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This book shows how a circuit can be analyzed in the TINA-TI® environment. Students of engineering (for instance, electrical, biomedical, mechatronics and robotics to name a few), engineers who work in industry and anyone who want to learn the art of circuit simulation with TINA-TI can benefit from this book.

The concepts of telemedicine and e-healthcare have eased as well as improved the reachability of experienced doctors and medical staff to remote patients. A patient who is living in a remote village area can directly connect to specialist doctors across the globe though his/her mobile phone using telemedicine systems and e-healthcare services.In pandemic situations like COVID-19, these online platforms helped society to get medical treatment from their residence without any physical movement. Technology is transforming human lives by playing an important role in the planning, designing, and development of intelligent systems for better service.This book presents a cross-disciplinary perspective on the concept of machine learning, blockchain and IoT by congregating cutting-edge research and insights. It also identifies and discusses various advanced technologies such as internet of things (IoT), big data analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cyber security, cloud computing, sensors and so on that are vital to foster the development of smart healthcare and telemedicine systems by providing effective solutions to the medical challenges faced by humankind.

Urban expansion and the preservation of fringe landscapes are clearly interconnected issues. This book discusses the relationship between landscape and peri-urban agriculture and the possible implications of sustainable land management for fringe land quality, proposing a framework to evaluate the latent nexus between agro-forest systems and human settlements in Southern Europe. Eco-sustainable planning integrated with multi-faceted policy actions (social, economic, cultural and political dimensions) is a relevant approach to reinforce sustainability of fringe landscapes. Permanent assessment of these factors allows for the implementation of different development scenarios. The present work definitely contributes to systemic and multi-scale approaches informing environmental policies, with the aim of achieving an integrated management of peri-urban agricultural landscapes.

A water crisis on our immediate horizon is destined to hurt, even kill, millions of children, and the window of opportunity to do something about it is rapidly closing. There is, however, a glimmer of hope that could turn into rays of sunshine. Water is a commodity, and we have just come through some painful times dealing with the shortage of another commodity¿energy. For those who lived through the "energy crisis," this book offers a brief trip down memory lane.

This book looks to cover the issues related to advances in higher education for sustainable development goals. Nowadays, sustainable development is an important concept in higher education. One of the most widely recognized definitions is based in the Brundtland report as "e;development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."e; The three core pillars of sustainable development are environment, society and economy. Currently, higher education in the context of sustainable development goals (SDGs) is a great challenge. The information about higher education for sustainable development presents great interest to improve communication between professors, researches and students in universities, institutes, colleges, etc.This research book covers all aspects of higher education for sustainable development goals, namely, no poverty, zero hunger, good health and wellbeing, quality education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, decent work and economic growth, industry, innovation, and infrastructure, reduced inequalities, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, climate action, life below water, life on land, peace, justice and strong institutions and partnerships.

This book shows that Smart Grids can address energy efficiency, to bring increased awareness to consumers about the connection between electricity use and the environment, bring increased national security to our energy system¿drawing on greater amounts of home-grown electricity that is more resistant to natural disasters and attack.

This book aims to cover a new emerging need in designing digital phase shifter for modern communication systems. With the advancement of new generation mobile communication systems, directed beams of antenna arrays save a substantial amount of power as well as improve the communication quality. In this regard, beam-forming circuits, such as digital phase shifters (DPS) constitute essential parts of the antenna array systems. Therefore, this book is devoted to the design of digital phase shifters for various communications systems. Nowadays, phase array systems demand compact phase shifters suitable for chip implementation with wide phase-range and broad frequency band. Each chapter of this book is organized as stand-alone in such a way that the reader requires no specific background acquired from the other chapters. For each phase shifter topology introduced in this book, the reader is furnished with explicit design equations to construct the circuit under consideration. Furthermore, design equations are programmed using MATLAB to assess the electrical performance of the phase shifters with ideal and lossy components. MATLAB design programs are given at the and of each chapter as appendices and provided as soft copy on the web page of the book. In chapters 12 and 14, MMIC layouts for the lattice and T-section based DPS are provided for the readers. It is hoped that an interested reader can immediately identifies the "e;optimum phase shifter topology"e; for the need under consideration with its estimated electric performance.

Well activation is one of the most important aspects in the oil and gas industries and nitrogen gas is predominately used. The gas, being light, is sent down the producing reservoir which will enhance the production or improve the flow of crude oil. In addition to the methods used to increase production there are several problems like sand production and water production from the producing wells.Sand production occurs when the destabilizing stresses at the formation face exceed the strength of the natural arching tendencies and/or grain-to-grain cementation strength. Ideally, during oil production, the formation should be porous, permeable and well consolidated through which hydrocarbons can easily flow into the production wells. But sometimes, especially during production from unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, the produced hydrocarbons may also carry large amounts of sand into the well bore and sand entering production wells is one of the oldest problems faced by oil companies and one of the toughest to solve. These unconsolidated formations may not restrain grain movement, and produce sand along with the fluids especially at high rates.Water production is also a problem that many reservoir or production engineers face in day-to-day life. As engineers we should be able to decide whether water control solutions should be applied or not. The excess production of water is caused by the depletion of the reservoir and simply sweeps away most of the oil that the reservoir can produce.This book gives an information how well activation using nitrogen is carried out, and how sand control and water control issues can be resolved.

Electrical Power Systems Technology, Fourth Edition covers a wide range of technologies and systems used in the generation, distribution, control, conversion, and measurement of electrical power. This reference book provides a foundational overview presented in a basic, easy-to-understand manner. The content is organized in a logical pedagogical style using five basic power system components - Measurement, Generation, Distribution, Control, and Conversion. Each of these basic systems is broken down into sub-systems, equipment, and components that are explored in greater detail in each of the 18 chapters.Simplified mathematical concepts are described with practical applications to assist in fundamental understanding. Abundant illustrations (almost one per page) are used to add visual information to supplement technical knowledge development. The fourth edition has been edited to provide improved information and clarity, including many new illustrations. An additional chapter - Chapter 18 - Evolving Power System Technologies and Considerations - has been added to describe issues related to power system operation.

This book explores quantum computing as a transformative technology and its applications in communications, cryptography, teleportation, IoT, AI, and blockchain, in addition to the revolutionary concept of quantum internet.

Recent Developments in Automatic Control Systems consists of extended versions of selected papers presented at the XXVI International Conference on Automatic Control "Automation 2020" (October 13-15, 2020, Kyiv, Ukraine) which is the main Ukrainian Control Conference organized by the Ukrainian Association on Automatic Control.

This book aims to cover the recent advances in time series and applications of computation intelligence for time series analysis.

This book provides in-depth insights into use cases implementing artificial intelligence (AI) applications at the edge. It covers new ideas, concepts, research, and innovation to enable the development and deployment of AI, the industrial internet of things (IIoT), edge computing, and digital twin technologies in industrial environments.

This book provides a simple, easily followed process for auditing building operations to identify and reduce energy consumption that leads to measurable carbon reduction. The crucial steps of this process involve assessing the facility's current conditions, understanding, and analyzing the operational and cost-based opportunities that increase carbon output. Taking this information to report the findings and then document a multiyear energy and carbon reduction plan. The book discusses the full scope of building components and systems, including how each system affects energy efficiency. It describes the operational energy efficiencies that are gained by implementing no-cost changes or alternative maintenance activities already funded. The book includes the process for identifying capital improvement opportunities, along with evaluating return on investment and life cycle replacement options for equipment. The four-step process described in this book will serve as a valuable tool for every building operator seeking to improve energy performance and reduce carbon output.

With the increased interest in climate impacts, sustainability, and efficiency, more responsibility is being placed on boiler operators to help improve performance and reduce emissions. This third edition of the Boiler Operator's Handbook is intended to help such operators in the quest for improved operability and performance of their boilers and their plants. The theme of this book is to "e;operate wisely"e;. The goal is to instill not only "e;know how"e; but "e;know why"e;. The main details have been provided by the original author, Mr. Ken Heselton. This updated version has been somewhat expanded to include a wider range of examples and some of the more recent environmental requirements.To illustrate these points, topics include multi boiler operations, understanding the plant load, maintenance issues, and controls. Every plant is different. However, it is hoped that with the information provided in this book, the wise operator will be able to address the various unique issues posed by the specific plant and provide timely solutions to meet the present-day requirements.

If the city is everywhere, and everything is a city, if the urbanised world now is a chain of metropolitan areas connected by places and corridors of communication, then what is not urban? Above all, which forests are not urban forests? This book seeks to reflect on the connotation of urban forestry in line with related emergent holistic theories.

This book describes Spatial planning, urbanization, sustainable development, economic crisis, Mediterranean Europe.

Visualization and visual analytics are powerful concepts for exploring data from various application domains. The endless number of possible parameters and the many ways to combine visual variables as well as algorithms and interaction techniques create lots of possibilities for building such techniques and tools.The major goal of those tools is to include the human users with their tasks at hand, their hypotheses, and research questions to provide ways to find solutions to their problems or at least to hint them in a certain direction to come closer to a problem solution. However, due to the sheer number of design variations, it is unclear which technique is suitable for those tasks at hand, requiring some kind of user evaluation to figure out how the human users perform while solving their tasks.The technology of eye tracking has existed for a long time; however, it has only recently been applied to visualization and visual analytics as a means to provide insights to the users' visual attention behavior. This generates another kind of dataset that has a spatio-temporal nature and hence demands for advanced data science and visual analytics concepts to find insights into the recorded eye movement data, either as a post process or even in real-time.This book describes aspects from the interdisciplinary field of visual analytics, but also discusses more general approaches from the field of visualization as well as algorithms and data handling. A major part of the book covers research on those aspects under the light and perspective of eye tracking, building synergy effects between both fields - eye tracking and visual analytics - in both directions, i.e. eye tracking applied to visual analytics and visual analytics applied to eye tracking data. Technical topics discussed in the book include: * Visualization; * Visual Analytics; * User Evaluation; * Eye Tracking; * Eye Tracking Data Analytics;Eye Tracking and Visual Analytics includes more than 500 references from the fields of visualization, visual analytics, user evaluation, eye tracking, and data science, all fields which have their roots in computer science.Eye Tracking and Visual Analytics is written for researchers in both academia and industry, particularly newcomers starting their PhD, but also for PostDocs and professionals with a longer research history in one or more of the covered research fields. Moreover, it can be used to get an overview about one or more of the involved fields and to understand the interface and synergy effects between all of those fields. The book might even be used for teaching lectures in the fields of information visualization, visual analytics, and/or eye tracking.

This book provides an accessible introduction to the philosophy of educational research. A historical-philosophical journey presents the development of research methods from their origins to the present day. In addition, the book reflects on how research methods have influenced scientific effectiveness. Throughout, the book covers the principal things that need to be known today about the theory and practice of educational research, its epistemological bases, and its development as a discipline within scientific knowledge. The historical events that defined both the methodological evolution and the current situation of contemporary educational research are described to enable its understanding.This book provides an accessible introduction to the philosophy of educational research. A historical-philosophical journey presents the development of research methods from their origins to the present day.. It can also be used as didactic material for classroom discussions on educational research, educational philosophy, and current controversies in education. Its usefulness reaches the social sciences, humanities, and experimental sciences in all areas related to teaching and training. The basis of educational research is exposed, both in its concepts or philosophical visions and methodologies, which ultimately define what education means today.

The book describes the evolution of economic theory, considering historical, political and scientific perspectives. The main economic concepts are presented, including microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics, privatization, taxes, tariffs, the concept of currencies, stock markets, international transactions, and economic policies.

The signal processing (SP) landscape has been enriched by recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), yielding new tools for signal estimation, classification, prediction, and manipulation. Layered signal representations, nonlinear function approximation and nonlinear signal prediction are now feasible at very large scale in both dimensionality and data size. These are leading to significant performance gains in a variety of long-standing problem domains like speech and Image analysis. As well as providing the ability to construct new classes of nonlinear functions (e.g., fusion, nonlinear filtering).This book will help academics, researchers, developers, graduate and undergraduate students to comprehend complex SP data across a wide range of topical application areas such as social multimedia data collected from social media networks, medical imaging data, data from Covid tests etc. This book focuses on AI utilization in the speech, image, communications and yirtual reality domains.

This thoroughly revised book will provide the reader with an understanding of the principles and practices of testing and balancing (TAB) heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) air and water systems. It is for anyone interested in testing and balancing. For the novice and the experienced testing and balancing technician, it is a field reference book of procedures, equations, and information tables. For those interested in getting into TAB or who are new to the HVAC industry, it is a text for learning more about HVAC systems and testing and balancing. For the mechanical engineer, building owner, facility manager, commissioning agency or energy manager, this book can be used for teaching TAB, writing more effective specifications, and learning about TAB and how it interacts with system commissioning, indoor air quality and energy management. It is the intent of this book to improve the communications between owners, mechanical engineers, designers, vendors, contractors, TAB engineers, supervisors, and technicians to ensure that HVAC systems are being thoroughly tested and balanced.This book is used in test and balance self-study courses, in-house training programs, seminars, and other training formats as preparation for TAB certification, and as a text in colleges and technical schools. The sixth edition has general and specific testing and balancing procedures for constant air volume systems, variable air volume systems, return air and exhaust air systems, positive and negative pressure conditioned spaces, and fans and fan performance in Chapters 1 through 9. Chapters 10-12 cover testing and balancing fume hood systems, and cleanrooms and commissioning HVAC systems. Chapters 13 and 14 provide information on water systems and centrifugal pumps including water balancing procedures using flow meters, system components and temperatures, and water pumps and pump performance. Chapter 15 reviews analog and digital controls. Chapters 16-20 cover terminology for fluid flow, psychrometrics, refrigeration air distribution, water distribution, fans and pumps, motors, electrical, and instrument usage and care. Chapters 21 and 22 are equations and tables.

Updated with new material, this book shares the author's secrets for simplifying complex energy calculations, and shows you how to use these time-saving methods. It shows you how to cut through the maze using innovative decision-making tools to determine whether you should invest real time and money for developing details of a project being considered. There is information covered on simplified thermodynamics that gives you a blueprint for controlling the building's energy consumption. Key topics covered include the walk-through audit, pumps & fans VFD, high efficiency motors, insulation, fuel switching, heat recovery, HVAC, air compressor, "e;energy myths and magic"e;. Each chapter has "e;Richard's Retrofit Rules"e; and anecdotal experience in the retrofit. There is a summary of energy calculations given by category, plus a discussion of performance guarantees that helps a building manager decide which ESCO can best deliver on their promises of energy savings.

The book discusses the essential elements of requirements engineering applied to Safety Critical Systems such as the relationship between safety/hazard analysis and requirements specification, a balance between conservative and agile methodologies, the role of requirements engineering in safety cases, and requirements engineering maturity model.

Given the increase in the ageing population and the evolvement of the Human-Computer Interaction field to a much more humanistic approach, debate is ongoing about designing technology-enabled products for active ageing and healthy lifestyles. Indeed, the mainstream game industry has been challenged with the emergence of an older target group, the advancements in gamification and the proliferation of SMART devices.Previous experience in the field has revealed that for many older adult gamers, games had a therapeutic effect through them being both cognitively challenged and rewarded. However it has also revealed that the gaming industry was not fulfilling their other motivations and accessibility needs.Furthermore, research to date has focused on the physical and cognitive effects of video games in the aging process. Up to now, the use of other active ageing dimensions that go beyond the health domains (i.e. sense of security, and participation in society) in games addressed to this target group remain unexplored.This book differs from current books on the market by focusing on games and the main implications to design for active ageing in terms of the market perspective, the information and communication society, behavioral design, mobility, urban and city planning, accessibility and assessment.

The book is centrally focused on human computer Interaction and how sensors within small and wide groups of Nano-robots employ Deep Learning for applications in industry. It covers a wide array of topics that are useful for researchers and students to gain knowledge about AI and sensors in nanobots.