and individuals to develop entirely new pilgrimage routes and trails. This book highlights this new chapter in pilgrimage and trail development with essays by pilgrimage scholars and practitioners working in over ten countries.These include an examination of circular pilgrimage in The Netherlands, weird or «antipilgrimages» in the UK, and the revitalization of ancient trails along the Old Way to Canterbury, in the Baltic States, and on the Kumano Kodo in Japan. Entirely new trails include the Sufi Trail in Turkey, the Western Front Way in Europe, the Abraham Path in Southwest Asia, the Mormon Canadian Trail, and various new religious-themed trails in Lebanon. Human rights pilgrimages include one focused on peace building in Indigenous Australia, another on Indigenous settler pilgrimage protocols in Canada, and an emancipation pilgrimage along the Underground Railroad in the United States.

Voici la première étude française consacrée à un auteur méconnu et pourtant essentiel pour comprendre la littérature américaine de ce premier xixe siècle. À travers son écriture singulière, John Neal, prenant son contemporain James Fenimore Cooper pour anti-modèle, ambitionne de réformer la littérature américaine, afin de satisfaire au besoin naissant d¿indépendance et de renouveau national. Dans une certaine tradition américaine, la frontière est moins une limite territoriale qüun seuil dynamique, un locus americanus, lieu de tous les possibles. Et c¿est bien en ce sens que le romancier du Maine, homme des transgressions, homme de l¿entre-deux, écrit « à la frontière » : entre littérature et engagement, entre la scène et la chaire, le masculin et le féminin, l¿Indien et le Blanc, sa prose hésite, souvent. Il conviendra en somme d¿analyser au plus près cette fabrique alternative de littérarité qüest l¿écriture nealienne, dans l¿incertitude des commencements, lorsque l¿expression du « génie national » prétend s¿instaurer en critère de jugement et faire table rase des modèles d¿importation.

In this volume, six experts from Europe and Africa present new insights from the field about various aspects of Germany¿s colonial rule in Africa, raising doubt about the hitherto interpretations of some important events. The outbreak of violence in Rwanda 1904 was neither an anti-colonial Hutu uprising nor the result of a royal court intrigue against German rule, but instead a response to raids, the White Father missionaries had carried out against the local population. German colonialism in Rwanda was much less benevolent than it is today recalled in Rwanda, because its main edge was directed against the population in the North whose collective memory has been marginalized in the royal abanyiginya narrative, under colonial rule and after the genocide. Other chapters deal with the link between colonial boundaries and ethnic conflict and the counter-intuitive consequences of the German/Namibian settlement about colonial atrocities against the Herero and Nama.

Dans ce petit ouvrage, Michel Carpentier (1930-2022) raconte ses trentesix ans de vie dans les institutions européennes et sa contribution de visionnaire au lancement de plusieurs politiques. Michel Carpentier a intégré la Commission d¿EURATOM le 14 juillet 1959 à Bruxelles, où il fut désigné responsable du service des achats et des marchés. En 1967, lors de la fusion des Commissions, il a rejoint la Direction Générale desAffaires Industrielles, Technologiques et Scientifiques (DG III) où, en 1971, à l¿initiative d¿Altiero Spinelli, alors commissaire responsable de l¿Industrie, il rédigea la première communication de la Commission Européenne sur l¿environnement, « une donnée indissociable de l¿organisation et de la promotion du progrès humain ». Le Service de l¿environnement et de la protection des consommateurs qüil a dirigé jusqüen 1981 a préparé soixante directives visant à la prévention et diminution des pollutions de l¿eau, de l¿air et du bruit, récupération des déchets, protection du milieu naturel, notamment de la faune sauvage, la protection des mers et des fleuves, etc.

This book brings together 18 theoretical and empirical chapters that analyse the role of emotion (expression, perception, processing) and identity (notions and representations, construction, conflict) in the process of learning a second language. Studies on the differences in emotionality between L1 and L2 suggest that in L2 there is an alteration that, in many cases, manifests itself as a decrease in the affective load, which can lead to a certain indifference to the emotional content transmitted and to a lesser involvement in communication. It is also known that emotion plays a fundamental role in the construction of identity in a second language in the shaping of the self that feels and communicates and in the ability to cope with the learning process.Most of the studies have focused on the understanding of these issues in balanced bilingual speakers, but there is little evidence on their functioning in speakers with other degrees of proficiency (the case of second language learners) and on their role in the learning process. Better understanding this question is fundamental for the improvement of everything related to second language acquisition. We need new and innovative approaches that lead to more effective programs, increased interest in language learning and the consolidation of multilingual societies.

El almanaque fue uno de los impresos más populares del Antiguo Régimen en Europay en América, a cuyas cifras de venta solamente se acercaba la Biblia. En este volumen,se examina la trayectoria editorial y textual de esta singular publicación desde suscomienzos hasta el siglo XVIII, momento en el que experimenta su periodo de máximoapogeo. En particular, se estudia con detenimiento el almanaque literario, unatipología que conoce una especial fortuna en España, Italia y Portugal.En resumen, este libro pretende arrojar algo de luz acerca de la naturaleza del almanaque,contribuyendo así a escribir un capítulo inolvidable de la Historia de la culturaeditorial europea.