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Appearing for the first time in paperback and illustrated with line drawings, diagrams, and 26 half-tone plates, this study of the iconographic aspect of Japanese Buddhist sculpture surveys the significance of eight principal and six secondary hand gestures (mudra), in addition to the postures (asana), such as the "e;lotus,"e; and the symbolic attributes. A pictorial index helps the reader in identifying the gestures.

Muslim intellectuals who sought to establish the boundaries of modern Muslim identity Muslim modernism was a political and intellectual movement that sought to redefine the relationship between Islam and the colonial West in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Spearheaded by Muslim leaders in Asia and the Middle East, the modernist project arose from a desire to reconcile Islamic beliefs and practices with European ideas of secularism, scientific progress, women's rights, and democratic representation. Teena Purohit provides innovative readings of the foundational thinkers of Muslim modernism, showing how their calls for unity and reform led to the marginalization of Muslim minority communities that is still with us today. Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism offers fresh perspectives on figures such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Iqbal, and Abul A'la Mawdudi. It sheds light on the exclusionary impulses and Sunni normative biases of modernist Muslim writers and explores how their aim to unite the global Muslim community--which was stagnant and fragmented in their eyes--also created lasting divisions. While modernists claimed to represent all Muslims when they asserted the centrality and significance of unity, they questioned the status of groups such as Ahmadis, Bahais, and the Shia more broadly. Addressing timely questions about religious authority and reform in modern Islam, this incisive book reveals how modernist notions of Islam as a single homogeneous tradition gave rise to enduring debates about who belongs to the Muslim community and who should be excluded.

"Belize has become a very popular destination for birders, divers, and general tourists. Its extensive coral reefs, Mayan sites, stable infrastructure (and political system), attract a wide range of tourists. The country has an excellent system of parks and lodges for those interested in wildlife. To date, 608 bird species have been recorded in the country, and while there are no endemic birds, it is one of the best places to see sought-after species such as Harpy Eagle. English is the official language, even though most Belizeans speak Belizean Creole or Spanish. This handy, portable field guide will treat all 608 species, illustrating each and every one, and providing concise ID-oriented text alongside distribution maps. It will immediately become the go-to field reference for resident and visiting birder alike"--

Sherpas are portrayed by Westerners as heroic mountain guides, or "e;tigers of the snow,"e; as Buddhist adepts, and as a people in touch with intimate ways of life that seem no longer available in the Western world. In this book, Vincanne Adams explores how attempts to characterize an "e;authentic"e; Sherpa are complicated by Western fascination with Sherpas and by the Sherpas' desires to live up to Western portrayals of them. Noting that diplomatic aides at world summit meetings go by the name "e;Sherpa,"e; as do a van in the U.K. built for rough terrain and a software product from Silicon Valley, Adams examines the "e;authenticating"e; effects of this mobile signifier on a community of Himalayan Sherpas who live at the base of Mount Everest, Nepal, and its "e;deauthenticating"e; effects on anthropological representation.This book speaks not only to anthropologists concerned with ethnographic portrayals of Otherness but also to those working in cultural studies who are concerned with ethnographically grounded analyses of representations. Throughout Adams illustrates how one might undertake an ethnography of transnationally produced subjects by using the notion of "e;virtual"e; identities. In a manner informed by both Buddhism and shamanism, virtual Sherpas are always both real and distilled reflections of the desires that produce them.

A fun and fact-filled A-Z treasury for anyone with a head on their shouldersNeuropedia journeys into the mysteries and marvels of the three pounds of tissue between your ears-the brain. Eric Chudler takes you on a breathtaking tour of the nervous system with dozens of entries that explore the structure and function of the brain and cover topics such as the spinal cord and nerve cells, the methods of neuroscientific research, and the visionary scientists who have dedicated their lives to understanding what makes each of us who we are.The brain has fascinated and puzzled researchers, physicians, and philosophers for thousands of years and captivated us with each new discovery. This compendium of neuroscientific wonders is brimming with facts and insights, helping us to make sense of our current understanding of the nervous system while identifying the frontiers in our knowledge that remain unexplored. Chudler guides readers through a variety of rare and common neurological disorders such as alien hand disorder, Capgras syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, and discusses the latest brain-imaging methods used to diagnose them. He discusses neurochemicals, neurotoxins, and lifesaving drugs, and offers bold perspectives on human consciousness that enable us to better appreciate our place in nature.With marvelous illustrations by Kelly Chudler, Neuropedia is an informative and entertaining trip into the inner world of the brain.

The world's leading textbook on astrobiology-ideal for an introductory one-semester course and now fully revised and updatedAre we alone in the cosmos? How are scientists seeking signs of life beyond our home planet? Could we colonize other planets, moons, or even other star systems? This introductory textbook, written by a team of four renowned science communicators, educators, and researchers, tells the amazing story of how modern science is seeking the answers to these and other fascinating questions. They are the questions that are at the heart of the highly interdisciplinary field of astrobiology, the study of life in the universe.Written in an accessible, conversational style for anyone intrigued by the possibilities of life in the solar system and beyond, Life in the Universe is an ideal place to start learning about the latest discoveries and unsolved mysteries in the field. From the most recent missions to Saturn's moons and our neighboring planet Mars to revolutionary discoveries of thousands of exoplanets, from the puzzle of life's beginning on Earth to the latest efforts in the search for intelligent life elsewhere, this book captures the imagination and enriches the reader's understanding of how astronomers, planetary scientists, biologists, and other scientists make progress at the cutting edge of this dynamic field. Enriched with a wealth of engaging features, this textbook brings any citizen of the cosmos up to speed with the scientific quest to discover whether we are alone or part of a universe full of life.An acclaimed text designed to inspire students of all backgrounds to explore foundational questions about life in the cosmosCompletely revised and updated to include the latest developments in the field, including recent exploratory space missions to Mars, frontier exoplanet science, research on the origin of life on Earth, and moreEnriched with helpful learning aids, including in-chapter Think about It questions, optional Do the Math and Special Topic boxes, Movie Madness boxes, end-of-chapter exercises and problems, quick quizzes, and much moreSupported by instructor's resources, including an illustration package and test bank, available upon request

Focusing on the art of Henri Fantin-Latour (1836-1904) and his colleagues Gustave Courbet, Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet, Frederic Bazille, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Fellow Men argues for the importance of the group as a defining subject of nineteenth-century French painting. Through close readings of some of the most ambitious paintings of the realist and impressionist generation, Bridget Alsdorf offers new insights into how French painters understood the shifting boundaries of their social world, and reveals the fragile masculine bonds that made up the avant-garde.A dedicated realist who veered between extremes of sociability and hermetic isolation, Fantin-Latour painted group dynamics over the course of two decades, from 1864 to 1885. This was a period of dramatic change in French history and art--events like the Paris Commune and the rise and fall of impressionism raised serious doubts about the power of collectivism in art and life. Fantin-Latour's monumental group portraits, and related works by his friends and colleagues from the 1850s through the 1880s, represent varied visions of collective identity and test the limits of association as both a social and an artistic pursuit. By examining the bonds and frictions that animated their social circles, Fantin-Latour and his cohorts developed a new pictorial language for the modern group: one of fragmentation, exclusion, and willful withdrawal into interior space that nonetheless presented individuality as radically relational.

Ambitious Form describes the transformation of Italian sculpture during the neglected half century between the death of Michelangelo and the rise of Bernini. The book follows the Florentine careers of three major sculptors--Giambologna, Bartolomeo Ammanati, and Vincenzo Danti--as they negotiated the politics of the Medici court and eyed one another's work, setting new aims for their art in the process. Only through a comparative look at Giambologna and his contemporaries, it argues, can we understand them individually--or understand the period in which they worked. Michael Cole shows how the concerns of central Italian artists changed during the last decades of the Cinquecento. Whereas their predecessors had focused on specific objects and on the particularities of materials, late sixteenth-century sculptors turned their attention to models and design. The iconic figure gave way to the pose, individualized characters to abstractions. Above all, the multiplicity of master crafts that had once divided sculptors into those who fashioned gold or bronze or stone yielded to a more unifying aspiration, as nearly every ambitious sculptor, whatever his training, strove to become an architect.

A groundbreaking account of the role of writing in Michelangelo's artMichelangelo is best known for great artistic achievements such as the Sistine ceiling, the David, the Pieta, and the dome of St. Peter's. Yet throughout his seventy-five year career, he was engaged in another artistic act that until now has been largely overlooked: he not only filled hundreds of sheets of paper with exquisite drawings, sketches, and doodles, but also, on fully a third of these sheets, composed his own words. Here we can read the artist's marginal notes to his most enduring masterpieces; workaday memos to assistants and pupils; poetry and letters; and achingly personal expressions of ambition and despair surely meant for nobody's eyes but his own. Michelangelo: A Life on Paper is the first book to examine this intriguing interplay of words and images, providing insight into his life and work as never before.This sumptuous volume brings together more than two hundred stunning, museum-quality reproductions of Michelangelo's most private papers, many in color. Accompanying them is Leonard Barkan's vivid narrative, which explains the important role the written word played in the artist's monumental public output. What emerges is a wealth of startling juxtapositions: perfectly inscribed sonnets and tantalizing fragments, such as "e;Have patience, love me, sufficient consolation"e;; careful notations listing money spent for chickens, oxen, and funeral rites for the artist's father; a beautiful drawing of a Madonna and child next to a mock love poem that begins, "e;You have a face sweeter than boiled grape juice, and a snail seems to have passed over it."e; Magnificently illustrated and superbly detailed, this book provides a rare and intimate look at how Michelangelo's artistic genius expressed itself in words as well as pictures.

The fascinating history of the twentieth century's most successful experiment in mass housingWhile the work of Frank Lloyd Wright, Richard Neutra, and their contemporaries frequently influences our ideas about house design at the midcentury, most Americans during this period lived in homes built by little-known builders who also served as developers of the communities. Often dismissed as "e;little boxes, made of ticky-tacky,"e; the tract houses of America's postwar suburbs represent the twentieth century's most successful experiment in mass housing. Houses for a New World is the first comprehensive history of this uniquely American form of domestic architecture and urbanism.Between 1945 and 1965, more than thirteen million houses-most of them in new ranch and split-level styles-were constructed on large expanses of land outside city centers, providing homes for the country's rapidly expanding population. Focusing on twelve developments in the suburbs of Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Los Angeles, Barbara Miller Lane tells the story of the collaborations between builders and buyers, showing how both wanted houses and communities that espoused a modern way of life-informal, democratic, multiethnic, and devoted to improving the lives of their children. The resulting houses differed dramatically from both the European International Style and older forms of American domestic architecture.Based on a decade of original research, and accompanied by hundreds of historical images, plans, and maps, this book presents an entirely new interpretation of the American suburb. The result is a fascinating history of houses and developments that continue to shape how tens of millions of Americans live.Featured housing developments in Houses for a New World:Boston area:Governor Francis Farms (Warwick, RI)Wethersfield (Natick, MA)Brookfield (Brockton, MA)Chicago area:Greenview Estates (Arlington Heights, IL)Elk Grove VillageRolling MeadowsWeathersfield at SchaumburgLos Angeles and Orange County area:Cinderella Homes (Anaheim, CA)Panorama City (Los Angeles)Rossmoor (Los Alamitos, CA)Philadelphia area:Lawrence Park (Broomall, PA)Rose Tree Woods (Broomall, PA)

The first history of Frank Lloyd Wright's exhibitions of his own work-a practice central to his careerMore than one hundred exhibitions of Frank Lloyd Wright's work were mounted between 1894 and his death in 1959. Wright organized the majority of these exhibitions himself and viewed them as crucial to his self-presentation as his extensive writings. He used them to promote his designs, appeal to new viewers, and persuade his detractors. Wright on Exhibit presents the first history of this neglected aspect of the architect's influential career.Drawing extensively from Wright's unpublished correspondence, Kathryn Smith challenges the preconceived notion of Wright as a self-promoter who displayed his work in search of money, clients, and fame. She shows how he was an artist-architect projecting an avant-garde program, an innovator who expanded the palette of installation design as technology evolved, and a social activist driven to revolutionize society through design. While Wright's earliest exhibitions were largely for other architects, by the 1930s he was creating public installations intended to inspire debate and change public perceptions about architecture. The nature of his exhibitions expanded with the times beyond models, drawings, and photographs to include more immersive tools such as slides, film, and even a full-scale structure built especially for his 1953 retrospective at the Guggenheim Museum. Placing Wright's exhibitions side by side with his writings, Smith shows how integral these exhibitions were to his vision and sheds light on the broader discourse concerning architecture and modernism during the first half of the twentieth century.Wright on Exhibit features color renderings, photos, and plans, as well as a checklist of exhibitions and an illustrated catalog of extant and lost models made under Wright's supervision.

The most authoritative and up-to-date core econometrics textbook availableEconometrics is the quantitative language of economic theory, analysis, and empirical work, and it has become a cornerstone of graduate economics programs. Econometrics provides graduate and PhD students with an essential introduction to this foundational subject in economics and serves as an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners. This comprehensive textbook teaches fundamental concepts, emphasizes modern, real-world applications, and gives students an intuitive understanding of econometrics.Covers the full breadth of econometric theory and methods with mathematical rigor while emphasizing intuitive explanations that are accessible to students of all backgroundsDraws on integrated, research-level datasets, provided on an accompanying websiteDiscusses linear econometrics, time series, panel data, nonparametric methods, nonlinear econometric models, and modern machine learningFeatures hundreds of exercises that enable students to learn by doingIncludes in-depth appendices on matrix algebra and useful inequalities and a wealth of real-world examplesCan serve as a core textbook for a first-year PhD course in econometrics and as a follow-up to Bruce E. Hansen's Probability and Statistics for Economists

A comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the mathematics that all economics students need to knowProbability theory is the quantitative language used to handle uncertainty and is the foundation of modern statistics. Probability and Statistics for Economists provides graduate and PhD students with an essential introduction to mathematical probability and statistical theory, which are the basis of the methods used in econometrics. This incisive textbook teaches fundamental concepts, emphasizes modern, real-world applications, and gives students an intuitive understanding of the mathematics that every economist needs to know.Covers probability and statistics with mathematical rigor while emphasizing intuitive explanations that are accessible to economics students of all backgroundsDiscusses random variables, parametric and multivariate distributions, sampling, the law of large numbers, central limit theory, maximum likelihood estimation, numerical optimization, hypothesis testing, and moreFeatures hundreds of exercises that enable students to learn by doingIncludes an in-depth appendix summarizing important mathematical results as well as a wealth of real-world examplesCan serve as a core textbook for a first-semester PhD course in econometrics and as a companion book to Bruce E. Hansen's EconometricsAlso an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners

An essential introduction to one of the most timely and important subjects in economicsInternational Macroeconomics presents a rigorous and theoretically elegant treatment of real-world international macroeconomic problems, incorporating the latest economic research while maintaining a microfounded, optimizing, and dynamic general equilibrium approach. This one-of-a-kind textbook introduces a basic model and applies it to fundamental questions in international economics, including the determinants of the current account in small and large economies, processes of adjustment to shocks, the determinants of the real exchange rate, the role of fixed and flexible exchange rates in models with nominal rigidities, and interactions between monetary and fiscal policy. The book confronts theoretical predictions using actual data, highlighting both the power and limits of given theories and encouraging critical thinking.Provides a rigorous and elegant treatment of fundamental questions in international macroeconomicsBrings undergraduate and master's instruction in line with modern economic researchFollows a microfounded, optimizing, and dynamic general equilibrium approachAddresses fundamental questions in international economics, such as the role of capital controls in the presence of financial frictions and balance-of-payments crisesUses real-world data to test the predictions of theoretical modelsFeatures a wealth of exercises at the end of each chapter that challenge students to hone their theoretical skills and scrutinize the empirical relevance of modelsAccompanied by a website with lecture slides for every chapter

A definitive new volume of the retirement papers of Thomas JeffersonThis volumeΓÇÖs 601 documents show Jefferson dealing with various challenges. He is injured in a fall at Monticello, and his arm is still in a sling months later when he narrowly escapes drowning during a solitary horseback ride. Jefferson obtains temporary financial relief by transferring a $20,000 debt from the Bank of the United States to the College of William and Mary.Aided by a review of expenditures by the University of Virginia that uncovers no serious discrepancies, Jefferson and the Board of Visitors obtain a further $60,000 loan that permits construction to begin on the Rotunda.Jefferson drafts but apparently does not send John Adams a revealing letter on religion. He exchanges long letters discussing the Supreme Court with Justice William Johnson, and he writes to friends about FranceΓÇÖs 1823 invasion of Spain. Jefferson also helps prepare a list of recommended books for the Albemarle Library Society.In November 1822, JeffersonΓÇÖs grandson Francis Eppes marries Mary Elizabeth Randolph. He gives the newlyweds his mansion at Poplar Forest and visits it for the last time the following May. In a letter to James Monroe, Jefferson writes and then cancels ΓÇ£my race is near itΓÇÖs term, and not nearer, I assure you, than I wish.ΓÇ¥

"A one-volume, single-authored reference book featuring scholarly essays on key terms that appear in the Qur'an"--

"Mina Loy (1882-1966) was one of the most inscrutable artists and poets of the twentieth century. Born in London and formally trained as an artist in London, Munich, and Paris, Loy was elected as a member of the Salon d'Automne in Paris at the age of 23. Her modernist enlightenment came through her introduction to the Italian Futurists, and her subsequent structurally startling and provocative poetry and manifesto-writing brought her immediate notoriety and the embrace of the American avant-garde. Upon her arrival in New York in 1916 she was featured as the prototype of the "Modern Woman" in a profile in the New York Evening Sun. Her writings were published in Camera Work, Little Review, Rogue, and elsewhere, and her art was included in the groundbreaking 1917 Independents' Exhibition. She was Marcel Duchamp's date for the Blind Man's Ball-a friendship that lasted throughout their lives, as Duchamp organized Loy's final exhibition in 1955. Today, Loy is remembered primarily as a poet. Mina Loy: Strangeness Is Inevitable is the first book to examine the full scope of her career, including her visual work. The book follows Loy on her transatlantic passage to America as an immigrant in 1936 and features over 50 of her paintings, drawings, and constructions alongside a selection of her poetry and writings, all of which reveal her omnivorous creativity as an image-maker, author, and cultural arbiter. These works are complemented by extensive, never-before-assembled archival materials that provide context for her art within the arc of her extraordinary life. Contributing authors will show how indispensable of a force she was in introducing Italian futurism to America, radicalizing the aspirations of feminism, expanding the aesthetics of surrealism, and presaging American pop art through her assemblage constructions. Introducing the full breadth of Loy's creative expression-painting, drawing, poetry, prose, art criticism, and fashion design-Mina Loy presents the remarkable vision of this iconoclast"--

The ultimate photographic field guide to North American insectsThis amazing field guide enables you to identify all 783 families of insects currently recognized in the United States and Canada. Richly illustrated with more than 3,700 stunning photos along with keys to families for many of the orders, Insects of North America features a comprehensive introduction that discusses classification and nomenclature, insect diversity, global threats, the latest collecting and curatorial techniques, and the many ways these remarkable organisms impact society. Combined with in-depth taxonomic coverage, this is the essential resource for both professionals and amateurs interested in the most diverse group of animals on the planet.Covers all 783 insect families known to occur in the United States and CanadaFeatures more than 3,700 color photos, with nearly every photo identified to species levelIncludes an illustrated glossary for easy reference in the fieldThe first field companion of its kind since the publication of the Peterson guide in 1970Ideal for entomology courses of all levelsAn invaluable resource for anyone interested in insects

"Explores the science and alchemy of old-growth forests and makes a compelling case for their protection. Many foresters are proponents of forest management while ecologists and conservation biologists believe that the healthiest forests are those we leave alone. Joan Maloof brings together the scientific data we have about old-growth forests, drawing on diverse fields of study to explain the ecological differences among forests of various ages. She describes the life forms and relationships that make old-growth forests unique--from salamanders and micro-snails to plants that communicate through fungi--and reveals why human attempts to manage forests can never replicate nature's sublime handiwork. Maloof invites you to discover the power of these fragile realms that are so inextricably connected to our planet, our fellow species, and our spirits. With drawings by Andrew Joslin that illustrate scientific concepts and capture the remarkable beauty of ancient trees, this revised and expanded edition of Nature's Temples sheds new light on the special role forests play in removing carbon from the atmosphere and shares what we know about the interplay between wildfires and ancient forests"--

"It is not an exaggeration to say that the honey bee is the most well understood insect. We know more about Drosophila genetics, but our integrative understanding of that species pales in comparison to our understanding of every facet of honey bee biology. Despite the tremendous growth in our understanding of honey bee biology, the last comprehensive book on topic was published in 1987. In this book, Brian Johnson offers a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of honey bee biology. The book covers classic topics such as physiology, communication, division of labor, and reproduction as well as areas that were barely known decades ago such as genomics, cognition, toxicology, and immunity. He concludes with a discussion of honey bees as managed pollinators and conservation issues. Throughout, Johnson also offers his analysis and evaluation of key studies and areas of research. Ultimately, this book is likely to be the new standard reference on honey bee biology and an invaluable resource for anyone with a serious interest in these fascinating organisms"--

How foreign lending weakens emerging nationsIn the nineteenth century, many developing countries turned to the credit houses of Europe for sovereign loans to balance their books and weather major fiscal shocks such as war. This reliance on external public finance offered emerging nations endless opportunities to overcome barriers to growth, but it also enabled rulers to bypass critical stages in institution building and political development. Pawned States reveals how easy access to foreign lending at early stages of state building has led to chronic fiscal instability and weakened state capacity in the developing world.Drawing on a wealth of original data to document the rise of cheap overseas credit between 1816 and 1913, Didac Queralt shows how countries in the global periphery obtained these loans by agreeing to "e;extreme conditionality,"e; which empowered international investors to take control of local revenue sources in cases of default, and how foreclosure eroded a country's tax base and caused lasting fiscal disequilibrium. Queralt goes on to combine quantitative analysis of tax performance between 1816 and 2005 with qualitative historical analysis in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, illustrating how overreliance on external capital by local leaders distorts their incentives to expand tax capacity, articulate power-sharing institutions, and strengthen bureaucratic apparatus.Panoramic in scope, Pawned States sheds needed light on how early and easy access to external finance pushes developing nations into trajectories characterized by fragile fiscal institutions and autocratic politics.

The law, Holmes said, is no brooding omnipresence in the sky. "e;If that is true,"e; writes David Luban, "e;it is because we encounter the legal system in the form of flesh-and-blood human beings: the police if we are unlucky, but for the (marginally) luckier majority, the lawyers."e; For practical purposes, the lawyers are the law. In this comprehensive study of legal ethics, Luban examines the conflict between common morality and the lawyer's "e;role morality"e; under the adversary system and how this conflict becomes a social and political problem for a community. Using real examples and drawing extensively on case law, he develops a systematic philosophical treatment of the problem of role morality in legal practice. He then applies the argument to the problem of confidentiality, outlines an affordable system of legal services for the poor, and provides an in-depth philosophical treatment of ethical problems in public interest law.