Bøker utgitt av Springer International Publishing

In our daily lives, communication is prevalent. We don't just communicate because we want to; we need to. Often, we use words to understand each other. However, there are times when we observe people and try to comprehend their intentions. We rely on "body language". This reliance propagates the misleading idea that people communicate with their bodies just as they do with words. This is where misunderstandings frequently occur, sometimes even due to incorrect concepts propagated by so-called experts. The result is a loss of trust among readers or, worse, the disruption of interactions and relationships.Through a science-based approach, this work is primarily dedicated to all readers aged 18 and above who are passionate about communication and keen to understand others.Additionally, professionals from various sectors will find practical concepts and references for research, study, and daily work.

The past decade has brought to the fore the critical need to constantly envision and consider various scenarios where ongoing trends and sudden changes could together alter the provision of healthcare and the direction of medical research. This book brings together scholars whose areas of expertise represent different themes that are essential to understanding how healthcare might change and evolve over the next decade. What lessons can one take away from current and past developments? The themes explored by the book rest on four pillars. The first is the rapid pace and ubiquity of technological advances in areas such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, additive manufacturing and wearable electronics. The second pillar concerns healthy aging, longevity and the management of chronic diseases. The third is the imperative to remain cognizant of the ethical dimensions of medical decisions, adapting bioethics to ongoing changes in healthcare provision. Finally, the fourth pillar relates to how uncertainty in different domains of medical knowledge can be mitigated and translated into clinical practice. For example, how should uncertainty with the results of clinical trials for a new treatment be dealt with? What cost-benefit analyses would be most appropriate for the situation? Chapter authors identify respective challenges and promising opportunities, discussing how these could contribute to envisioning the future scope of healthcare when it comes to providing medical, economic and ethical values to human societies.Chapters 1, 4, 12, and 20 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

In light of recent global trends and crises, including the hasty withdrawal of Western troops from Afghanistan and the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine, this book sheds new light on global power shifts in multiple areas of international relations between industrialized countries and emerging powers.This book argues that "e;the global age"e; is rapidly supplanting "e;the modern age"e;, and that modernity is paving the way for globality. The events that are taking place in the 21st century can no longer be effectively described, understood or explained by the concept of modernity which originated more than 500 years ago.Further, this book challenges the academic and societal tendency to view international power-related phenomena on the basis of a dichotomy between hard and soft power. It assumes that another power source, independent of hard and soft power, does exist. Invisible, structure-manipulating, and effectively leveraged, it is precisely this "e;third power"e; that drives and shapes power phenomena in the "e;global age"e; more intensively than either hard or soft power.This book seeks to verify its core hypotheses by applying them to a set of selected global phenomena, particularly from the domains of geopolitics (Belt & Road Initiative, Iran conflict, war in Afghanistan, and competition for a new world order) and technology (Global Navigation Satellite Systems, 5G infrastructure, race for international standards, and ICT rivalry). Rather than systematically examining each of these issues, it focuses on extracting theoretical meanings from these cases to demonstrate the logic of globality and structural power, partly from global-horizontal perspectives, partly through a structural-vertical lens.

The book has been designed as a textbook for graduate and postgraduate students of physics, material science, and engineering. This is the third edition of the textbook, that is updated to reflect recent works in the field. In this edition, some new topics have been introduced while some of the existing topics like phonons, Drude -Lorentz model, Fermi levels, electrons, and holes, etc. are modified. Moreover, the book has complete information on semiconductor devices like tunnel diode, Gunn diode, photodiode, photoconductive diode, varactor diode, solar cell, LED, semiconductor lasers, and semiconductor detectors. All the chapters have been supplemented by solved and unsolved examples. Some of the chapters illustrate areas of current interest in solid-state physics to give the student practical working knowledge of the subject text in a simple and lucid manner. There is a fair amount of detail in the examples and derivations given in the text. Each section of the book has exercises to reinforce the concepts, and problems have been added at the end of each chapter. The detailed coverage and pedagogical tools make this an ideal textbook for students and researchers enrolled in graduate and postgraduate courses of physics, material science, and engineering.

Digitization, the global networking of individuals and organizations, and the transition from an industrial to an information society are key reasons for the importance of digital government. In particular, the enormous influence of the Internet as a global networking and communication system affects the performance of public services.This textbook introduces the concept of digital government as well as digital management and provides helpful insights and strategic advice for the successful implementation and maintenance of digital government systems. 

Looking at a variety of armament sectors, the book examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) impacts the fields of armament and arms control, how existing arms control measures will be affected by AI, and what new approaches based on AI have been or are currently developed. The significant increase in computing power, the increasing reliance on software, and the advent of (narrow) AI and deep-learning algorithms all have the potential to lead to disruptive changes for military operations and warfare, rendering many classical arms control instruments less effective, or even useless. On the other hand, AI might lead to completely new arms control approaches, raising the effectiveness and reliability of new verification measures. To provide a common understanding, the book starts by presenting a general introduction to the state of the art in artificial intelligence and arms control, and how the two topics are interrelated. The second part of the book looks at examples from various fields of weapon technology, including weapons of mass destruction (WMD), conventional armament, and emerging technologies. The final section offers a cross-cutting perspective based on the examples presented in the second part.This volume will appeal to students and scholars of international relations, as well as policy-makers and practitioners interested in a better understanding of peace and security studies in general, and armament and arms control in particular with a strong focus on AI. 

This textbook is exceptional in its coverage of modern theories on the patient-centered approach to communication, preventive dentistry, and dental anxiety. It provides the knowledge and tools required in order to implement a trauma-sensitive approach that will enhance the treatment experience for both the patient and the dental practitioner. General psychological aspects of dentistry and behavior management in patients who experience dental fear, anxiety, and pain are considered in detail. Extensive attention is devoted to the effective delivery of preventive care and dental treatment in a wide range of specific patient groups, including fearful and abused children and patients suffering from depression, personality disorders, psychosis, substance abuse disorders, and eating disorders. The importance of interdisciplinary cooperation and self-care in the dental clinic is also discussed. The book is an international collaborative effort between dentists and psychologists who draw on scientific research as well as their personal experiences in clinical practice. It is an excellent educational resource and will help readers to solve challenges in their own clinical settings. 

This volume dedicated to Dorit Ravid, offers 29 new chapters on the multiple facets of spoken and written language learning and usage from a group of illustrious scholars and scientists, focusing on typologically different languages and anchored in a variety of communicative settings. The book encompasses five interrelated yet distinct topics. One set of studies is in the field of developmental psycholinguistics, covering the acquisition of lexical and grammatical categories from toddlerhood to adolescence. A second topic involves a section of studies on the interface of cognition and language, with chapters on processing, production, comprehension, teaching and learning language in usage and in historical perspective. A third topic involves a theoretical and applied perspectives on the acquisition and development of literacy competence, including reading, writing, spelling and text production. A fourth topic brings together an array of studies on social, environmental and clinical diversity in language, highlighting novel issues in multilingualism, immigration, language and literacy disorders. Finally, a section of the volume examines in depth questions in Modern Hebrew linguistics, as the home language and launching base of Dorit Ravid's research work.

This book gathers, in a beautifully structured way, recent findings on chain conditions in commutative algebra that were previously only available in papers. The majority of chapters are self-contained, and all include detailed proofs, a wealth of examples and solved exercises, and a complete reference list. The topics covered include S-Noetherian, S-Artinian, Nonnil-Noetherian, and Strongly Hopfian properties on commutative rings and their transfer to extensions such as polynomial and power series rings, and more. Though primarily intended for readers with a background in commutative rings, modules, polynomials and power series extension rings, the book can also be used as a reference guide to support graduate-level algebra courses, or as a starting point for further research.

In the last decade, a great variety and volume of scholarly work has appeared on mind-wandering, a mental process involving a vast range of human life, connected with "e;first-person perspective"e; and "e;personhood"e;, submental thinking, mental autonomy, etc. While different and emerging features that flow into and out of one another (second field, mental travel, visual imagery, inner speech, unspecific memory, autobiographical memory, fantasies, introspection, etc.) and negative and positive approaches seem to describe mind-wandering, we offer an interdisciplinary theoretical and empirically informed and informative overview on mind-wandering studies and methodologies oriented toward the educational field. The aim is to transform and enrich the debate on mind-wandering but also to show how theoretical arguments and research findings could inform the teaching-learning context.This groundbreaking book, moves along three representations of developed scientific knowledge: imaginary lines, circles and spirals. The first section, "e;The Lines"e;, develops new lines of inquiry on attention (selective and sustained) and mind-wandering, the influence of age and mind-wandering, embodiment, consciousness and experience and mind-wandering. In the second section, the "e;Circles"e;, groups of Chapters on the same topic, methodology (tasks and measurement), intervention (auditory beat stimulation and mindfulness practices) and creativity, recreate a dance of interacting parts in which there are always profitable, decisive and retroactive exchanges between the information that each group or author activates. The last section, "e;The Spirals"e;, critically discusses the absence of a unified theoretical perspective, in the pedagogical field, attentive both to the processes of emergence and the interactions between parts. 

This volume gathers select proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Wave Mechanics and Vibrations (WMVC), held in Lisbon, Portugal, on July 4-6, 2022. It covers recent developments and cutting-edge methods in wave mechanics and vibrations applied to a wide range of engineering problems. It presents analytical and computational studies in structural mechanics, seismology and earthquake engineering, mechanical engineering, aeronautics, robotics and nuclear engineering among others. The volume will be of interest for students, researchers, and professionals interested in the wide-ranging applications of wave mechanics and vibrations. 

This book acknowledges and discusses the now politically infamous aspects of an American Muslim woman's life such as Islamophobia and hijab, but it more importantly examines how women actually deal with these obstacles, intentionally shifting the lens to capture a more holistic, nuanced understanding of their human experiences.  This text is based on a three-year-long qualitative interdisciplinary cultural and developmental psychology and gender systems study.  It uniquely organizes risks, protective factors, and coping mechanisms according to developmental life stages, from teenage to adulthood. Results show how second-generation Muslim American women's identities develop during adolescence (11-18), emerging adulthood (19-29), and adulthood (30-39) within multiple socio-cultural contexts.Discussions regarding Muslim Americans often erroneously equate "e;Muslim"e; with "e;Arab"e; or "e;Middle Eastern."e; By focusing on South Asian Muslim Americans, this work bluntly discusses the overlaps of South Asian culture with Islam, an important contribution to the field since the majority of immigrant Muslims in America are of South Asian descent. This study adds nuance and detail to American Muslim girls' and women's experiences while fighting misinformation and stereotypes. It is a significant contribution to anthropological developmental psychology and cultural psychology. The focus on a historically academically marginalized population is beneficial to students, researchers, and professionals in the field.

Advanced Theories of Educational Leadership presents recent models of leadership and analyzes their components and implications in the educational context. Each chapter features the scholarly background of each model, its components, antecedents, and critically analyzes its values and application to educational institutions. Special attention is given to issues of social justice, equity, equality, anti-racism, and the like. This core text provides aspiring school leaders and administrators with each model theory, and tools for applying it with special attention to issues of social justice, equity, diversity, and anti-racism alike. The book designed in a form of a course textbook for postgraduate students in the field of Educational Leadership and Administration in studying each model. Also, it provides professors of educational leadership in teaching contents and methods in their courses about school leadership, school improvement, Educational Leadership Development, Superintendents' Qualification; School Leadership Professional Development, every chapter includes teaching tools, reflection questions and practice activities for students, in addition the book informs researchers, and policymakers aiming at promoting multi-faceted educational leadership for equity and excellence and robust models of leading, improving and changing schools.

This book examines the ethical responsibilities of engineers and scientists in light of new advances in science with a distinct reflection on quantum mechanics. This thorough coverage of these new advances will assist the reader in rethinking our place in the universe and broadening a sense of ethical responsibility for the planet. This book addresses an approach to integrating these changes and deal with issues such as global climate change and the sixth extinction. This book compares new ideas in engineering that extend ethical boundaries beyond our present understanding in which Engineering ethics is locked in the world view of the 18th and 19th centuries. This books coverage examines how our understanding of the world has changed due to developments in science and society to include green, humanitarian, social justice, and omnium approaches to the engineering profession.  The coverage of societal and ethics in science and engineering practice are examined through four major areas.  Green engineering is the design that promotes the use of processes and products that minimize pollution, promote sustainability, and protect human health without sacrificing economic viability and efficiency. Humanitarian engineering seeks to directly improve the well-being of poor, marginalized, or under-served communities, which often lack the means to address pressing problems. Engineering for social justice imagines a new kind of engineering firmly affixed to the common good. Finally, a new approach, omnium engineering, seeks to promote an engineering profession that considers the wants and needs of all life forms not only that of the human speciesThe scope of this treatise is to examine the premise that the earth is facing grave crises when confronting global climate change and the sixth extinction. Engineering may be the planet's last best hope, but it requires a new ethic that takes a much broader view of the profession's ethical responsibilities.  Moreover, the engineering ethic is rooted in the science of the past (Newtonian mechanic). Science has changed (quantum mechanics) but the engineering world view has not. Embracing this new science will inevitably lead to a new story of our responsibilities towards the planet.

This book advances the agenda of informality as a transnational phenomenon, recognizing that contemporary urban and regional challenges need to be addressed at both local and global levels. This project may be considered a call for action. Its urgency derives from the impact of the pandemic combined with the effects of climate change in informal settlements around the world. While the notion of "e;the informal"e; is usually associated with the analysis and interventions in informal settlements, this book expands the concept of informality to acknowledge its interdisciplinary parameters.The book is geographically organized into five sections. The first part provides a conceptual overview of the notion of "e;the informal,"e; serving as an introduction and reflection on the subject. The following sections are dedicated to the principal regions of the Global South-Latin America, US-Mexico Borderlands, Asia, and Africa-while considering the interconnections and correspondences between urbanism in the Global South and the Global North.This book offers a critical introduction to groundbreaking theories and design practices of informality in the built environment. It provides essential reading for scholars, professionals, and students in urban studies, architecture, city planning, urban geography, sociology, anthropology, cultural studies, economics, and the arts. As a critical survey of informality, the book examines history, theory, and production across a range of informal practices and phenomena in urbanism, architecture, activism, and participatory design. Authored by a diverse and international cohort of leading educators, theorists, and practitioners, 45 chapters refine and expand the discourse surrounding informal cities.

This book focuses on the recovery and new normal in a post-Covid scenario, drawing important lessons from the pandemic and proposing new ideas for sustainable development, endogenous dynamism, and inclusive growth. The book presents different ideas and perspectives about the present and the future, reflecting on four main fields of our economic reality: macroeconomics, governments, technology, and society. It discusses important topics for future economic scenarios, beginning with an estimation of the economic consequences of the absence of an equitable distribution of vaccines. Further topics discussed include the government's debts sustainability, the probability of an inflation/deflation or of a stagflation scenario, as well as the impact of US and European economic policies on economic growth.  The book further investigates the economic costs of the pandemic, which have fallen most heavily on those least able to bear them. It examines governments subsidies, which supported people and firms through wage subsidies, unemployment benefits, and other fiscal measures, and discusses the question of whether more investment in health care, education, and other public services will still be needed. In a time of immense change and global challenges, this book is a must-read for scholars, researchers, and students of economics, as well as policy-makers interested in a better understanding of economic growth, energy, environment, migration, development, digital transformation, and demography.

This book offers an accessible introduction to random walk and diffusion models at a level consistent with the typical background of students in the life sciences. In recent decades these models have become widely used in areas far beyond their traditional origins in physics, for example, in studies of animal behavior, ecology, sociology, sports science, population genetics, public health applications, and human decision making.  Developing the main formal concepts, the book provides detailed and intuitive step-by-step explanations, and moves smoothly from simple to more complex models. Finally, in the last chapter, some successful and original applications of random walk and diffusion models in the life and behavioral sciences are illustrated in detail. The treatment of basic techniques and models is consolidated and extended throughout by a set of carefully chosen exercises.  

This book deals with topics of current interest, such as climate change, floods, drought, and hydrological extremes. The impact of climate change on water resources is drawing worldwide attention these days, for water resources in many countries are already stressed and climate change along with burgeoning population, rising standard of living, and increasing demand are adding to the stress. Further, river basins are becoming less resilient to climatic vagaries. Fundamental to addressing these issues is hydrological modelling which is covered in these books. Further, integrated water resources management is vital to ensure water and food security. Integral to the management is groundwater and solute transport. The books encompass tools that will be useful to mitigate the adverse consequences of natural disasters. This book provides many new and innovative methods to assess groundwater and estimate water pollution. Groundwater recharge, solute transport, ground water modelling are some of the important variable used to estimate the groundwater movement, hydraulic gradient and pollution movement. The water quality is another important variable of river Ganga and its tributaries in India and other rivers over the globe.  

This book provides retail managers with a practical guide to using data. It covers three topics that are key areas of innovation for retailers: Algorithmic Marketing, Logistics, and Pricing. Use cases from these areas are presented and discussed in a conceptual and comprehensive manner. Retail managers will learn how data analysis can be used to optimize pricing, customer loyalty and logistics without complex algorithms.The goal of the book is to help managers ask the right questions during a project, which will put them on the path to making the right decisions. It is thus aimed at practitioners who want to use advanced techniques to optimize their retail organization.

This book features selected articles based on contributions presented at the 9th International Symposium on Optics and Its Applications (OPTICS-2022) in Yerevan-Ashtarak, Armenia. The annual OPTICS symposium brings together renowned experts from all over the world working in the fields of atomic optics, plasmonics, optics of nanostructures, as well as the optics of condensed matter, and provides a perfect setting for their discussions of the most recent developments in this area.The 9th iteration in this series, dedicated to the 80th birthday of Academician Eduard Kazaryan, focuses on topics dealing with the spectroscopy of real and artificial atoms, linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of quantum wells, and two-dimensional materials. The book highlights recent results of few-particle optical characteristics of artificial atoms in the framework of the exactly solvable Moshinsky model, as well as an electro-optical analog of the magneto-optical Faraday effect. In addition, a detailed study of the nucleation process, its characterization, as well as electronic and optical properties of graded composition quantum dots in the StranskiKrastanov growth mode, is presented.

This edited volume discusses the life and scholarship of Friedrich Engels. Written to commemorate the two-hundred-year anniversary of Engels' birth, the contributions take a look into his research from a variety of viewpoints, trace the influence of his predecessors, and critically evaluate his place within 19th century scholarship. In addition, specific topics are taken up, such as his (mis)assessment of American capitalism, his influence on the Italian labor movement, the thematization of social problems and the relevance of his thought in a global economy. Providing a fresh look at the co-founder of scientific socialism, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students of contemporary political, social and economic systems, the history of economic thought, and political history.

This book explores topics in multivariate statistical analysis, relevant in the real and complex domains. It utilizes simplified and unified notations to render the complex subject matter both accessible and enjoyable, drawing from clear exposition and numerous illustrative examples. The book features an in-depth treatment of theory with a fair balance of applied coverage, and a classroom lecture style so that the learning process feels organic. It also contains original results, with the goal of driving research conversations forward.This will be particularly useful for researchers working in machine learning, biomedical signal processing, and other fields that increasingly rely on complex random variables to model complex-valued data. It can also be used in advanced courses on multivariate analysis. Numerous exercises are included throughout.

This book examines the nuances and specifications of mental health in elite athletes. It meets the market need for a reference that utilizes a narrow scope to focus on the unique nature of this demographic's mental health. It enriches the understanding and appreciation of mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes and thus the ability to appropriately address those issues.   The book first addresses the essential topics necessary for an authoritative resource on mental health, such as general mental health disorder symptoms, diagnoses, and treatment. Subsequent chapters then dive into the very specific issues affecting elite athletes, including the adverse effects of overtraining, sports-related concussions, behavioral addictions, and psychological responses to injury and illness. Closing chapters then analyze mental health disorders and issues specific to diverse demographics such as youth athletes, Paralympic athletes, and athletes of various ethnic and religious backgrounds. Timely and essential, Mental Health Care for Elite Athletes is an invaluable reference for a variety of healthcare professionals who work with elite athletes and interested non-medical members of the athlete entourage, such as coaches and family.

The primary purpose of this book is to present the state-of-the-art of mobile cloud computing and applications with an emphasis on energy-efficiency. The future research directions are also highlighted in this book to enrich the global market-place of mobile cloud computing services facilitating the scientific, industrial, business, and consumer applications. We expect that the book will serve as a reference to a large number of readers including researchers, system architects, practitioners, and graduate-level students. This book focuses on an emerging area that has considerable research interest, momentum, and interest of commercial developers. The target reader of this book are professional developers, under-graduate and post-graduate students, and researchers. As mobile cloud computing, as well as green computing, will have a major impact on the quality of science and society over the next few years, its knowledge will enrich our readers to be at the forefront of the field.This book reports the latest research advances in the area of green mobile cloud computing. The book covers the architecture, services, methods, applications, and future research directions of green mobile cloud computing.