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This book explores an under-researched but vital part of education: the first year at primary/elementary school. The work shows that children¿s progress varies enormously from school to school, class to class and child to child. This variation is important because the more progress that children make in that first year of school, the higher their academic attainment at the end of compulsory schooling. The iPIPS (international Performance Indicators in Primary Schools) project, upon which this book is based, has been able to provide deeper insights into some of the key issues within and across different contexts whilst highlighting new and some ongoing issues. Despite all the work there remain unanswered or new puzzling issues which are also explored. We need to know how to improve the education at that stage and, more broadly, we need greater clarity about when children should be taught to read and be introduced to formal arithmetic, in other words, when they should start school. We also need to be clearer about whether, when and how young children should be assessed. The book will suggest some answers but it will raise important questions and dilemmas for which we do not, as yet, have answers.

Automatic Control with Interactive Tools is a textbook for undergraduate study of automatic control. Providing a clear course structure, and covering concepts taught in engineering degrees, this book is an ideal companion to those studying or teaching automatic control. The authors have used this text successfully to teach their students.By providing unique interactive tools, which have been designed to illustrate the most important automatic control concepts, Automatic Control with Interactive Tools helps students overcome the potential barriers presented by the significant mathematical content of automatic control courses. Even when they have previously had only the benefit of an introductory control course, the software tools presented will help readers to get to grips with the use of such techniques as differential equations, linear algebra, and differential geometry. This textbook covers the breadth of automatic control topics, including time responses of dynamic systems, the Nyquist criterion and PID control. It switches smoothly between analytical and practical approaches. Automatic Control with Interactive Tools offers a clear introduction to automatic control, ideal for undergraduate students, instructors and anyone wishing to familiarize themselves with the fundamentals of the subject

This book presents applicable guidance into sensor system hardware and software design, extensions, and integration aimed at utilization of 1-wire networks. The content is structured from the design of the sensor system architecture¿hardware and software¿through the implementation and optimization of the solution to the practical verification. The hardware part consists of the design of specific solutions for sensor data collection and the design and integration of standard and special sensors into these solutions. The development of the hardware solutions is focused on integration with 32-bit microcontrollers with ARM Cortex M0 to Cortex M4 cores. For the sensor solutions, the focus is on design versatility and miniaturization of dimensions with respect to the availability of the technology in the physical design. The focus is on minimizing power consumption to the design of power independent modules. The presented solution includes the design and implementation of the software layer,which includes control software for direct communication with the sensor modules as well as an information system for continuous data storage and remote access. The book presents an extensive case study that describes the design and development of a 1-wire bus controller hardware module solution with proprietary modifications that achieve improvements to the maximum 1-wire bus length. The study also includes the design and implementation of a universal and power independent 1-wire bus device. Using this module, almost any sensor can be connected to the 1-wire bus.

This handbook covers the medicinal and chemical properties of Ayurvedic medicines, the plants that produce them and the currently known organic compounds that occur therein. It provides therapeutic attributes of each plant as well as indicates its potential for use as modern herbal or molecular drug. It combines the works of Ayurvedic folk medicine with modern pharmacology, botany, and chemistry in a singularly effective way. It also provides a useful standardization of classical Ayurvedic formulations. Consisting of numerous photographs of medicinal plants, this handbook will serve as an excellent reference work for chemists, botanists, pharmacists, and medical professionals.

This multidisciplinary volume examines the meaning of global conflict and cooperation by international actors that can be caused by dis- or misinformation to people and discusses how to build diplomacy for peace and regional cooperation. The book further identifies boundaries of the relationships among the various governments of the world, transatlantic alliances, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, transnational corporations, and the overall interdependence of nations in the making of the modern world. Topics discussed in this volume include diplomacy, international relations theory, Eurasia politics, European Union, Brexit, Taliban taking over of Kabul government, and the ongoing Afghanistan conflict, terrorism, ISIS and Al Qaeda, international law, international organizations, interstate and intrastate war, threats and challenges, global civil society, religion, and culture. The volume advances contemporary theories and concepts to explain these issues concerning peoples and cultures in the complex world we live in.The book is a must-read for students, researchers, and scholars of international relations, political science, political history, political geography, economics, and law in general, as well as diplomacy, political communication, and security studies in particular.

Ocular surface diseases in children have not always been well understood and the literature in this age group is limited. The consequences of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis include visually significant scarring and amblyopia, thus with real impact on their quality of life and ultimate visual potential. Recently, there has been an increase in clinical and research focus on these diseases, contributing to a growing awareness of their importance to pediatric visual health. This book is the first comprehensive volume dedicated to pediatric ocular surface diseases. It provides an up-to-date and highly illustrated discussion of the pathophysiology, symptomatology and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of these less commonly understood diseases, in a format that is readily absorbed by trainees and seasoned physicians alike. The aim of this book is to provide a practical and detailed understanding of ocular surface disease in the pediatric population,as many of these corneal conditions in children require unique therapeutic approaches and may have subtle presentations. Chapters will address key issues, such as dry eye disease, Steven Johnson Syndrome and neurotrophic keratitis, that can have a profound impact on children¿s visual and social development. Pediatric Ocular Surface Disease is a must-have resource for pediatric ophthalmology fellows, cornea fellows, pediatric ophthalmologists, and cornea specialists.

This book describes the application of signal and image processing technologies, artificial intelligence, and machine learning techniques to support Covid-19 diagnosis and treatment. The book focuses on two main applications: critical diagnosis requiring high precision and speed, and treatment of symptoms, including those affecting the cardiovascular and neurological systems.The areas discussed in this book range from signal processing, time series analysis, and image segmentation to detection and classification. Technical approaches include deep learning, transfer learning, transformers, AutoML, and other machine learning techniques that can be considered not only for Covid-19 issues but also for different medical applications, with slight adjustments to the problem under study.The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted the entire world and changed how societies and individuals interact. Due to the high infection and mortality rates, and the multiple consequences of the virusinfection in the human body, the challenges were vast and enormous. These necessitated the integration of different disciplines to address the problems. As a global response, researchers across academia and industry made several developments to provide computational solutions to support epidemiologic, managerial, and health/medical decisions. To that end, this book provides state-of-the-art information on the most advanced solutions.

Unmanned systems are one of the fastest-growing and widely developing technologies in the world, offering many possibilities for a variety of research fields. This book comprises the proceedings of the 2021 International Symposium on Unmanned Systems and the Defense Industry (ISUDEF), a multi-disciplinary conference on a broad range of current research and issues in areas such as autonomous technology, unmanned aircraft technologies, avionics, radar systems, air defense, aerospace robotics and mechatronics, and aircraft technology design. ISUDEF allows researchers, scientists, engineers, practitioners, policymakers, and students to exchange information, present new technologies and developments, and discuss future direction, strategies, and priorities in the field of autonomous vehicles and unmanned aircraft technologies.Covers a range of emerging topics;Addresses current issues on autonomous vehicles and unmanned aircraft;Full proceedings of ISUDEF 2021held at Howard University.

This book explores 2010s Hong Kong film industry, focusing on its (presumably) independent sector. Although frequently mentioned in global film industry studies, the term ¿independent film¿ does not always carry a clear meaning. Starting with this point, this book studies closely Hong Kong¿s new indie cinema of the 2010s from political, economic, social, cultural, and film industrial perspectives, arguing that this indie cinema was vital to the long-term sustainability of the city¿s film industry.

This book explores AI methodologies for the implementation of affective states in intelligent learning environments. Divided into four parts, Multimodal Affective Computing: Technologies and Applications in Learning Environments begins with an overview of Affective Computing and Intelligent Learning Environments, from their fundamentals and essential theoretical support up to their fusion and some successful practical applications. The basic concepts of Affective Computing, Machine Learning, and Pattern Recognition in Affective Computing, and Affective Learning Environments are presented in a comprehensive and easy-to-read manner. In the second part, a review on the emerging field of Sentiment Analysis for Learning Environments is introduced, including a systematic descriptive tour through topics such as building resources for sentiment detection, methods for data representation, designing and testing the classification models, and model integration into a learningsystem. The methodologies corresponding to Multimodal Recognition of Learning-Oriented Emotions are presented in the third part of the book, where topics such as building resources for emotion detection, methods for data representation, multimodal recognition systems, and multimodal emotion recognition in learning environments are presented. The fourth and last part of the book is devoted to a wide application field of the combination of methodologies, such as Automatic Personality Recognition, dealing with issues such as building resources for personality recognition, methods for data representation, personality recognition models, and multimodal personality recognition for affective computing. This book can be very useful not only for beginners who are interested in affective computing and intelligent learning environments, but also for advanced and experts in the practice and developments of the field. It complies an end-to-end treatment on these subjects, especially with educational applications, making it easy for researchers and students to get on track with fundamentals, established methodologies, conventional evaluation protocols, and the latest progress on these subjects.

The textbook describes the complexity of the human dynamic behavior in space and its ability to produce coordinated, adaptive, dynamically stable movements under steady conditions while negotiating complex terrains and experiencing unexpected perturbations. Applying fundamental theories of biomechanics and physiology, the authors further consider the physical, perceptual, and motor aspects of the locomotor system towards the analysis of how humans can behave adaptively in space by virtue of their intelligent sensory-motor functions and to illuminate our understanding of how this complexity in behavior can provide insight into the neural control of locomotion of the musculoskeletal system. The text provides a foundation for describing the normal and abnormal human locomotor systems.¿ The Human Locomotor System: Physiological and Technological Foundations is intended as a primary text for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in neuroscience, gait analysis, kinesiology, physical therapy, sports science, and biomedical and rehabilitation engineering. It is also a valuable professional reference for scientists and engineers at medical and pharmaceutical companies involved in bioengineering research and development.

This book overcomes the separation existing in literature between the static and the dynamic bifurcation worlds. It brings together buckling and post-buckling problems with nonlinear dynamics, the bridge being represented by the perturbation method, i.e., a mathematical tool that allows for solving static and dynamic problems virtually in the same way. The book is organized as follows: Chapter one gives an overview; Chapter two illustrates phenomenological aspect of static and dynamic bifurcations; Chapter three deals with linear stability analysis of dynamical systems; Chapter four and five discuss the general theory and present examples of buckling and post-buckling of elastic structures; Chapter six describes a linearized approach to buckling, usually adopted in the technical literature, in which pre-critical deformations are neglected; Chapters seven to ten, analyze elastic and elasto-plastic buckling of planar systems of beams, thin-walled beams and plate assemblies, respectively; Chapters eleven to thirteen, illustrate dynamic instability phenomena, such as flutter induced by follower forces, aeroelastic bifurcations caused by wind flow, and parametric excitation triggered by pulsating loads. Finally, Chapter fourteen discusses a large gallery of solved problems, concerning topics covered in the book. An Appendix presents the Vlasov theory of open thin-walled beams. The book is devoted to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, as well as engineers and practitioners. The methods illustrated here are immediately applicable to model real problems.The BookIntroduces, in a simple way, complex concepts of bifurcation theory, by making use of elementary mathematicsGives a comprehensive overview of bifurcation of linear and nonlinear structures, in static and dynamic fieldsContains a chapter in which many problems are solved, either analytically or numerically, and results commented

This book offers a critical account of film performances by nonprofessional actors. Nonprofessional actors ¿ actors without previous acting training or experience ¿ have performed in films since the days of the Lumière brothers. Generally associated with currents such as Early Soviet Cinema, Italian Neorealism and New Argentine Cinema, nonprofessional actors also feature prominently in the works of celebrated directors including Pier Paolo Pasolini, Robert Bresson and Joanna Hogg. Since the turn of the century and the rise of digital filmmaking, the performances of nonprofessional actors have remained a staple of independent cinemas from all over the world, including films associated with the loose trend often referred to as Slow Cinema. Despite their enduring presence in acclaimed and widely discussed films, nonprofessional actors have received scant scholarly attention. This book proposes to analyse exemplary nonprofessional performances from across the history of cinema as a means of illuminating their significance and celebrating the performers¿ contributions to the films.

This book brings together the latest information on almond genomics and transcriptomics, with a particular focus on cutting-edge findings, tools, and strategies employed in genome sequencing and analysis with regard to the most important agronomic traits. Cultivated almond [(Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb, syn. Prunus amygdalus Batsch., Amygdalus communis L., Amygdalus dulcis Mill.)] is a tree crop producing seeds of great economic interest, and adapted to hot and dry climates. Domesticated in Southeast Asia, its small diploid genome and phenotypic diversity make it an ideal model to complement genomics studies on peach, generally considered to be the reference Prunus species. Both represent consanguineous species that evolved in two distinct environments: warmer and more humid in the case of peach, and colder and xerophytic for almond. The advent of affordable whole-genome sequencing, in combination with existing Prunus functional genomics data, has now made it possible to leverage the novel diversity found in almond, providing an unmatched resource for the genetic improvement of this species.

Das Buch enthält Beiträge von 18 Autoren aus verschiedenen Ländern und analysiert die jüngste Rechtsprechung des EuGH zu den Außenkompetenzen der Europäischen Union. Es befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen der EU-Werte auf ihre Beziehungen zu den östlichen Nachbarländern. Der erste Teil konzentriert sich auf die Entwicklung und die aktuellen Herausforderungen des außenpolitischen Handelns der Europäischen Union, während der zweite Teil die Zusammenarbeit der EU mit ihren östlichen Nachbarn und Eurasien darstellt. Das Buch befasst sich mit den Assoziierungsabkommen mit den Ländern der Östlichen Partnerschaft mit den östlichen Nachbarländern und Eurasien, den erweiterten Partnerschaftsabkommen in den östlichen Nachbarländern und im postsowjetischen Raum sowie den derzeitigen und künftigen vertraglichen Beziehungen zur Eurasischen Wirtschaftsunion und ihren Mitgliedstaaten.

Dieses Buch befasst sich mit evidenzbasierten Praktiken, die einen effektiven Unterricht ermöglichen, um einen optimalen Bildungserfolg für Schüler zu gewährleisten. Es identifiziert Schlüsselstrategien, die auf umfangreichen Forschungsergebnissen basieren, welche ihre Wirksamkeit bei der Verbesserung der Schülerergebnisse bestätigen. Das Buch bietet Lehrkräften einen Leitfaden zur Unterscheidung zwischen Strategien, die evidenzbasiert sind, und solchen, für die es nur wenige oder gar keine Belege gibt. Es beschreibt gängige Unterrichtsstrategien, die häufig in Schulen eingesetzt werden, obwohl ihre Wirksamkeit kaum belegt ist. Darüber hinaus werden in dem Buch acht wichtige evidenzbasierte Unterrichtspraktiken genannt, die von den Lehrkräften direkt umgesetzt werden können, die theoretischen und forschungsbasierten Grundlagen für jede dieser Strategien erläutert, und es werden Leitlinien für Sonder- und allgemeinbildende Lehrkräfte gegeben, wie sie diese Strategien am effektivstenanwenden können, mit Links zu Videobeispielen für ihre Anwendung im Unterricht. Der Text untersucht auch häufige Hindernisse für den Einsatz evidenzbasierter Praktiken in Schulen. Es werden die Auswirkungen auf die Lehrerausbildung untersucht, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Ausbildung von Pädagogen liegt, damit sie evidenzbasierte Strategien erkennen und effektiv umsetzen können, wobei diejenigen vermieden werden, die nicht evidenzbasiert sind, selbst wenn sie in den Schulen beliebt sind. ¿Evidenzbasierte Lehrstrategien¿ ist ein unverzichtbares Nachschlagewerk für Forscher, Fachleute und Studenten der pädagogischen Psychologie, der Kinder- und Schulpsychologie und der Sozialarbeit, die daran interessiert sind, wirksame Lehrmethoden kennenzulernen und umzusetzen, die das Engagement der Schüler und ihre schulischen Leistungen verbessern, das sozial-emotionale Lernen stärken und die Schulabbrecherquote senken.

An der Schnittstelle von Arbeitsmigration und Gesundheitsarbeit untersucht dieses Buch die dynamische Beziehung zwischen der grenzüberschreitenden Bewegung von Krankenschwestern und den Bemühungen, ihre Migration zu regulieren. Auf der Grundlage qualitativer Forschung an mehreren Standorten analysiert dieser Band die sich verändernden sozialen Dimensionen und das transnationale Ausmaß der globalen Krankenpflege und konzentriert sich dabei insbesondere auf die Anwerbung von Pflegekräften von den Philippinen nach Deutschland. Die Abwanderung von Pflegefachkräften aus ressourcenarmen Ländern in wohlhabende Länder führt nicht nur zu einem globalen Pflegenotstand, sondern ist auch ein Paradebeispiel für den internationalen Wettlauf um Talente und Fähigkeiten. Dieses Buch wirft einen kritischen Blick auf das entstehende Feld der Migrationssteuerung oder des Migrationsmanagements als bevorzugte politische Antwort auf die konkurrierenden Diskurse über den globalen Pflegenotstand und den globalen Wettbewerb um qualifizierte Pflegekräfte. Es beleuchtet nicht nur das sich verändernde Geflecht von Akteuren, Diskursen und Praktiken im Migrationsmanagement der Pflegearbeit, sondern auch und vor allem, wie verschiedene Formen der Pflege in der globalen Migration von Pflegekräften zum Tragen kommen.

Dieses Buch behandelt die Grundlagen der Algebra und der elementaren Zahlentheorie. Zentrale Begriffe sind Primelemente und irreduzible Elemente. Ausgehend vom Aufbau einer Arithmetik in Hauptidealringen und insbesondere euklidischen Ringen sind die zentralen Themen zum einen irreduzible Polynome, zum anderen Primzahlen. Dies führt zu den algebraischen Körpererweiterungen und zu Fragen nach der Konstruierbarkeit mit Zirkel und Lineal. Nach einem längeren Ausflug in die Gruppentheorie bis zum Sylow-Satz und den auflösbaren Gruppen wird die Idee der Galoistheorie exemplarisch an der Frage der Auflösbarkeit von Polynomgleichungen behandelt. Zentrale Themen der Zahlentheorie sind Verteilung und Eigenschaften von Primzahlen, Primzahltests, Kongruenzen, der Chinesische Restsatz, quadratische Reste bis hin zum quadratischen Reziprozitätsgesetz und Lösungsansätze für einige diophantische Gleichungen. Neu in dieser 3. Auflage ist neben einer Erweiterung des Themas "Konstruktion mit Zirkel und Lineal", dass es begleitend zum Buch ein Audio-Angebot gibt. Die Audiodateien können im E-Book direkt durch Anklicken angehört werden, für das gedruckte Buch steht die SN More Media App zur Verfügung.

This book offers ideas and practices on contemporary design concepts and illustrates them with plans and photographs of outstanding examples. Current planning and design modes of dwellings and neighborhoods are facing challenges of philosophy and form. Past approaches no longer sustain new demands and require innovative thinking. The need for a new outlook is propelled by fundamental changes that touch upon environmental, economic and social aspects.The depletion of non-renewable natural resources and climate change are a few of the environmental challenges. Increasing costs of material, labor, land and infrastructure have posed economic challenges with affordability being paramount among them. Social challenges are also drawing the attention of designers, builders and homeowners. Walkable communities, aging in place and multigenerational living are some of the concepts considered. In addition, live-work environments have become part of the economic reality for those who wishto work from home¿which has become possible through digital advances.The text would be of interest to scholars working in: architecture, urban planning, and construction.

This book provides a detailed account, and critique, of diverse approaches to the arts funding question, with a focus on the arm¿s length arts councils that are the norm in the Anglo-American world. It builds on economic methods, the liberal-egalitarian framework of John Rawls, the communitarian opposition to the liberal framework, the capabilities approach to equality, and the cultural conservatism of Roger Scruton and others. In each case, the book considers the very practical aspect of public funding of the arts, namely, what are the implications for what ought to receive priority, and what parts of the cultural world are best left to their own, private sector, devices. It is not a work of ¿arts advocacy¿. Rather, the book challenges assumptions, and sparks critical debate in the field.

This textbook is an introductory guide to applying behavioral sciences and systemic thinking into public policy design and implementation. It presents an innovative public management toolkit to handle ¿wicked¿ social problems ¿ those not very responsive to traditional public policy instruments ¿ by incorporating insights from the behavioral sciences and systemic design in the diagnostics of public problems, based on the motivations and constraints of the ¿real citizen¿ ¿ beyond the ideal citizen¿s perfectly rational intentions and plans devoid of social context or self-control problems.This volume aims to motivate the inclusion of broader and deeper insights from the behavioral sciences ¿ especially behavioral economics, cognitive psychology, and social psychology ¿ to the repertoire of public managers by introducing new methodologies for diagnosing the root causes behind public problems and for designing effective policies to address them. The new diagnosis tool ¿ theMSI framework (an acronym for Motivation, Self-control, and Inattention problems) ¿, will help identify new mechanisms underlying social problems or reinterpret known problems based on behavioral insights. The new methodology for policy design ¿ the PRIx framework (an acronym for Pricing policies, Regulatory policies, and Information policies) ¿, will enrich existing policy tools with such behavioral insights.Behavioral Insights for Policy Design: A New Framework for Understanding Wicked Social Problems and Designing Policies for Real Citizens will be a useful and practical guide to public managers and students of graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in public management interested in learning how to apply innovative tools and methodologies inspired by the behavioral sciences into public policy design in a simple and practical way, even when dealing with complex social problems.

This volume aims to clarify the epistemic potential of applying evolutionary thinking outside biology, and provides a survey of the current state of the art in research on relevant topics in the life sciences, the philosophy of science, and the various areas of evolutionary research outside the life sciences. By bringing together chapters by evolutionary biologists, systematic biologists, philosophers of biology, philosophers of social science, complex systems modelers, psychologists, anthropologists, economists, linguists, historians, and educators, the volume examines evolutionary thinking within and outside the life sciences from a multidisciplinary perspective. While the chapters written by biologists and philosophers of science address theoretical aspects of the guiding questions and aims of the volume, the chapters written by researchers from the other areas approach them from the perspective of applying evolutionary thinking to non-biological phenomena. Taken together, the chapters in this volume do not only show how evolutionary thinking can be fruitfully applied in various areas of investigation, but also highlight numerous open problems, unanswered questions, and issues on which more clarity is needed. As such, the volume can serve as a starting point for future research on the application of evolutionary thinking across disciplines.

This book provides an outline of the major challenges and methodologies for applying classic counterintelligence theory into the cybersecurity domain. This book also covers operational security approaches to cyber, alongside detailed descriptions of contemporary cybersecurity threats, in the context of psychological and criminal profiling of cybercriminals. Following an analysis of the plethora of counterespionage techniques that can be mapped to the cyber realm, the mechanics of undertaking technical surveillance are reviewed.A range of approaches to web and forum surveillance are outlined as a virtual addition to traditional video and audio surveillance captured regarding targets. This includes a description of the advances in Artificial Intelligence, predictive analysis, support for the disciplines of digital forensics, behavioural analysis and Open Source Intelligence (OSINT). The rise of disinformation and misinformation and the veracity of widespread false flag claims are discussed at length, within the broader context of legal and ethical issues in cyber counterintelligence.This book is designed for professionals working in the intelligence, law enforcement or cybersecurity domains to further explore and examine the contemporary intersection of these disciplines. Students studying cybersecurity, justice, law, intelligence, criminology or related fields may also find the book useful as a reference volume, while instructors could utilise the whole volume or individual chapters as a secondary textbook or required reading.

This book provides the foundational knowledge essential for comprehending the functioning of financial markets and institutions and their current challenges. First, the book provides a general overview on the functioning of the EU financial system, examining financial markets and financial intermediaries¿ features and activity and their contribution to economic growth. It also outlines the evolution of the EU integration process, giving an overview of the most important regulatory steps related to the banking and financial system culminated in the creation of the Banking Union. Banking activity is also examined in the most important business areas: commercial versus investment banking. Lastly, the book introduces two important phenomena, which are currently characterizing the financial environment: FinTech and sustainable finance. Both FinTech and sustainable finance represent significant opportunities for the market and the operators, even if the challenges and risks associated arealso relevant. This underlines the need to understand their intensity and their potential impact on the functioning of the financial system as a whole.

Now in a fully revised and expanded second edition, this comprehensive text remains the definitive source for information related to the care of adult and pediatric patients with spondylolisthesis. It presents a complete analysis of this common yet intricate spinal condition, including basic science, diagnosis, non-surgical management, surgical techniques (including minimally invasive options and biologics) and outcomes. The management of the various types of spondylolisthesis requires a thorough understanding of both fundamental principles and subtle nuances, which are highlighted here in three sections. Part I details the basic principles, diagnosis and non-surgical management of spondylolisthesis, including anatomy and biomechanics, clinical evaluation of both adult and pediatric patients, and imaging and classification. Part II covers surgical management with a step-by-step discussion of strategies, techniques and tips that are necessary to apply standard proceduresto this specific disorder. Procedures that are covered here include decompression, spinal fusion from various approaches, and the latest minimally invasive and endoscopic techniques. Part III discusses the outcomes and complications of surgical treatment, as well as interoperative neuro-monitoring and value considerations. Written and edited by top clinicians in the field, Spondylolisthesis remains an invaluable resource for orthopedic and neurological spine surgeons, rehabilitation physicians, residents, fellows, and any caregiver who treats the spine.

Coral reefs, which are one of the most productive and biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, serve various important roles, such as providing shelter and spawning grounds to a wide range of marine animals. However, the global decline of hard corals in tropical and subtropical regions is a growing concern. A recent review of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicated that only 10%¿30% of coral reefs would survive with an increase of 1.5 °C in global warming temperature. Of coral reefs around the world, the coral reefs in eastern Asia face one of the most industrially developed and high population areas in the world. Thus, coral reefs of eastern Asia have been affected by various anthropogenic factors, such as eutrophication, coastal development, anthropogenic pollutants, ocean acidification, disease, and overfishing. Therefore, urgent research is required to determine the levels at which different factors will affect coral health. Besides, we propose a perspective on coralreef (especially those in eastern Asia) conservation under climate change and various anthropogenic activities.

This volume is a collection of papers on emerging concepts, significant insights, and novel approaches on information systems development (ISD). It examines and investigates up-and-coming trends in ISD in general, emphasizing benefits and risks of Artificial Intelligence in the development and operation of Information Systems. The book draws on invited papers selected from the proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Information Systems Development hosted by Babe¿-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, August 31 - September 2, 2022 (ISD2022). The theme of ISD2022 was ¿Artificial Intelligence for Information Systems Development and Operations¿. The conference focused on the interplay between Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence, trying to emphasize novel, smarter automation approaches and the mitigation of risks related to AI adoption. Primary readership of the volume are researchers interested in methodological and operational perspectives related to ISD in general, and to AI adoption as a means of digital transformation in particular.