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There is a growing interest in unmet needs for the development of a new discipline in drug discovery and in university education on polypharmacology. However, there has not been a book with the comprehensive compilation of basic knowledge and advanced methodology that is needed. This book aims to meet the needs making Polypharmacology a new sub-discipline of Pharmacology, not only being a hot area of pharmacological research and education but also a new paradigm for drug discovery. It contains the contents covering the entire scope of Polypharmacology including systemic in-depth exposition of basic knowledge, novel concepts, innovative technologies, and translational and clinical applications by showcasing state-of-the-art strategies and step-by-step instructions of cutting-edge methods. The contents of this book targets broad readerships including scientists in pharmacology research and drug development, and university teachers and graduates in medical school or school of pharmacy.

This book comprises a detailed consideration of novel approaches developed in the field of frequency conversion of laser sources in laser-induced plasmas during the last few years. The aim of the book is to support researchers and other readers in their development in the area of high-order nonlinear spectroscopy. Particularly, the advanced studies of nanoparticles and quantum dots for the formation of new sources of radiation in different short-wavelength spectral ranges show the ways to further implement the specific features of small-sized species in a relatively new field of study-laser ablation induced high-order harmonics generation spectroscopy.Researchers involved in the development of new methods of frequency conversion will benefit from finding the most recent advances in this field. Undergraduate students will discover interesting information about recent findings in plasma harmonic research. Additionally, the usefulness of the book will be demonstrated by the potential applications of the new knowledge developed during recent years for ultrafast pulse generation using the proposed schemes of plasma-light interaction. Thus, the audience may also include those researchers involved in state-of-the-art developments in attophysics. Additionally, any professionals interested in the application of the advanced techniques for material science will also benefit from updating their knowledge of new methods of material studies using high-order nonlinear spectroscopy.

This handbook integrates a range of conceptual and empirical approaches to diplomacy in the context of ongoing technological and societal change. Technological and societal disruptions affect modern diplomacy, altering its character and reforming its way. In light of such changes, this book offers both historical foundations and contemporary perspectives in the field. By doing so, it demonstrates how contemporary change impacts the work of diplomats representing sovereign states. Global diplomatic services will forever be affected by the digitalization of engagement between states during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In this rapidly changing culture, with burgeoning geopolitical and geostrategic realignment among global powers, the tools of diplomacy have changed. The state¿s foreign policy astuteness and responses to these changes could have long-term impacts. All this culminates in opportunities for improving the management of diplomaticservices and efficiency of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) of various states. This book provides useful insights into how modern diplomacy works, especially the integration of informalities into formal diplomatic practices in complex peace and security environments, within such a framework of change.

The book aims at presenting a multidisciplinary view meant to illustrate several significant efforts and results about the contribution of information technologies to make available new resources and enable rationally usage the existing ones in the context of the ever-growing trends to use ever more resources. Authors from various countries have been invited to contribute so that a rather broad and balanced image about the current trends and recent results obtained could result. The proposed book addresses methodologies and information technology-based tools and systems designed for the efficient use of diverse resources such as manpower and human knowledge, natural resources including water, raw materials and end of life products, financial assets, datasets, and even cultural goods. The book is organized in ten chapters. It is intended to be insightful for researchers, instructors, and planers from various domains. It can also be used as an auxiliary material for postgraduate studies in applied informatics, business administration, industrial engineering, engineering and management, computer, and digital humanities.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most challenging procedures in facial plastic surgery, as treatment has to be carefully tailored for each patient; nowadays the concept of preservation rhinoplasty is particularly sought-after, allowing to conserve cartilage bone structure, and avoiding secondary surgery with costal grafts. Thought for the young surgeon in training, this richly illustrated clinical cases atlas in rhinoplasty offers all needed tools to correctly classify the malformation and choose the best reproducible treatment. Chapters clearly illustrate the principal approach with closed technique, to which specific parts on transcolumellar approaches are added, beginning with the simpler cases and progressing stepwise to more complex cases. Each part is supported by the addition of high quality illustrations and surgical videos to foster the reader¿s understanding and preparation of practical steps and best choices, offering direct support in the operating room. The chapters move fromthe clinical examination, to photography, topography and deformation measurement (TDM) in 3D, computer simulations and the building of a dedicated preoperative check list to endure a careful patient approach and secure the best outcomes for the most frequent rhinoplasty cases. Plastic surgeons in training and ENT doctors alike will find this Clinical Atlas of Primary Rhinoplasty to be a handy guide to resort to, when wanting to improve their daily practice.Via app: download the SN More Media app for free, scan a link with play button and videos directly on your smartphone or tablet.

This book describes Hungarian karst areas and Hungarian karst research results. The chapters present the general characteristics of karst areas, their geology, their paleokarst, their hydrology, their surface and subsurface morphology (more significant caves are classified according to karst areas and their morphology and development is described), ecology and flora and fauna.This book also includes a separate chapter which deals with the history of Hungarian karst and cave research. Another chapter deals with theories that were made during Hungarian karst researches.

This book by leading international experts provides an evidence-based approach to electrical stimulation of the upper airway, beginning with patient selection, implant techniques, trouble shootings, patient pathways, titrations during daytime and sleep as also new innovative techniques such as stimulation of the ansa cervicalis and the phrenic nerve. Key Features: nbsp;      Superbly illustrated schematic drawings and full-colored photographs;nbsp;      Step-by-step description of surgical concepts and techniques on all of the market available systems (Inspire, Nyxoah, LivaNova, Remede);nbsp;      Complete online media library with videos on the surgical procedures;nbsp;      New surgical steps presented for well established procedures (e.g. 2-incicions technique);nbsp;      Discussion of outcomes, success rates, risks, and potential troubleshooting's, where evidenced-based data are not available, expert opinion is provided.  Upper Airway Stimulation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea will be welcomed by residents, fellows, and board-certified surgeons in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery.

The book provides, in a comprehensive yet concise way, essential information to improve the knowledge and skills of all healthcare providers involved in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. The content does not focus on general information that is widely available via different sources, but on technical aspects - "e;hands-on"e; daily practices and principles of radiation oncology that are not included in other books. Drawing on information taught in courses at e.g. the ESTRO School, as well as the authors' broad clinical experience, the respective contributions reflect and share the expertise of leading experts in breast cancer radiation therapy, supported by sound data and evidence. Each chapter includes a short introduction summarizing the evidence in the literature and "e;pearls"e; (a short bullet-point summary), and is enriched by tables, figures and illustrations to provide a concise, easy-to-follow and appealing overview.The book, containing also useful electronic supplementary material, will be of interest to a wide range of readers, including radiation oncologists, radiation technicians, medical physicists, and others involved in breast cancer care.

Bayesian analysis is one of the important tools for statistical modelling and inference. Bayesian frameworks and methods have been successfully applied to solve practical problems in reliability and survival analysis, which have a wide range of real world applications in medical and biological sciences, social and economic sciences, and engineering. In the past few decades, significant developments of Bayesian inference have been made by many researchers, and advancements in computational technology and computer performance has laid the groundwork for new opportunities in Bayesian computation for practitioners.Because these theoretical and technological developments introduce new questions and challenges, and increase the complexity of the Bayesian framework, this book brings together experts engaged in groundbreaking research on Bayesian inference and computation to discuss important issues, with emphasis on applications to reliability and survival analysis. Topics covered are timely and have the potential to influence the interacting worlds of biostatistics, engineering, medical sciences, statistics, and more. The included chapters present current methods, theories, and applications in the diverse area of biostatistical analysis. The volume as a whole serves as reference in driving quality global health research.  

Process Control details the core knowledge and practical skills that a successful process control practitioner needs. It explains the essential technologies that are in use in current industrial practice or which may be wanting for the future. The book focuses on practical considerations, not only on those that make a control solution work, but also on those that prevent it from failing, especially for complex control loops and plant-wide control solutions.After discussing the indispensable role of control in modern process industries, the authors concentrate on the skills required for process analysis, control design, and troubleshooting. One of the first books to provide a systematic approach and structured methodology for process analysis and control design, Process Control illustrates that methodology with many practical examples that cover process control, equipment control, and control calculations derived from real projects and applications. The book uses 229 drawings and 83 tables to make the concepts it presents more intuitive and its methodology easy to follow.Process Control will help the practising control engineer to benefit from a wealth of practical experience and good ideas on how to make control work in the real world and students training to take up roles in process control are shown the applied relevance of control theory in the efficient functioning of industrial plant and the considerations needed to make it work.Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.

European leaders faced the Covid-19 pandemic by adopting very different leadership styles, characterized by diverging approaches to crisis communication, power management, and relationship-building with actors and stakeholders in the public sphere. The pandemic also highlighted the importance of the already-existing cleavage between populism and technocracy, positioning it at the centre of the political scene.These complex circumstances required a multidisciplinary perspective grounded in political sociology and communication studies. To address these issues, this book analyses the communication and leadership styles of seven European leaders, grouped into ¿political families¿. It analyses the cases of Angela Merkel and Erna Solberg to understand if and how female leaderships differentiated from their male counterparts. It then analyses the relationship between techno-populism and professional politics by comparing the cases of Giuseppe Conte, Emmanuel Macron and Pedro Sanchez.Finally, it focuses on populist leaders Boris Johnson and Victor Orbán, who represent emblematic cases with opposite outcomes.

This volume offers a comprehensive overview of Chinese language teaching in New Zealand, in light of the declining interest in foreign language learning in Anglophone countries. While existing scholarly works have discussed Chinese language education in other Anglophone countries, this book is the first to provide an in-depth examination of the landscape of Chinese language teaching in contemporary, multicultural New Zealand, featuring insights from leading experts. The book consists of 21 chapters written by 29 contributors, including research students, experienced teachers, and leading scholars in every educational sector, from preschool to university and from mainstream education to community schools.As the first volume to focus on this subject, the book provides both historical perspectives and multilevel analyses of critical milestones, based on the latest data, policy changes, and politico-economic conditions shaping the future direction of Chineselanguage education in New Zealand. Its purpose is to offer insights and an overview of the New Zealand case that can help policymakers, programme leaders, researchers, teachers, and learners in the Anglophone world and beyond, to better respond to the rapidly changing and challenging environments they face.In addition to the Foreword by Patricia Duff and the Epilogue, the book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in Chinese language education in New Zealand, and serves as a catalyst for further discussion and research on this topic.Chapters ¿Teaching Chinese in the Anglophone World: An Overview of the New Zealand Case¿, ¿Chinese as a Heritage Language in New Zealand: A Historical Overview¿ and ¿The Teaching of Mandarin Chinese in New Zealand¿s Schools: Where Have We Come From? Where Are We Now? Where Are We Going?¿ are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book uses settler colonialism, critical race, and tribal critical race theories to examine the relationship between settler colonialism and Indigenous and Black disproportionality in the criminal justice systems of the English-speaking Western liberal democracies of the UK, USA, Canada, and Australia. It argues that the colonial legacies of the respective countries established a set of subjugating strategies that continue to manifest today in criminal justice disproportionality. Erroneously thought of as a concluded historical event, the modern manifestation of the subjugating strategies is embodied in punitive law enforcement actions disproportionately targeting Indigenous and Black bodies. This book examines how we got to this point in history, opening the door for a discourse on how we might untether the respective criminal justice systems from their colonial practices in the name of social justice. Finally, the book offers educational opportunities for sociologists, criminologists, social workers, criminal justice reform advocates, and other stakeholders.

There are several textbooks and monographs on dislocations and the mechanical and physical properties of metals, but most of them discuss the topics in terms of more or less one-dimensional or scalar quantities. However, actual metallic materials are often three-dimensionally heterogeneous in their microstructure, and this heterogeneity has a significant impact on the macroscopic mechanical properties. With advances in computational technology, the complexity introduced by spatial heterogeneity in the microstructure of metals can now be explored using numerical methods. This book explains in simple terms the idea of extending the continuum mechanics theory of plastic deformation of crystals to three-dimensional analysis and applying it to the analysis of more realistic models of metal microstructures. This book links solid mechanics and materials science by providing clear physical pictures and mathematical models of plastic slip deformation and the accumulation of dislocations and atomic vacancies in metallic materials. Both monotonic and cyclic loading cases are considered.

This book presents select, recent developments in nonlinear and complex systems reported at the 1st Online Conference on Nonlinear Dynamics and Complexity, held on November 23-25, 2020. It provides an exchange recent developments, discoveries, and progresses in Nonlinear Dynamics and Complexity. The collection presents fundamental and frontier theories and techniques for modern science and technology, stimulates more research interest for exploration of nonlinear science and complexity; and passes along new knowledge and insight to the next generation of engineers and technologists in a range of fields. 

The Politics of Speech in Later Twentieth-Century Poetry: Local Tongues in Heaney, Brooks, Harrison, and Clifton argues that local speech became a central facet of English-language poetry in the second half of the twentieth century. It is based on a key observation about four major poets from both sides of the Atlantic: Seamus Heaney, Gwendolyn Brooks, Tony Harrison, and Lucille Clifton all respond to societal crises by arranging, reproducing, and reconceiving their particular versions of local speech in poetic form. The book¿s overarching claim is that ¿local tongues¿ in poetry have the capacity to bridge aesthetic and sociopolitical realms because nonstandard local speech declares its distinction from the status quo and binds people who have been subordinated by hierarchical social conditions, while harnessing those versions of speech into poetic structures can actively counter the very hierarchies that would degrade those languages. The diverse local tongues of these fourpoets marshaled into the forms of poetry situate them at once in literary tradition, in local contexts, and in prevailing social constructs.

Einstein's field equations of gravitation are a core element of his general theory of relativity. In four short communications to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin in November 1015, we can follow the final steps toward these equations and the resulting theory's spectacular success in accounting for the anomalous motion of Mercury's perihelion. This source book provides an expert guide to these four groundbreaking papers. Following an introductory essay placing these papers in the context of the development of Einstein's theory, it presents and analyzes, in addition to the four papers of November 1915, a careful selection of (critical excerpts from) papers, letters, and manuscripts documenting the path that early on led Einstein to the field equations of the first November 1915 paper, but then took a turn away from them only to lead back to them in the end. Drawing on extensive research at the Einstein Papers Project and the Max Planck Institute for History of Science, this volume traces the intricate interplay between considerations of physics and considerations of mathematics that guided Einstein along this path. It thus presents a concise yet authoritative account of how Einstein found his field equations, affording readers who are prepared to immerse themselves in these intricacies a unique glimpse of Einstein at work at the height of his creative prowess. Highlights of this journey in Einstein's footsteps include the crucial pages (with detailed annotation) from the Zurich Notebook, the record of Einstein's early search for field equation with his mathematician friend Marcel Grossmann, and the Einstein-Besso manuscript, documenting Einstein's attempts with his friend and confidant Michele Besso to explain the Mercury anomaly on the basis of the equations that he and Grossmann had eventually settled on in the Zurich Notebook.