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This is the first in-depth comparison of German and British infantry tactics, training, and leadership techniques during World War I. Samuels' study undercuts some traditional views about the reasons for German successes and British failures during the Great War and points to how different value systems in the two countries affected their military prowess. This historical study of the doctrines underlying the British and German strategies and their implementation is intended for students of military history and contemporary military strategy. This history first analyzes the development of German infantry tactics and the role of the Storm Battalions and then examines the British attempt to adopt the German defensive systems and points to reasons for flaws in the British doing so. In comparing and contrasting the British and German armies, Samuels outlines the key concepts on which the German defensive system was based and analyzes how forces were trained and leadership was decentralized to produce a dynamic and flexible system. British efforts to adopt the key concepts failed because leadership was centralized and poor training contributed also to combat ineffectiveness.

A Military History of Africa achieves a daunting task: it synthesizes decades of specialized academic research and literature--including the most recent material--to offer an accessible survey of Africa's military history, from the earliest times to the present day. The first volume examines the precolonial period beginning with warfare in ancient North Africa including ancient Egypt and Carthage and continues through the cavalry-based Muslim empires of the trans-Sahara trade and the wars of the slave trade in West and East Africa. The second volume focuses on the wars of European colonial conquest and African resistance during the late 19th century, African participation in both world wars, and the early violent struggles for independence from the 1950s and early 1960s. The third volume explores warfare in postcolonial Africa, including coverage of the impact of the global Cold War, conflicts in Southern Africa from the 1960s to 1980s, the development of postcolonial African armed forces, and civil wars sparked by the discovery of precious resources, such as diamonds in Sierra Leone. Readers of this three-volume work will understand how warfare and military structures have been consistently central to the development of African societies.

Confronted almost weekly with media coverage of often conflicting medical research findings, women are looking for ways to put this information into perspective. They are also seeking in increasing numbers alternatives to conventional Western medical care. Traditional Chinese medicine has been found to successfully treat many women's health problems, while keeping risks and costs low and preventing adverse side effects. Well Women is the layperson's introduction and guide to the use of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of the most common gynecological problems occurring from puberty to beyond menopause. It offers numerous case histories of women whose symptoms improved or disappeared after treatment by traditional Chinese medical methods. The book presents a strong body of evidence supporting the use of these treatments as alternatives or accompaniments to conventional surgery and drugs, while providing specific suggestions for preventing illness. Refreshingly upbeat, Well Women encourages the understanding of life changes as healthy events. Organized to be accessible to the general reader, Well Women is divided into chapters including The Cycle, Eliminating Premenstrual Syndrome, Abnormal Changes, Infections, Pregnancy, Postpartum Disorders, Infertility, Menopause, and Life Extension. Each section provides an overview of common dysfunctions and illnesses and, through numerous examples from the author's own practice as an acupuncturist and herbalist, specific remedies that have proven effective for ordinary women. The author explains how acupuncture, herbal medicines, dietary supplements and exercise have cured illness, mitigated the side effects of cancer treatment, and lessened the predisposition to infection and the effects of aging. Women will feel empowered by this book's practical advice for seeking out health care options they can live with.

This two-volume set introduces ESP--also known as anomalous cognition--and psychokinesis, addressing the history, research, philosophy, and scientific theories surrounding the phenomena. With contributions from leading research scientists from within the field of parapsychology and other areas of study, this reference addresses the fundamental questions that the evidence of ESP evokes; examines parapsychology research from all over the world; and explores the controversies, skepticism, and contemporary criticism disparaging the field.Written for a multidisciplinary audience ranging from physicists to psychologists to lay persons, the volumes present the scientific validity of the field. Volume 1 addresses the historical, philosophical, skeptical, and research viewpoints; volume 2 lays out the current theories on ESP. Chapters reveal how strict scientific protocols and state-of-the-art technologies enable scientists--at sites such as Harvard and Cornell universities to their international counterparts in Amsterdam, Austria, and Asia--to pinpoint and investigate ESP abilities. Appendices include a glossary of key terms in parapsychology, ESP research protocol, ESP research organizations, skeptic associations, and recommended reading.

The first of its kind, this intriguing two-volume set objectively reports on and assesses this modern psycho-social movement in world culture: the constructive medical use of entheogens and related mind-altering substances. Covering the use of substances such as ayahuasca, cannabis, LSD, peyote, and psilocybin, the work seeks to illuminate the topic in a scholarly and scientific fashion so as to lift the typical division between those who are supporters of research and exploration of entheogens and those who are strongly opposed to any such experimentation altogether. The volumes address the history and use of mind-altering drugs in medical research and religious practice in the endeavor to expand and heighten spirituality and the sense of the divine, providing unbiased coverage of the relevant arguments and controversies regarding the subject matter. Chapters include examinations of how psychoactive agents are used to achieve altered states in Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism as well as in the rituals of shamanism and other less widely known faiths. This highly readable work will appeal to everyone from high school students to seasoned professors, in both the secular world and in devoted church groups and religious colleges.

This classic work, first published in 1928, concentrates on the cultivation of the technique of eroticism as an art in marriage. It sets the sexual relationship in the nostalgic prose of a more leisured age.

Depression is commonly thought of as a biological disorder best treated with antidepressant medications. Pharmaceutical companies and many experts promote this view as established in scientific fact. Here, Leventhal and Martell argue that there is scant actual scientific evidence for this view, and that the issue is open to considerable question. They maintain that there is very little known--they call the evidence woefully weak--regarding the role of biology in depression. Marketing by drug producers has not only led the public to accept dubious claims and over-value antidepressants, but has also led medical doctors to prescribe them excessively. Leventhal and Martell argue that the effectiveness of psychological therapy has strong scientific support in the treatment of anxiety and depression, and it is safer and results in less frequent relapse. This book will help consumers decide which treatment is best for them. It includes a list of questions to ask before accepting a prescription for antidepressant medication. Readers will find this book helpful in understanding the controversy surrounding the widespread prescription and use of antidepressants. It traces the history and science behind the pharmaceutical treatment of depression, and it presents, in accessible language, information that will empower readers to make the best choices possible regarding the treatment of their own or their loved ones' feelings of depression and anxiety. The audience for this book includes those who are depressed and considering professional help, those concerned about health care and the services offered in the mental health field, and doctors or mental health professionals who may wish to reconsider the basis for treatments they are recommending to patients. Students and scholars in psychology, clinical psychology, public health, social work, and psychiatry will also find this of interest.

This book offers readers an overview of major themes driving the proliferation of armed non-state actor groups operating throughout the greater Middle East, including a discussion of such conceptual issues as irregular warfare, separatist rebellions, proxy forces, insurgency, terrorism, and private military contractors. Rather than categorizing armed groups according to changing or contentious labels, the chronological organization follows the date of founding, with information on motivations or aims, strategies, organizational structure, safe havens or areas of operation, networks of political and financial support, and challenges to group capacity.Many studies provide in-depth analysis of a single group or a particular strategy or motivation, while this work offers breadth in profiling dozens of groups with various aims over time to assess patterns of continuity and change. As armed groups learn from one another and adapt to evolving conditions, surveying numerous groups from the Cold War era of competition through 2022 offers insights for emerging trends and potential trajectories of armed groups.

The work searches out the societal effects of varying philosophies of and causal relationships between the assumed judicial roles and the achievement of both stability and flexibility within the judicial system.

Altered consciousness is one of humanity's most mystical and life-altering aspects. These remarkable changes in mental state have understandably been a topic of general interest and scientific inquiry across time. Beyond simply satisfying our curiosity, however, studies focused upon altered consciousness can also bring valuable insights into our experience, biology, and culture.This unprecedented two-volume set will intrigue anyone interested in psychology, biology and neurology, science, history, arts and the humanities, and literature on consciousness, from general readers to scholars and researchers. An impressive collection of international contributors address altered states of consciousness from the perspectives of history, evolution, psychology, culture, literature, human biology, contemporary science, and society, seeking to illuminate the causes, effects, and meanings of altered consciousness. The first volume provides an introduction and centers on the importance of altered states in history, culture, and the humanities, while the second volume presents biological and psychological perspectives on altered consciousness and examines their potential for healing and pathology.

Who is the typical alcoholic among the 12.5 million living in the United States now? Many, if not most of us when asked that question, would envision a skid row bum or someone at least out of work or with little education locked into a low-skill, low-paying job. But that is not accurate, according to the results of a national study released in June, 2007 by the National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The NIAAA determined that alcoholics in the United States really fall into five subtypes, including nearly 20 percent who are highly functional alcoholics, well-educated with good incomes. They include corporate presidents, powerful politicians, police, lawyers, doctors, scientists, and other highly-skilled, highly-educated people who are middle- to high-income and by most accounts successful. In this unprecedented book, mental health counselor Sarah Benton takes us into the worlds and minds of so-called high-functioning alcoholics, to understand how people so intelligent and achievement-oriented get drawn into states in which they secretly cannot control their liquor consumption but still manage to excel in their careers. The book includes a look at celebrity alcoholics like singer Eric Clapton and actor/comedian Robin Williams, as well as alcoholics in high positions including Chris Albrecht, former Chairman and CEO of HBO. Other high-profile people included in this book are Miss USA 2007 Tara Conner and football legend Joe Namath. With her own story of alcoholism and her recovery woven into the text, Benton takes us into the lives and challenges of these well-educated and successful people, seeking to understand how, when, and why they became addicted, as well as the reasons their alcoholism is, for most, so hard to admit, cope with, and recover from.

This set is designed to be a thorough introduction for physicians entering the occupational and environmental medicine field, whether preparing for specialty examinations or moving into the field from other medical specialties or from primary care. It also serves as a convenient guide and reference for nurses, health professionals, and those outside of health care who need a quick orientation. The set is written with a strong and coherent point of view about the value of occupational and environmental medicine and commitment to ethical, worker-centered practice. It is unusual in the depth of its coverage; its inclusion of important topics that are usually overlooked in textbooks of the field, such as risk science; its emphasis on good management of occupational health services; and its thorough integration of material that fits topics together rather than presenting them as if they were separate and unrelated.

Designed to be strong in research and case studies yet relatively compact, books in the Essentials of Psychology and Health series provide a comprehensive introduction to a subfield in one of the disciplines. In this book, Jacqueline Helfgott, professor and director at the Settle University Department of Criminal Justice, is joined by Beck M. Strah, assistant professor at Roger Williams University, to present an understanding of criminal psychology. The text first addresses history, perspectives, and theories of the field, and then explains practices, procedures, outcomes, core obstacles, and controversies. Case studies illustrate criminal psychology in practice. Classic as well as new and emerging research is included. A final section focuses on advances on the horizon and future needs for the field. The back matter includes a glossary of criminal psychology terms, resource list, and bibliography.

Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States provides a comprehensive overview of the nature and scope of the problem of workplace bullying and mobbing. By tapping the knowledge of a breadth of subject experts and interpreting contemporary survey data, this resource examines the impact of bullying and mobbing on targets; identifies what constitutes effective prevention and intervention; surveys the legal landscape for addressing the problem, from both American and (for multinational employers) transnational perspectives; and provides an analysis of key employment sectors with practical recommendations for prevention and amelioration of these behaviors.The contributors to this outstanding work include researchers, practitioners, and policy and subject-matter experts who are widely recognized as authorities on workplace bullying and mobbing, including Drs. Gary and Ruth Namie, cofounders of the U.S. workplace anti-bullying movement; Drs. Maureen Duffy and Len Sperry, internationally recognized authorities on workplace mobbing; and professor David Yamada, leading expert on the legal aspects of workplace bullying. The set's content will be of particular value to scholars and practitioners in disciplines that overlap with American labor and employee relations, industrial/organizational psychology and mental health, and law and conflict resolution.